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Wollast R, Lacourse É, Mageau GA, Pelletier-Dumas M, Dorfman A, Dupéré V, Lina JM, Stolle D, de la Sablonnière R. Trajectories of self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness during the COVID-19 pandemic: A person-oriented multi-trajectory approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292522. [PMID: 38109431 PMCID: PMC10727429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in the lives of many people. Although research has documented associations between concerns related to COVID-19 and poor mental health indicators, fewer studies have focused on positive factors that could help people better cope with this stressful social context. To fill this gap, the present research investigated the trajectories of self-compassion facets in times of dramatic social change. Using a longitudinal research design, we described the trajectories of self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness during the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in a representative sample of Canadian adults (N = 3617). Relying on a multi-trajectory group-based approach, we identified clusters of individuals following persistently low (4.0%), moderate-low (39.3%), moderate-high (46.7%), and high (10.0%) levels of self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness. Interestingly, we found that compassionate self-responding trajectories were mainly stable over time with minor fluctuations for some groups of individuals, in line with the epidemiological situation. In terms of covariates, we observed that older women were more likely to follow trajectories of high compassionate self-responding, as compared to the other age and gender groups. In terms of mental health indicators, we demonstrated that trajectory groups with high levels of compassionate self-responding were associated with greater life satisfaction, more happiness, better sleep quality, higher sleep quantity, and fewer negative emotions, as compared to lower trajectory groups. The results supported the idea that self-compassion during the COVID-19 pandemic could have favored better mental health indicators and could possibly be promoted as a psychological intervention in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wollast
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric Lacourse
- Department of Sociology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Anna Dorfman
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Véronique Dupéré
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dietlind Stolle
- Department of Political Science and Centre for the Study of Democratic Citizenship, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Essler S, Becher T, Pletti C, Gniewosz B, Paulus M. Longitudinal evidence that infants develop their imitation abilities by being imitated. Curr Biol 2023; 33:4674-4678.e3. [PMID: 37757831 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Humans are widely considered the most socially sophisticated species on the planet. Their remarkable abilities in navigating the social world have given rise to complex societies and the advancement of cultural intelligence.1,2,3,4,5 But what characterizes us as ultra-social beings? Theoretical advances in social sciences over the last century purport imitation as a central mechanism for the emergence of humans' unique social-cognitive abilities.6,7,8 Uncovering the ontogeny of imitation is therefore paramount for understanding human cultural evolution. Yet how humans become able to imitate is unclear and intensely debated. Recently, multidisciplinary findings have challenged long-standing assumptions that imitation is inborn.9,10,11,12 So what are the underlying processes supporting the development of imitation? One fascinating possibility is that infants become able to imitate by being imitated.13,14,15 Cognitive theories have suggested that by perceiving others imitating one's own behavior, visual and motor representations of that behavior are coactivated and associated, leading to the emergence of imitation abilities.14,15 Here, we show that being imitated by sensitive caregivers in infancy constitutes a psychological process giving rise to infants' imitation abilities. Results demonstrated (1) that maternal imitation at 14 months positively predicted infants' imitation abilities at 18 months and (2) that maternal imitation at 14 months mediated the positive effect of maternal sensitivity at 6 months on infants' imitation abilities at 18 months. This offers substantial evidence for the role of social interactions in the emergence of imitation as a key factor for human cultural learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Essler
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany; FOM University of Applied Sciences, Leimkugelstraße 6, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Tamara Becher
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Carolina Pletti
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany; University of Vienna, Universitätsring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Markus Paulus
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany
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Woods AD, Gerasimova D, Van Dusen B, Nissen J, Bainter S, Uzdavines A, Davis‐Kean PE, Halvorson M, King KM, Logan JAR, Xu M, Vasilev MR, Clay JM, Moreau D, Joyal‐Desmarais K, Cruz RA, Brown DMY, Schmidt K, Elsherif MM. Best practices for addressing missing data through multiple imputation. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne D. Woods
- Center for Learning and Development, Education SRI International Arlington Virginia USA
| | - Daria Gerasimova
- Kansas University Center on Developmental Disabilities University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - Ben Van Dusen
- School of Education Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA
| | - Jayson Nissen
- Nissen Education Research and Design Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Sierra Bainter
- Department of Psychology University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Alex Uzdavines
- South Central Mental Illness Research Education, and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston Texas USA
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas USA
| | | | - Max Halvorson
- Department of Psychology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Kevin M. King
- Department of Psychology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Jessica A. R. Logan
- Department of Educational Studies The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Menglin Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | | | - James M. Clay
- Department of Psychology University of Portsmouth Portsmouth UK
| | - David Moreau
- School of Psychology University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Keven Joyal‐Desmarais
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada
- Montreal Behavioral Medicine Centre Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord‐de‐l'Île‐de‐Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Rick A. Cruz
- Department of Psychology Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Denver M. Y. Brown
- Department of Psychology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA
| | - Kathleen Schmidt
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences Southern Illinois University Carbondale Illinois USA
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Kil H, Lacourse E, Mageau GA, Pelletier-Dumas M, Dorfman A, Stolle D, Lina JM, de la Sablonnière R. Initial risk factors, self-compassion trajectories, and well-being outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A person-centered approach. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1016397. [PMID: 36846478 PMCID: PMC9945549 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1016397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We investigated whether initial risk classes and heterogeneous trajectories of self-compassion over the course of the pandemic may impact well-being outcomes 1 year into the pandemic. Methods A large, representative sample of Canadians (N = 3,613; 50.6% women) was sampled longitudinally over 11 waves (April 2020-April 2021), using a rolling cross-sectional survey design. Analyses were conducted in three steps: (1) latent class analysis to identify heterogeneity in risk factors (sociodemographic, cognitive-personality, health-related) early in the pandemic, (2) latent class growth analysis (LCGA) to identify longitudinal self-compassion trajectories, and (3) GLM to examine effects of risk factor classes and self-compassion trajectories, as well as their interaction, on later well-being (mental health, perceived control, life satisfaction). Results and Discussion Four risk factor classes emerged, with 50.9% of participants experiencing low risk, 14.3% experiencing multiple risks, 20.8% experiencing Cognitive-Personality and Health risks, and 14.0% experiencing sociodemographic and Cognitive-Personality risks. Four self-compassion trajectories also emerged, with 47.7% of participants experiencing moderate-high self-compassion that decreased then stabilized, 32.0% experiencing moderate self-compassion that decreased then stabilized, 17.3% experiencing high and stable self-compassion across time, and 3.0% experiencing low and decreasing self-compassion. Comparisons of well-being outcomes 1 year post-pandemic indicated that higher levels of self-compassion over time may protect against the impact of initial risk on well-being outcomes. Further work is still needed on heterogeneity in experiences of risk and protective factors during stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hali Kil
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Eric Lacourse
- Department of Sociology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Anna Dorfman
- Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dietlind Stolle
- Department of Political Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Wickham RE, Giordano BL. Implementing planned missingness in stimulus sampling designs: Strategies for optimizing statistical power and precision while limiting participant burden. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Geiser
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah, USA
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