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Correa-Arzate L, Portilla-Robertson J, Ramírez-Jarquín JO, Jacinto-Alemán LF, Mejía-Velázquez CP, Villanueva-Sánchez FG, Rodríguez-Vázquez M. LRP5, SLC6A3, and SOX10 Expression in Conventional Ameloblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1524. [PMID: 37628576 PMCID: PMC10453908 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation and invasion are characteristic of many tumors, including ameloblastoma, and are important features to target in possible future therapeutic applications. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was the identification of key genes and inhibitory drugs related to the cell proliferation and invasion of ameloblastoma using bioinformatic analysis. METHODS The H10KA_07_38 gene profile database was analyzed by Rstudio and ShinyGO Gene Ontology enrichment. String, Cytoscape-MCODE, and Kaplan-Meier plots were generated, which were subsequently validated by RT-qPCR relative expression and immunoexpression analyses. To propose specific inhibitory drugs, a bioinformatic search using Drug Gene Budger and DrugBank was performed. RESULTS A total of 204 significantly upregulated genes were identified. Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified four pathways related to cell proliferation and cell invasion. A total of 37 genes were involved in these pathways, and 11 genes showed an MCODE score of ≥0.4; however, only SLC6A3, SOX10, and LRP5 were negatively associated with overall survival (HR = 1.49 (p = 0.0072), HR = 1.55 (p = 0.0018), and HR = 1.38 (p = 0.025), respectively). The RT-qPCR results confirmed the significant differences in expression, with overexpression of >2 for SLC6A3 and SOX10. The immunoexpression analysis indicated positive LRP5 and SLC6A3 expression. The inhibitory drugs bioinformatically obtained for the above three genes were parthenolide and vorinostat. CONCLUSIONS We identify LRP5, SLC6A3, and SOX10 as potentially important genes related to cell proliferation and invasion in the pathogenesis of ameloblastomas, along with both parthenolide and vorinostat as inhibitory drugs that could be further investigated for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against ameloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Correa-Arzate
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Postgraduate Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico (J.P.-R.); (C.P.M.-V.)
| | - Javier Portilla-Robertson
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Postgraduate Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico (J.P.-R.); (C.P.M.-V.)
| | - Josué Orlando Ramírez-Jarquín
- Neurosciences Division, Cellular Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando Jacinto-Alemán
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Postgraduate Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico (J.P.-R.); (C.P.M.-V.)
| | - Claudia Patricia Mejía-Velázquez
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Postgraduate Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico (J.P.-R.); (C.P.M.-V.)
| | | | - Mariana Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Infectomic and Molecular Pathogenesis Department, CINVESTAV, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
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Ferri-Borgogno S, Zhu Y, Sheng J, Burks JK, Gomez JA, Wong KK, Wong ST, Mok SC. Spatial Transcriptomics Depict Ligand-Receptor Cross-talk Heterogeneity at the Tumor-Stroma Interface in Long-Term Ovarian Cancer Survivors. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1503-1516. [PMID: 36787106 PMCID: PMC10159916 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is an aggressive disease that accounts for 70% of all ovarian cancer deaths. Nevertheless, 15% of patients diagnosed with advanced HGSC survive more than 10 years. The elucidation of predictive markers of these long-term survivors (LTS) could help identify therapeutic targets for the disease, and thus improve patient survival rates. To investigate the stromal heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in ovarian cancer, we used spatial transcriptomics to generate spatially resolved transcript profiles in treatment-naïve advanced HGSC from LTS and short-term survivors (STS) and determined the association between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) heterogeneity and survival in patients with advanced HGSC. Spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing data were integrated to distinguish tumor and stroma regions, and a computational method was developed to investigate spatially resolved ligand-receptor interactions between various tumor and CAF subtypes in the TME. A specific subtype of CAFs and its spatial location relative to a particular ovarian cancer cell subtype in the TME correlated with long-term survival in patients with advanced HGSC. Also, increased APOE-LRP5 cross-talk occurred at the stroma-tumor interface in tumor tissues from STS compared with LTS. These findings were validated using multiplex IHC. Overall, this spatial transcriptomics analysis revealed spatially resolved CAF-tumor cross-talk signaling networks in the ovarian TME that are associated with long-term survival of patients with HGSC. Further studies to confirm whether such cross-talk plays a role in modulating the malignant phenotype of HGSC and could serve as a predictive biomarker of patient survival are warranted. SIGNIFICANCE Generation of spatially resolved gene expression patterns in tumors from patients with ovarian cancer surviving more than 10 years allows the identification of novel predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for better patient management. See related commentary by Kelliher and Lengyel, p. 1383.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy Ferri-Borgogno
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ying Zhu
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianting Sheng
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jared K. Burks
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Javier A. Gomez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kwong Kwok Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen T.C. Wong
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samuel C. Mok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Guo H, Zhao J, Li X, Sun F, Qin Y, Yang X, Xiong X, Yin Q, Wang X, Gao L, Jiao M, Hu J, Han B. Identification of miR-1-3p, miR-143-3p and miR-145-5p association with bone metastasis of Gleason 3+4 prostate cancer and involvement of LASP1 regulation. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 68:101901. [PMID: 36791996 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Gleason Score (GS) 3 + 4 prostate cancer (PCa) is heterogeneous in clinical course and molecular features. Risk stratification of indolent and aggressive PCa with GS 3 + 4 is critical, especially those with bone metastasis (BM) potential. Microarray-based microRNA(miRNA) profiling with eight PCa cases with or without BM was used to screen the candidate miRNAs associated with BM. Transwell and MTS assays were used to characterize the function of miRNAs and target gene LASP1. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry assays were utilized to illustrate the clinical significance of miRNAs and target gene in a cohort of 309 Chinese PCa cases. In the current study, we identified that miR-1-3p, miR-143-3p and miR-145-5p are associated with BM of GS 3 + 4 PCa. Through functional experiments, we show that miR-1-3p/143-3p/145-5p promotes proliferation and migration of PCa in vitro. LASP1 was predicted as the common target of these three miRNAs which was further confirmed by a luciferase assay. Overexpression of LASP1 was correlated with higher GS, higher pathological stage, and the presence of metastasis by immunohistochemistry. siRNA knockdown of LASP1 significantly suppressed proliferation and migration, whereas overexpression of LASP1 promoted it. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway in LASP1 mediated function. LASP1 may activate Wnt signaling by interacting with β-catenin. In all, we suggest that miR-1-3p/143-3p/145-5p are associated with BM of Gleason 3 + 4 PCa. LASP1 is the common target of these miRNAs and may active Wnt signaling by interacting with β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Xinjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xueting Xiong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qianshuo Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou City Central Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Lin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Meng Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Co-Targeting Luminal B Breast Cancer with S-Adenosylmethionine and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Reduces Primary Tumor Growth and Progression, and Metastasis to Lungs and Bone. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010048. [PMID: 36612044 PMCID: PMC9818024 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most prevalent cancer in females and has a high rate of mortality, especially due to increased metastasis to skeletal and non-skeletal sites. Despite the marked clinical accomplishment of immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy in patients with several cancers, it has had limited success in luminal subtypes of BCa. Accordingly, recent efforts have focused on combination therapy with CPI, including epigenetic modulators, to increase response rates of CPI in luminal BCa. We have previously shown that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the ubiquitous methyl donor, has strong anti-cancer effects in various cancers, including all subtypes of BCa. In the current study, we took a novel approach and examined the effect of CPI alone and in combination with SAM on tumor growth and metastasis in a syngeneic mouse model of luminal B BCa. We showed that SAM decreases cell proliferation, colony-formation (survival), and invasion of luminal B BCa cell lines (Eo771, R221A) in vitro. In in vivo studies, in Eo771 tumor-bearing mice, either SAM or anti-PD-1 antibody treatment alone significantly reduced tumor growth and progression, while the SAM+anti-PD-1 combination treatment had the highest anti-cancer efficacy of all groups. The SAM+anti-PD-1 combination reduced the percentage of animals with lung metastasis, as well as total metastatic lesion area, compared to control. Additionally, the SAM+anti-PD-1 combination significantly reduced the skeletal lesion area and protected tibial integrity to a greater extent than the monotherapies in an Eo771 bone metastasis model. Transcriptome analysis of Eo771 primary tumors revealed significant downregulation of pro-metastatic genes, including Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and related pathways. On the other hand, CD8+ T cell infiltration, CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity (elevated granzymes), and immunostimulatory genes and pathways were significantly upregulated by the combination treatment. The results presented point to a combination of SAM with CPI as a possible treatment for luminal B BCa that should be tested in clinical studies.
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Passarella D, Ciampi S, Di Liberto V, Zuccarini M, Ronci M, Medoro A, Foderà E, Frinchi M, Mignogna D, Russo C, Porcile C. Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 8 at the Crossroad between Cancer and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168921. [PMID: 36012187 PMCID: PMC9408729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density-lipoprotein receptors represent a family of pleiotropic cell surface receptors involved in lipid homeostasis, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. The family shares common structural features but also has significant differences mainly due to tissue-specific interactors and to peculiar proteolytic processing. Among the receptors in the family, recent studies place low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) at the center of both neurodegenerative and cancer-related pathways. From one side, its overexpression has been highlighted in many types of cancer including breast, gastric, prostate, lung and melanoma; from the other side, LRP8 has a potential role in neurodegeneration as apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and reelin receptor, which are, respectively, the major risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the main driver of neuronal migration, and as a γ-secretase substrate, the main enzyme responsible for amyloid formation in AD. The present review analyzes the contributions of LDL receptors, specifically of LRP8, in both cancer and neurodegeneration, pointing out that depending on various interactions and peculiar processing, the receptor can contribute to both proliferative and neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Passarella
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvia Ciampi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Emanuele Foderà
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Mignogna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio Russo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0874404897
| | - Carola Porcile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Koushyar S, Meniel VS, Phesse TJ, Pearson HB. Exploring the Wnt Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:309. [PMID: 35204808 PMCID: PMC8869457 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway is emerging as a frequent event during prostate cancer that can facilitate tumor formation, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Recent discoveries indicate that targeting the Wnt pathway to treat prostate cancer may be efficacious. However, the functional consequence of activating the Wnt pathway during the different stages of prostate cancer progression remains unclear. Preclinical work investigating the efficacy of targeting Wnt signaling for the treatment of prostate cancer, both in primary and metastatic lesions, and improving our molecular understanding of treatment responses is crucial to identifying effective treatment strategies and biomarkers that help guide treatment decisions and improve patient care. In this review, we outline the type of genetic alterations that lead to activated Wnt signaling in prostate cancer, highlight the range of laboratory models used to study the role of Wnt genetic drivers in prostate cancer, and discuss new mechanistic insights into how the Wnt cascade facilitates prostate cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Koushyar
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (S.K.); (V.S.M.)
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Valerie S. Meniel
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (S.K.); (V.S.M.)
| | - Toby J. Phesse
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (S.K.); (V.S.M.)
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Helen B. Pearson
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (S.K.); (V.S.M.)
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Hong J, Xie Z, Yang Z, Yang F, Liao H, Rao S, Huang X. Inactivation of Wnt-LRP5 signaling suppresses the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:2277-2285. [PMID: 35116545 PMCID: PMC8797788 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the most lethal gynecological malignant tumor, with few or no specific symptoms in its early stage. There are many signaling pathways involved in the process of OCa progression, among which the highly complex Wnt signaling pathway plays a unique role in the occurrence and development of OCa because of its functions of regulating gene expression, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Lipoprotein associated receptor protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) binds to activate this key pathway. Therefore, it is very important to study the mechanism of Wnt-LRP5 signaling pathway in the proliferation and migration of OCa. Methods In the present study, we have investigated the role of Wnt-LRP5 signaling pathway in OCa proliferation and migration for the first time using the dominant negative plasmid of LRP5 (DN-LRP5) and human OCa cells HO8910PM plus in a mouse model. Results Our data showed inactivation of LRP5 resulted in shift of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, lowered activity of pro-proliferation and pro-migration cancer signaling pathways including Akt, p38 and NF-κB, eventually decreased proliferation and migration of OCa cells HO8910PM in vitro. Moreover, in vivo OCa-DN-LRP5 mouse model developed significantly smaller tumors as determined by inoculation of HO8910PM-DN-LRP5 cells into nude mice. Conclusions Collectively, our results demonstrate the dominant role of Wnt-LRP5 in OCa proliferation and migration and its potential as a valuable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Xie
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyao Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Liao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuquan Rao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinhe Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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Nie X, Liu H, Ye W, Wei X, Fan L, Ma H, Li L, Xue W, Qi W, Wang YD, Chen WD. LRP5 promotes cancer stem cell traits and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:1095-1112. [PMID: 34997691 PMCID: PMC8831954 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The overactivation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are essential for the onset and malignant progression of most human cancers. However, their regulatory mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been well demonstrated. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) has been identified as an indispensable co-receptor with frizzled family members for the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction. Herein, we show that activation of LRP5 gene promotes CSCs-like phenotypes, including tumorigenicity and drug resistance in CRC cells, through activating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathways. Clinically, the expression of LRP5 is upregulated in human CRC tissues and closely associated with clinical stages of patients with CRC. Further analysis showed silencing of endogenous LRP5 gene is sufficient to suppress the CSCs-like phenotypes of CRC through inhibiting these two pathways. In conclusion, our findings not only reveal a regulatory cross-talk between canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathway and CD133-related stemness that promote the malignant behaviour of CRC, but also provide a valuable target for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Huiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Han Ma
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Lanqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Wanting Xue
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Wenting Qi
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
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9
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Nie X, Wang H, Wei X, Li L, Xue T, Fan L, Ma H, Xia Y, Wang YD, Chen WD. LRP5 Promotes Gastric Cancer via Activating Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin and Glycolysis Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 192:503-517. [PMID: 34896072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The overactivation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the main cascades for the initiation, progression, and recurrence of most human malignancies. As an indispensable coreceptor for the signaling transduction of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, LRP5 is up-regulated and exerts a carcinogenic role in most types of cancer. However, its expression level and role in gastric cancer (GC) has not been clearly elucidated. The current work showed that LRP5 was overexpressed in GC tissues and the expression of LRP5 was positively associated with the advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis. Ectopic expression of LRP5 enhanced the proliferation, invasiveness, and drug resistance of GC cells in vitro, and accelerated the tumor growth in nude mice, through activating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and up-regulating aerobic glycolysis, thus increasing the energy supply for GC cells. Additionally, the expression of LRP5 and glycolysis-related genes showed an obviously positive correlation in GC tissues. By contrast, the exact opposite results were observed when the endogenous LRP5 was silenced in GC cells. Collectively, these results not only reveal the carcinogenic role of LRP5 during GC development through activating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and glycolysis pathways, but also provide a valuable candidate for the diagnosis and treatment of human GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Haisheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Lanqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xue
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Han Ma
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Yubing Xia
- Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, People's Hospital of Hebi, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China.
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10
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Mechanical tibial loading remotely suppresses brain tumors by dopamine-mediated downregulation of CCN4. Bone Res 2021; 9:26. [PMID: 34031366 PMCID: PMC8144433 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading to the bone is known to be beneficial for bone homeostasis and for suppressing tumor-induced osteolysis in the loaded bone. However, whether loading to a weight-bearing hind limb can inhibit distant tumor growth in the brain is unknown. We examined the possibility of bone-to-brain mechanotransduction using a mouse model of a brain tumor by focusing on the response to Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling and dopamine in tumor cells. The results revealed that loading the tibia with elevated levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, markedly reduced the progression of the brain tumors. The simultaneous application of fluphenazine (FP), an antipsychotic dopamine modulator, enhanced tumor suppression. Dopamine and FP exerted antitumor effects through the dopamine receptors DRD1 and DRD2, respectively. Notably, dopamine downregulated Lrp5 via DRD1 in tumor cells. A cytokine array analysis revealed that the reduction in CCN4 was critical for loading-driven, dopamine-mediated tumor suppression. The silencing of Lrp5 reduced CCN4, and the administration of CCN4 elevated oncogenic genes such as MMP9, Runx2, and Snail. In summary, this study demonstrates that mechanical loading regulates dopaminergic signaling and remotely suppresses brain tumors by inhibiting the Lrp5-CCN4 axis via DRD1, indicating the possibility of developing an adjuvant bone-mediated loading therapy.
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11
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Lin SR, Mokgautsi N, Liu YN. Ras and Wnt Interaction Contribute in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Molecules 2020; 25:E2380. [PMID: 32443915 PMCID: PMC7287876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent and malignant cancer types in men, which causes more than three-hundred thousand cancer death each year. At late stage of PCa progression, bone marrow is the most often metastatic site that constitutes almost 70% of metastatic cases of the PCa population. However, the characteristic for the osteo-philic property of PCa is still puzzling. Recent studies reported that the Wnt and Ras signaling pathways are pivotal in bone metastasis and that take parts in different cytological changes, but their crosstalk is not well studied. In this review, we focused on interactions between the Wnt and Ras signaling pathways during each stage of bone metastasis and present the fate of those interactions. This review contributes insights that can guide other researchers by unveiling more details with regard to bone metastasis and might also help in finding potential therapeutic regimens for preventing PCa bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ren Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Collage of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
| | - Ntlotlang Mokgautsi
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Nien Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Collage of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
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12
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Aripaka K, Gudey SK, Zang G, Schmidt A, Åhrling SS, Österman L, Bergh A, von Hofsten J, Landström M. TRAF6 function as a novel co-regulator of Wnt3a target genes in prostate cancer. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:192-207. [PMID: 31262711 PMCID: PMC6642315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) promotes inflammation in response to various cytokines. Aberrant Wnt3a signals promotes cancer progression through accumulation of β-Catenin. Here we investigated a potential role for TRAF6 in Wnt signaling. Methods TRAF6 expression was silenced by siRNA in human prostate cancer (PC3U) and human colorectal SW480 cells and by CRISPR/Cas9 in zebrafish. Several biochemical methods and analyses of mutant phenotype in zebrafish were used to analyse the function of TRAF6 in Wnt signaling. Findings Wnt3a-treatment promoted binding of TRAF6 to the Wnt co-receptors LRP5/LRP6 in PC3U and LNCaP cells in vitro. TRAF6 positively regulated mRNA expression of β-Catenin and subsequent activation of Wnt target genes in PC3U cells. Wnt3a-induced invasion of PC3U and SW480 cells were significantly reduced when TRAF6 was silenced by siRNA. Database analysis revealed a correlation between TRAF6 mRNA and Wnt target genes in patients with prostate cancer, and high expression of LRP5, TRAF6 and c-Myc correlated with poor prognosis. By using CRISPR/Cas9 to silence TRAF6 in zebrafish, we confirm TRAF6 as a key molecule in Wnt3a signaling for expression of Wnt target genes. Interpretation We identify TRAF6 as an important component in Wnt3a signaling to promote activation of Wnt target genes, a finding important for understanding mechanisms driving prostate cancer progression. Fund KAW 2012.0090, CAN 2017/544, Swedish Medical Research Council (2016-02513), Prostatacancerförbundet, Konung Gustaf V:s Frimurarestiftelse and Cancerforskningsfonden Norrland. The funders did not play a role in manuscript design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation nor writing of the manuscript. TRAF6 positively regulated mRNA expression of b-Catenin and subsequent activation of Wnt target genes in prostate cancer cells in vitro. High expression of LRP5, TRAF6 and c-Myc correlated with poor prognosis for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anders Bergh
- Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonas von Hofsten
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå, Sweden; Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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13
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Lu C, Jia S, Zhao S, Shao X. MiR-342 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Biomark 2019; 25:115-126. [PMID: 31006667 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-192399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shengnan Jia
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shutao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Shao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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14
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Ma YHV, Xu L, Mei X, Middleton K, You L. Mechanically stimulated osteocytes reduce the bone-metastatic potential of breast cancer cells in vitro by signaling through endothelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7590-7601. [PMID: 30417549 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastases occur in 65% to 75% of patients with advanced breast cancer and significantly worsen their survival and quality of life. We previously showed that conditioned medium (CM) from osteocytes stimulated with oscillatory fluid flow, mimicking bone mechanical loading during routine physical activities, reduced the transendothelial migration of breast cancer cells. Endothelial cells are situated at an ideal location to mediate signals between osteocytes in the bone matrix and metastasizing cancer cells in the blood vessels. In this study, we investigated the specific effects of flow-stimulated osteocytes on the interaction between endothelial cells and breast cancer cells in vitro. We observed that CM from flow-stimulated osteocytes reduced endothelial permeability by 15% and breast cancer cell adhesion onto endothelial monolayers by 18%. The difference in adhesion was abolished with anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, CM from endothelial cells conditioned in CM from flow-stimulated osteocytes significantly altered the gene expression in bone-metastatic breast cancer cells, as shown by RNA sequencing. Specifically, breast cancer cell expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) was downregulated by 62%, and frizzled-4 (FZD4) by 61%, when the osteocytes were stimulated with flow. The invasion of these breast cancer cells across Matrigel was also reduced by 47%, and this difference was abolished by MMP-9 inhibitors. In conclusion, we demonstrated that flow-stimulated osteocytes downregulate the bone-metastatic potential of breast cancer cells by signaling through endothelial cells. This provides insights into the capability of bone mechanical regulation in preventing bone metastases; and may assist in prescribing exercise or bone-loading regimens to patients with breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Vivian Ma
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liangcheng Xu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xueting Mei
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Middleton
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lidan You
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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The Roles of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Proteins 5, 6, and 8 in Cancer: A Review. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:4536302. [PMID: 31031810 PMCID: PMC6457291 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4536302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) has been an object of research since the 1970s because of its role in various cell functions. The LDLR family members include LRP5, LRP6, and LRP8. Even though LRP5, 6, and 8 are in the same family, intriguingly, these three proteins have various roles in physiological events, as well as in regulating different mechanisms in various kinds of cancers. LRP5, LRP6, and LRP8 have been shown to play important roles in a broad panel of cancers. LRP5 is highly expressed in many tissues and is involved in the modulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion, bone development, and cholesterol metabolism, as well as cancer progression. Recently, LRP5 has also been shown to play a role in chondroblastic subtype of osteosarcoma (OS) and prostate cancer and also in noncancer case such as osteoporosis. LRP6, which has been previously discovered to share the same structures as LRP5, has also been associated with many cancer progressions such as human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCL), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition to its role in cancer progression, LRP8 (apolipoprotein E receptor 2 [APOER2]) has also been demonstrated to regulate canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway whereby this pathway plays a role in cell migration and development. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the role of LRP 5, 6, and 8 in regulating the cancer progression.
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16
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Sun C, Zhang G, Cheng S, Qian H, Li D, Liu M. URG11 promotes proliferation and induced apoptosis of LNCaP cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:2075-2085. [PMID: 30864678 PMCID: PMC6443344 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor C and EGF domain-containing protein (URG11), a cell growth regulator, is involved in the progression of a variety of types of cancer, including prostate cancer (Pca). However, the functions of the URG11 gene in Pca cells require in-depth investigation. The mRNA and protein levels of URG11 were measured by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to detect cell viability, migration and invasion, respectively. Apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were performed using flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of epithelial (E)-cadherin, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), cyclin D1 and MYC proto-oncogene protein (c-Myc) were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. In the present study, the mRNA and protein levels of URG11 were markedly upregulated in Pca cell lines compared with those in the normal prostate epithelial cell line. With functional experiments, the cell viability, migration and invasion of Pca cells were markedly promoted by URG11 overexpression. The cell cycle was effectively induced by URG11 and apoptosis was inhibited by the overexpression of URG11. Concomitantly, the epithelial marker E-cadherin was downregulated, and the mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-SMA were upregulated following URG11 overexpression. By contrast, genetic knockout of URG11 elicited the opposite effects. The present study also identified that the downstream effector genes of the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, cyclin D1 and c-Myc, were increased following the overexpression of endogenous URG11, which are known to regulate cell proliferation. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor FH535 ameliorated the promotive effects of URG11 on LNCaP cells viability, migration and invasion, and the Wnt/β-catenin agonist LiCl reversed the inhibitory effects of siURG11 in LNCaP cells on cell viability, migration and invasion. The present study demonstrated that URG11 served an oncogenic role in the development of Pca cells and provided evidence that URG11 has potential as a novel therapeutic target in Pca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Shujie Cheng
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Haining Qian
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
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17
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Mammoto A, Muyleart M, Mammoto T. LRP5 in age-related changes in vascular and alveolar morphogenesis in the lung. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:89-103. [PMID: 30612120 PMCID: PMC6339783 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with impaired angiogenesis and lung alveolar regeneration, which contributes to the increased susceptibility to chronic lung diseases (CLD). We have reported that the Wnt ligand co-receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), stimulates angiogenesis and lung alveolar regeneration. However, the role of LRP5 in age-related decline in vascular and alveolar morphogenesis remains unclear. In this report, we have demonstrated that vascular and alveolar structures are disrupted in the 24-month (24M) old mouse lungs. The expression of LRP5 and the major angiogenic factors, VEGFR2 and Tie2, is lower in endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from 24M old mouse lungs compared to those from 2M old mouse lungs. Vascular and alveolar formation is attenuated in the hydrogel implanted on the 24M old mouse lungs, while overexpression of LRP5, which restores angiogenic factor expression, reverses vascular and alveolar morphogenesis in the gel. Compensatory lung growth after unilateral pneumonectomy is inhibited in 24M old mice, which is reversed by overexpression of LRP5. These results suggest that LRP5 mediates age-related inhibition of angiogenesis and alveolar morphogenesis. Modulation of LRP5 may be a novel intervention to rejuvenate regenerative ability in aged lung and will lead to the development of efficient strategies for aging-associated CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Mammoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Megan Muyleart
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226USA
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226USA
| | - Tadanori Mammoto
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226USA
- Equal contribution
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18
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Capn4 expression is modulated by microRNA-520b and exerts an oncogenic role in prostate cancer cells by promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:467-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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19
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Li X, Yang J, Bao M, Zeng K, Fu S, Wang C, Ye L. Wnt signaling in bone metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Life Sci 2018; 208:33-45. [PMID: 29969609 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis frequently occurs in advanced cancer patients, who will develop osteogenic/osteolytic bone lesions in the late stage of the disease. Wnt signaling pathway, which is mainly grouped into the β-catenin dependent pathway and β-catenin independent pathway, is a well-organized cascade that has been reported to play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, including bone metastasis. Regulation of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis involves multiple stages, including dissemination of primary tumor cells to bone, dormancy and outgrowth of metastatic tumor cells, and tumor-induced osteogenic and osteolytic bone destruction, suggesting the importance of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis pathology. In this review, we will introduce the involvement of Wnt signaling components in specific bone metastasis stages and summarize the promising Wnt modulators that have shown potential as bone metastasis therapeutics, in the hope to maximize the therapeutic opportunities of Wnt signaling for bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Li K, Zhan X, Sun J, Wang T, Dong H, Jing F, Li D, Cao Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Li S. Oldhamianoside II inhibits prostate cancer progression via regulation of EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9457-9463. [PMID: 29805669 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oldhamianoside II is a novel triterpenoidsaponin that can be isolated from the roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana. In vitro and in vivo experiments have revealed that it inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in various types of tumor; however, the exact mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, oldhamianoside II treatment in prostate cancer cells exerted substantial anticancer activity, including decreased cell proliferation and invasion. Mechanistically, oldhamianoside II was found to reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as demonstrated by its induction of E-cadherin and suppression of vimentin and N-cadherin at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, oldhamianoside II treatment upregulated Wnt antagonist expression and promoted the proteasome-mediated degradation of β-catenin to inhibit the activity of β-catenin signaling. In summary, the present study revealed that oldhamianoside II exerts its antitumor effects via the regulation of EMT and β-catenin function, and further supports its potential for use in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhi Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Jingyong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Tianfeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Dong
- Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Fanbo Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong Medical Biotechnological Center, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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21
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Tseng JC, Lin CY, Su LC, Fu HH, Yang SD, Chuu CP. CAPE suppresses migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells via activation of non-canonical Wnt signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38010-38024. [PMID: 27191743 PMCID: PMC5122368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) was the fifth most common cancer overall in the world. More than 80% of patients died from PCa developed bone metastases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a main bioactive component of honeybee hive propolis. Transwell and wound healing assays demonstrated that CAPE treatment suppressed the migration and invasion of PC-3 and DU-145 PCa cells. Gelatin zymography and Western blotting indicated that CAPE treatment reduced the abundance and activity of MMP-9 and MMP-2. Analysis using Micro-Western Array (MWA), a high-throughput antibody-based proteomics platform with 264 antibodies detecting signaling proteins involved in important pathways indicated that CAPE treatment induced receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) in non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway but suppressed abundance of β-catenin, NF-κB activity, PI3K-Akt signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overexpression or knockdown of ROR2 suppressed or enhanced cell migration of PC-3 cells, respectively. TCF-LEF promoter binding assay revealed that CAPE treatment reduced canonical Wnt signaling. Intraperitoneal injection of CAPE reduced the metastasis of PC-3 xenografts in tail vein injection nude mice model. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that CAPE treatment increased abundance of ROR2 and Wnt5a but decreased protein expression of Ki67, Frizzle 4, NF-κB p65, MMP-9, Snail, β-catenin, and phosphorylation of IκBα. Clinical evidences suggested that genes affected by CAPE treatment (CTNNB1, RELA, FZD5, DVL3, MAPK9, SNAl1, ROR2, SMAD4, NFKBIA, DUSP6, and PLCB3) correlate with the aggressiveness of PCa. Our study suggested that CAPE may be a potential therapeutic agent for patients with advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chen Su
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hui Fu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shiaw-Der Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Graduate Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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22
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FZD8, a target of p53, promotes bone metastasis in prostate cancer by activating canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cancer Lett 2017; 402:166-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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23
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Dicitore A, Grassi ES, Borghi MO, Gelmini G, Cantone MC, Gaudenzi G, Persani L, Caraglia M, Vitale G. Antitumor activity of interferon-β1a in hormone refractory prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:761-770. [PMID: 28247216 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) are a class of cytokines that exert several biological activities, such as modulation of cell proliferation and differentiation and of the immune system. Although these cytokines interact with a common receptor complex, IFN-β showed a more potent antitumor activity than IFN-α in several tumor models. New recombinant human IFN-β products, such as IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b, have been produced in order to improve the stability and bioavailability of natural IFN-β. In this report, we analyzed the effects of recombinant IFN-β1a on the cell proliferation of two human androgen-resistant prostate cancer cell lines with neuroendocrine differentiation (DU-145, PC-3) and related mechanisms of action. METHODS The effects of IFN-β1a on the cell growth proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis have been evaluated in DU-145 and PC-3 cells through MTT assay, DNA flow cytometry with propidium iodide, and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Moreover, the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, and PARP was evaluated through Western blotting. RESULTS IFN-β1a showed a significant anti-proliferative activity in both androgen-resistant cell lines. This effect was related to cell cycle perturbation and induction in apoptosis, as shown by flow cytometric analysis, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and PARP cleavage during incubation with IFN-β1a. Moreover, this cytokine reduced the expression of NSE in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant IFN-β1a (Rebif) showed a potent in vitro anti-proliferative activity in androgen-resistant prostate cancer cells, and it could represent a promising tool for the treatment of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dicitore
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - E S Grassi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M O Borghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Laboratory of Immuno-rheumatology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gelmini
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - M C Cantone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gaudenzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Vitale
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (Mi), 20095, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Li Q, Ye L, Guo W, Wang M, Huang S, Peng X. Overexpression of TACC3 is correlated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:872-878. [PMID: 28336437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transforming acidic coiled-coil (TACC3), a member of the TACC family, has been shown to be deregulated in various cancers and involved in tumor progression. However, its biological role and molecular mechanism in prostate cancer (PCa) have not been elucidated. Herein, we reported that TACC3 was markedly upregulated in metastatic PCa. The upregulation of TACC3 was significantly associated with the metastasis status, tumor stage, total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and Gleason score in patients with PCa. Moreover, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with PCa who had high TACC3 expression experienced shorter disease-free survival than patients with a low TACC3 expression. In addition, the knockdown of TACC3 dramatically reduced the migratory speed and invasiveness of PCa cells. Furthermore, silencing TACC3 markedly suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings uncover a supportive role for TACC3 in PCa metastasis, which is mediated by the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting that TACC3 may serve as a prognostic marker in patients with metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiji Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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25
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Farkas SA, Sorbe BG, Nilsson TK. Epigenetic changes as prognostic predictors in endometrial carcinomas. Epigenetics 2016; 12:19-26. [PMID: 27874289 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1252891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most frequent gynecological malignancies of the female. The diagnostic and prognostic markers for the high-risk subgroups with unfavorable prognosis are under intense debate worldwide, and, therefore, the aim of this study was to identify new potential DNA methylation markers for the high-risk groups. We used the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip to analyze the DNA methylation pattern and investigated its association with clinicopathological features important for defining the high-risk (FIGO-grade 3) and low-risk (FIGO-grade 1) groups of patients with endometrial cancer (n = 31 and n = 39, respectively). We identified specific DNA methylation signature in high-risk endometrial tumors, and potential molecular biomarker genes (TBX2, CHST11, and NID2) associated with unfavorable clinical predictive and prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja A Farkas
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Bengt G Sorbe
- b Department of Oncology , University Hospital and Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Torbjörn K Nilsson
- c Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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26
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Thiele S, Rachner TD, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC. WNT5A and Its Receptors in the Bone-Cancer Dialogue. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:1488-96. [PMID: 27355180 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is critical for tumorigenesis and skeletal remodeling. However, its contribution to the formation of metastatic bone lesions remains poorly defined. One major challenge of unraveling its role in cancer progression is the high complexity of Wnt signaling, which includes numerous ligands, receptors, and inhibitors, with intricate biological effects and specific signaling pathways depending on the cellular context. In this perspective, we summarize the role of the noncanonical Wnt ligand WNT5A in the development and metastatic process of osteotropic cancer entities. We focus on its tumor-suppressive function in breast cancer, tumor promoting effects in melanoma, and ambiguous role in prostate cancer, and discuss potential challenges and opportunities that may be associated with targeting Wnt signaling for cancer therapy and treatment of bone metastases. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Thiele
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
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27
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Brown-Clay JD, Shenoy DN, Timofeeva O, Kallakury BV, Nandi AK, Banerjee PP. PBK/TOPK enhances aggressive phenotype in prostate cancer via β-catenin-TCF/LEF-mediated matrix metalloproteinases production and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15594-609. [PMID: 25909225 PMCID: PMC4558173 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A Current challenge in prostate cancer treatment is how to differentiate aggressive disease from indolent prostate cancer. There is an urgent need to identify markers that would accurately distinguish indolent prostate cancer from aggressive disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PDZ Domain-binding kinase (PBK) in prostate cancer and to determine if PBK expression enhances aggressiveness in prostate cancer. Using archival tissue samples, gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies, we show that PBK expression is up-regulated in prostate cancer, and its expression level is commensurate with invasiveness. Modulation of PBK expression and function causally regulates the invasive ability of prostate cancer cells. Production of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, which are key players in metastatic invasion, is up-regulated, and the promoters of these genes are transcriptionally activated by PBK via increased β-catenin-TCF/LEF signaling. Prostate cancer tissue specimens show that PBK's expression correlates with aggressive disease and distant metastasis in bone, lymph node and abdomen. Our in vitro and in situ data are in agreement that PBK could be a prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer that would discriminate aggressive prostate cancer from indolent disease, and is a potential target for the therapeutic intervention of aggressive prostate cancer in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Brown-Clay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deepika N Shenoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Olga Timofeeva
- Departments of Oncology and Radiation Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bhaskar V Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Partha P Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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28
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Zheng L, Jiang H, Zhang ZW, Wang KN, Wang QF, Li QL, Jiang T. Arsenic trioxide inhibits viability and induces apoptosis through reactivating the Wnt inhibitor secreted frizzled related protein-1 in prostate cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:885-94. [PMID: 26966376 PMCID: PMC4770067 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s92129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that arsenic trioxide (As2O3) induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth in prostate cancer (PCa), although details of the mechanism are still inconclusive. We investigated the antitumor effect of As2O3 in human PCa cell lines LNCaP and PC3 and the underlying mechanisms by focusing on the Wnt signaling pathway. Methods The effect of As2O3 on the viability and apoptosis of PCa cells was investigated by cholecystokinin-8 and flow cytometry. The expression of the related proteins in the Wnt signaling pathway and the downstream target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway was examined by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR assay. The methylation status of the SFRP1 gene promoter was assessed by bisulfite sequencing. Results As2O3 inhibited the viability of PCa cells and induced apoptosis of PCa cells in a dose-dependent manner. The protein level of phosphoglycogen synthase kinase-3β was upregulated, whereas the protein level of β-catenin and the mRNA levels of c-MYC, MMP-7, and COX-2 were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner in PCa cells treated with As2O3. In addition, As2O3 upregulated the protein and mRNA levels of secreted frizzled related protein-1, and increased the demethylation of the SFRP1 gene promoter. Conclusion Our results suggest that As2O3 may inhibit cell viability and induce apoptosis through reactivating the Wnt inhibitor secreted frizzled related protein-1 in both androgen-dependent and -independent human PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Nan Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Fei Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-Lin Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: Viewing Signaling Cascades at a Finer Resolution. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:217-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Alternative splicing within the Wnt signaling pathway: role in cancer development. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:1-13. [PMID: 26762488 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt signaling cascade plays a fundamental role in embryonic development, adult tissue regeneration, homeostasis and stem cell maintenance. Abnormal Wnt signaling has been found to be prevalent in various human cancers. Also, a role of Wnt signaling in the regulation of alternative splicing of several cancer-related genes has been established. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests the existence of multiple splice isoforms of Wnt signaling cascade components, including Wnt ligands, receptors, components of the destruction complex and transcription activators/suppressors. The presence of multiple Wnt signaling-related isoforms may affect the functionality of the Wnt pathway, including its deregulation in cancer. As such, specific Wnt pathway isoform components may serve as therapeutic targets or as biomarkers for certain human cancers. Here, we review the role of alternative splicing of Wnt signaling components during the onset and progression of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Splice isoforms of components of the Wnt signaling pathway play distinct roles in cancer development. Isoforms of the same component may function in a tissue- and/or cancer-specific manner. Splice isoform expression analyses along with deregulated Wnt signaling pathway analyses may be of help to design efficient diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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31
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Cancer-Osteoblast Interaction Reduces Sost Expression in Osteoblasts and Up-Regulates lncRNA MALAT1 in Prostate Cancer. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:503-19. [PMID: 27600237 PMCID: PMC4996404 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic interaction between prostate cancer and the bone microenvironment is a major contributor to metastasis of prostate cancer to bone. In this study, we utilized an in vitro co-culture model of PC3 prostate cancer cells and osteoblasts followed by microarray based gene expression profiling to identify previously unrecognized prostate cancer–bone microenvironment interactions. Factors secreted by PC3 cells resulted in the up-regulation of many genes in osteoblasts associated with bone metabolism and cancer metastasis, including Mmp13, Il-6 and Tgfb2, and down-regulation of Wnt inhibitor Sost. To determine whether altered Sost expression in the bone microenvironment has an effect on prostate cancer metastasis, we co-cultured PC3 cells with Sost knockout (SostKO) osteoblasts and wildtype (WT) osteoblasts and identified several genes differentially regulated between PC3-SostKO osteoblast co-cultures and PC3-WT osteoblast co-cultures. Co-culturing PC3 cells with WT osteoblasts up-regulated cancer-associated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in PC3 cells. MALAT1 expression was further enhanced when PC3 cells were co-cultured with SostKO osteoblasts and treatment with recombinant Sost down-regulated MALAT1 expression in these cells. Our results suggest that reduced Sost expression in the tumor microenvironment may promote bone metastasis by up-regulating MALAT1 in prostate cancer.
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32
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Yates TJ, Lopez LE, Lokeshwar SD, Ortiz N, Kallifatidis G, Jordan A, Hoye K, Altman N, Lokeshwar VB. Dietary supplement 4-methylumbelliferone: an effective chemopreventive and therapeutic agent for prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:djv085. [PMID: 25868577 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention and treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) by a nontoxic agent can improve outcome, while maintaining quality of life. 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) is a dietary supplement that inhibits hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis. We evaluated the chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action of 4-MU. METHODS TRAMP mice (7-28 per group) were gavaged with 4-MU (450mg/kg/day) in a stage-specific treatment design (8-28, 12-28, 22-28 weeks). Efficacy of 4-MU (200-450mg/kg/day) was also evaluated in the PC3-ML/Luc(+) intracardiac injection and DU145 subcutaneous models. PCa cells and tissues were analyzed for HA and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)/Akt signaling and apoptosis effectors. HA add-back and myristoylated Akt (mAkt) overexpression studies evaluated the mechanism of action of 4-MU. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and unpaired t test or Tukey's multiple comparison test. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS While vehicle-treated transgenic adenocarcinoma of the prostate (TRAMP) mice developed prostate tumors and metastases at 28 weeks, both were abrogated in treatment groups, without serum/organ toxicity or weight loss; no tumors developed at one year, even after stopping the treatment at 28 weeks. 4-MU did not alter the transgene or neuroendocrine marker expression but downregulated HA levels. However, 4-MU decreased microvessel density and proliferative index (P < .0001,). 4-MU completely prevented/inhibited skeletal metastasis in the PC3-ML/Luc(+) model and DU145-tumor growth (85-90% inhibition, P = .002). 4-MU also statistically significantly downregulated HA receptors, PI-3K/CD44 complex and activity, Akt signaling, and β-catenin levels/activation, but upregulated GSK-3 function, E-cadherin, and apoptosis effectors (P < .001); HA addition or mAkt overexpression rescued these effects. CONCLUSION 4-MU is an effective nontoxic, oral chemopreventive, and therapeutic agent that targets PCa development, growth, and metastasis by abrogating HA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis J Yates
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Luis E Lopez
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Soum D Lokeshwar
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Nicolas Ortiz
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Georgios Kallifatidis
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Andre Jordan
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Kelly Hoye
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Norman Altman
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY)
| | - Vinata B Lokeshwar
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (TJY, AJ, KH), Department of Urology (LEL, NO, GK, VBL), Honors Program in Medical Education (SDL), Department of Pathology (NA), Department of Cell Biology (VBL), Clinical Translational Science Institute (VBL), University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.Current affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (TJY).
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Parashar S, Cheishvili D, Arakelian A, Hussain Z, Tanvir I, Khan HA, Szyf M, Rabbani SA. S-adenosylmethionine blocks osteosarcoma cells proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo: therapeutic and diagnostic clinical applications. Cancer Med 2015; 4:732-44. [PMID: 25619880 PMCID: PMC4430266 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive and highly metastatic form of primary bone cancer affecting young children and adults. Previous studies have shown that hypomethylation of critical genes is driving metastasis. Here, we examine whether hypermethylation treatment can block OS growth and pulmonary metastasis. Human OS cells LM-7 and MG-63 were treated with the ubiquitous methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) or its inactive analog S-adenosylhomocystine (SAH) as control. Treatment with SAM resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, invasion, cell migration, and cell cycle characteristics. Inoculation of cells treated with 150 μmol/L SAM for 6 days into tibia or via intravenous route into Fox Chase severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice resulted in the development of significantly smaller skeletal lesions and a marked reduction in pulmonary metastasis as compared to control groups. Epigenome wide association studies (EWAS) showed differential methylation of several genes involved in OS progression and prominent signaling pathways implicated in bone formation, wound healing, and tumor progression in SAM-treated LM-7 cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis confirmed that SAM treatment blocked the expression of several prometastatic genes and additional genes identified by EWAS analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of normal human bone and tissue array from OS patients showed significantly high levels of expression of one of the identified gene platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFA). These studies provide a possible mechanism for the role of DNA demethylation in the development and metastasis of OS to provide a rationale for the use of hypermethylation therapy for OS patients and identify new targets for monitoring OS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Parashar
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Cheishvili
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ani Arakelian
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Moshe Szyf
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shafaat A Rabbani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zeng XC, Liu FQ, Yan R, Yi HM, Zhang T, Wang GY, Li Y, Jiang N. Downregulation of miR-610 promotes proliferation and tumorigenicity and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:261. [PMID: 25491321 PMCID: PMC4295306 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays important roles in human cancer progression. Better understanding the mechanism underlying regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway might provide novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. METHODS miR-610 expression levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, HCC tissues and 76 archived HCC specimens were determined using real-time PCR. Cell viability was measured by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The level of DNA synthesis was determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Flow cytometry analysis was used to analyze cell cycle progression. The cells proliferation and tumorigenesis were determined by colony formation and anchorage-independent growth assays in vitro, and by xenograft tumors in vivo. Luciferase assay and micro-ribonucleoprotein complex immunoprecipitation assay were used to confirm the association of the targeted mRNAs with miR-610. RESULTS miR-610 was downregulated in human HCC cells and tissues, and correlated with HCC progression and patient survival. Inhibition of miR-610 promoted, but overexpression of miR-610 reduced, HCC cell proliferation and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that inhibiting miR-610 activated, but overexpressing miR-610 decreased, the Wnt/β-catenin activity through directly suppressing lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) and transducin β-like protein 1 (TBL1X). The in vitro analysis was consistent with the inverse correlation detected between miR-610 levels with expression of LRP6 and TBL1X in a cohort of human HCC samples. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that miR-610 downregulation plays essential roles in HCC progression and reduced miR-610 is correlated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tian He Road, Tian He District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 310630, China.
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Wnt/β-catenin pathway in bone cancers. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9439-45. [PMID: 25117074 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway regulates some of the crucial aspects of cellular processes. The beta-catenin dependent Wnt signaling (Wnt/β-catenin) pathway controls the expression of key developmental genes, and acts as an intracellular signal transducer. The association of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is often reported with different cancers. In this study, we have reviewed the association of Wnt/β-catenin pathway with bone cancers, focusing on carcinogenesis and therapeutic aspects. Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a highly complex and unique signaling pathway, which has ability to regulate gene expression, cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation for the initiation and progression of bone cancers, especially osteosarcoma. Association of Wnt/β-catenin pathway with chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma and chondroma is also documented. Recently, targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway has gained significant interests as a potential therapeutic application for the treatment of bone cancers. Small RNA technology to knockdown aberrant Wnt/β-catenin or inhibition of β-catenin expression by natural component has shown promising effects against bone cancers. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of Wnt signaling and new technologies have facilitated the discovery of agents that can target and regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and these may provide a basement for the innovative therapeutic approaches in the treatment of bone cancers.
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