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Tazawa T, Yasui M, Otsuka S, Hatayama N, Naito M, Ohshima S, Yokota H. Development of a musculoskeletal shoulder model considering anatomic joint structures and soft-tissue deformation for dynamic simulation. Anat Sci Int 2024; 99:278-289. [PMID: 38698275 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-024-00773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The shoulder joint has a high degree of freedom and an extremely complex and unstable kinematic mechanism. Coordinated contraction of the rotator cuff muscles that stop around the humeral head and the deltoid muscles and the extensibility of soft tissues, such as the joint capsule, labrum, and ligaments, contribute to shoulder-joint stability. Understanding the mechanics of shoulder-joint movement, including soft-tissue characteristics, is important for disease prevention and the development of a device for disease treatment. This study aimed to create a musculoskeletal shoulder model to represent the realistic behavior of joint movement and soft-tissue deformation as a dynamic simulation using a rigid-body model for bones and a soft-body model for soft tissues via a spring-damper-mass system. To reproduce the muscle-contraction properties of organisms, we used a muscle-expansion representation and Hill's mechanical muscle model. Shoulder motion, including the movement of the center of rotation in joints, was reproduced, and the strain in the joint capsule during dynamic shoulder movement was quantified. Furthermore, we investigated narrowing of the acromiohumeral distance in several situations to induce tissue damage due to rotator cuff impingement at the anterior-subacromial border during shoulder abduction. Given that the model can analyze exercises under disease conditions, such as muscle and tendon injuries and impingement syndrome, the proposed model is expected to help elucidate disease mechanisms and develop treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Tazawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya-Shi, Aichi, Japan
- ASAHI INTECC CO., LTD., Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaya Yasui
- Department of Judo Seifuku and Health Sciences, Tokoha University, 1230 Miyakodacho, Kita-ku, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shun Otsuka
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hatayama
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Munekazu Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigemichi Ohshima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya-Shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-Ku, Nagoya-Shi, Aichi, Japan.
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Sugrañes J, Jackson GR, Warrier AA, Allahabadi S, Chahla J. Snapping Hip Syndrome: Pathoanatomy, Diagnosis, Nonoperative Therapy, and Current Concepts in Operative Management. JBJS Rev 2023; 11:01874474-202306000-00004. [PMID: 37289915 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
» Asymptomatic snapping hip affects 5% to 10% of the population; when pain becomes the primary symptom, it is classified as snapping hip syndrome (SHS).» The snap can be felt on the lateral side of the hip (external snapping hip), often attributed to an iliotibial band interaction with the greater trochanter, or on the medial side (internal snapping hip), often attributed to the iliopsoas tendon snapping on the lesser trochanter.» History and physical examination maneuvers can help distinguish the etiology, and imaging may help confirm diagnosis and rule out other pathologies.» A nonoperative strategy is used initially; in the event of failure, several surgical procedures are discussed in this review along with their pertinent analyses and key points.» Both open and arthroscopic procedures are based on the lengthening of the snapping structures. While open and endoscopic procedures both treat external SHS, endoscopic procedures typically have lower complication rates and better outcomes when treating internal SHS. This distinction does not appear to be as noticeable in the external SHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sugrañes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Garrett R Jackson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alec A Warrier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sachin Allahabadi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jorge Chahla
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Lifshitz L, Bar Sela S, Gal N, Martin R, Fleitman Klar M. Iliopsoas the Hidden Muscle: Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Curr Sports Med Rep 2020; 19:235-243. [PMID: 32516195 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The iliopsoas is a deep muscle group which anatomically connects the spine to the lower limbs. It is composed of the iliacus, psoas major, and psoas minor muscles. The iliopsoas functions as the primary hip flexor. Because the iliopsoas is important for daily activities, including sports, impairments and pathology associated with this muscle group can cause significant limitations. Evaluating pathology associated with the iliopsoas muscle group can be challenging because the patient's complaints are often vague and difficult to discern from other hip problems. This article will review relevant anatomy, discuss common pathologies, present clinical based examination methods, and outline conservative treatment interventions focusing on manual therapy and active exercises.
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Shearer BM, Muchlinski M, Hammond AS. Large pelvic tubercle in orangutans relates to the adductor longus muscle. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7273. [PMID: 31403002 PMCID: PMC6688593 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Orangutan pelves commonly exhibit a large, projecting tubercle in the iliopubic region, historically assumed to homologous to the pubic tubercle in humans. However, it is not clear whether this tubercle is a unique feature of Pongo, or if it is anatomically homologous with the human pubic tubercle when considered as a soft tissue attachment point. To clarify this issue, we dissected orangutan and other ape cadaveric specimens to evaluate the pelvic brim soft tissues and how they may relate to the tubercle (when present). We additionally conducted a broad osteological survey of pelvic brim morphology across 28 primate genera (n = 294 specimens) to document the presence of the tubercle in primate pelves. Cadaveric dissections revealed that the tubercle is exclusively associated with the proximal attachment of the adductor longus muscle tendon in orangutans. Our osteological survey confirms that the tubercle is both constantly present and very prominent in orangutans. We observed that the tubercle is consistently situated along the pectineal line, lateral to where the pubic tubercle in humans is found, thereby making its structural homology unlikely. The osteological survey documented the tubercle at polymorphic frequencies in all hominoid taxa, though generally less protuberant than observed in Pongo. We argue that this further excludes its possibility of homology with the pubic tubercle, and that it may therefore be more appropriately be considered an adductor longus tubercle. We discuss possible functional and phylogenetic implications for this feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Shearer
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anthropology, City University of New York, Graduate School and University Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magdalena Muchlinski
- Anatomical Services Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ashley S. Hammond
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
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Dragieva P, Zaharieva M, Kozhuharov Y, Markov K, Stoyanov GS. Psoas Minor Muscle: A Cadaveric Morphometric Study. Cureus 2018; 10:e2447. [PMID: 29888151 PMCID: PMC5991928 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The psoas muscle group is part of the posterior abdominal wall and is comprised of long muscles – major, minor, and tertius. Out of those, only the psoas major muscle is an obligatory muscle present in all individuals. The psoas minor muscle (PMM) originates as vertical fascicles inserted in the bodies of the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae and inserting into the iliopectineal eminence. The muscle provide flexion of the lumbar spine in a limited fashion. The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of the muscle in the Bulgarian population. Materials and methods This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria, by Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov in November 2017, on a total of 10 cadavers. The length, width, and circumference of the muscles were measured. The collected data were interpreted in a descriptive manner. Results The PMM was present in six out of ten cadavers (60%). Out of those six cadavers, the muscle was bilateral in three, unilateral on the left side in one, and unilateral on the right side in two cadavers. The average length of the muscle was 19.66 cm (range:14.4 cm - 21.7 cm), average width was 1.73 cm (range: 1.0 cm - 3.2 cm ) and average circumference was 3.48 cm (range: 1.7 cm - maximum 5.6 cm). The male to female ratio of cadavers with a PMM was 1:1. Conclusion The frequency of the muscle's variations considering its presence in the Bulgarian population (60%) is higher when compared to its presence in the Indian population (36.67%), virtually identical to the Brazilian population (59%), and lower than that reported in the US (65.6%). The morphometric analyses of the different populations showed a shorter psoas minor in the Bulgarian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Dragieva
- Student, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Mihaela Zaharieva
- Student, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Yordan Kozhuharov
- Student, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Markov
- Student, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
| | - George S Stoyanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, BGR
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Zhang R, Hou Z, Zhang L, Yin Y, Chen W, Zhang Y. Insertion of psoas minor tendon at pelvic brim, a novel anatomic landmark for extra-articular, screw placement through Stoppa approach. Injury 2017; 48:897-902. [PMID: 28242066 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psoas minor partially inserted to the superior pelvic brim. And the plate used to fix the acetabular fracture has always been positioned at the pelvic brim after reduction through the Stoppa approach. However, there are few studies depicting the clinical significance of the psoas minor. The purpose of this paper was to explore the relationship between the insertion of the psoas minor tendon at the pelvic brim (IPMTPB) and screw placement through the Stoppa approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen cadavers were dissected for adequate exposure to IPMTPB in our study. However, not all specimens had a psoas minor. For the specimens with IPMTPB, the posterior and anterior edges were used as the first and second entry points, dividing the area from the sacroiliac joint to the pubic symphysis into three zones (d1, d2 and d3). The average proportion of each zone was obtained after measurement the three zones, to locate the two entry points for the specimens without a psoas minor. From the longitudinal Stoppa incision, the first wire was inserted horizontally, and the second wire was placed vertical to the bone surface. Fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT) were conducted to examine the relationship between the wires and the acetabulum. RESULTS There was a psoas minor in sixteen hemipelvises (53.33%). After measurement and calculation, we determined that the average proportions of zones d1, d2, and d3 were 28.03%, 29.14%, and 42.83%, respectively. For all specimens, the wires were successfully inserted, and the trajectories of the wires were outside the hip joint cavity. CONCLUSIONS IPMTPB could be used as an anatomic landmark of safe zones for screw placement through the Stoppa approach. For cases without a psoas minor, the zones for extra-articular screw placement could be determined through the measurements in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Zhang
- Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Yingchao Yin
- Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
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Abstract
Snapping hip, or coxa saltans is a palpable or auditory snapping with movement of the hip joint. Extra-articular snapping is divided into external and internal types, and is caused laterally by the iliotibial band and anteriorly by the iliopsoas tendon. Snapping of the iliopsoas usually requires contraction of the hip flexors and may be difficult to distinguish from intra-articular coxa saltans. Ultrasound can be a useful modality to dynamically detect tendon translation during hip movement to support the diagnosis of extra-articular snapping. Coxa saltans is typically treated with conservative measures including anti-inflammatories, stretching, and avoidance of inciting activities. Recalcitrant cases are treated with surgery to lengthen the iliopsoas or the iliotibial band.
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