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Baquero J, Tang XH, Ferrotta A, Zhang T, DiKun KM, Gudas LJ. The transcription factor BMI1 increases hypoxic signaling in oral cavity epithelia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167161. [PMID: 38599260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The tongue epithelium is maintained by a proliferative basal layer. This layer contains long-lived stem cells (SCs), which produce progeny cells that move up to the surface as they differentiate. B-lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (BMI1), a protein in mammalian Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and a biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma, is expressed in almost all basal epithelial SCs of the tongue, and single, Bmi1-labelled SCs give rise to cells in all epithelial layers. We previously developed a transgenic mouse model (KrTB) containing a doxycycline- (dox) controlled, Tet-responsive element system to selectively overexpress Bmi1 in the tongue basal epithelial SCs. Here, we used this model to assess BMI1 actions in tongue epithelia. Genome-wide transcriptomics revealed increased levels of transcripts involved in the cellular response to hypoxia in Bmi1-overexpressing (KrTB+DOX) oral epithelia even though these mice were not subjected to hypoxia conditions. Ectopic Bmi1 expression in tongue epithelia increased the levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) and HIF1α targets linked to metabolic reprogramming during hypoxia. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to demonstrate that Bmi1 associates with the promoters of HIF1A and HIF1A-activator RELA (p65) in tongue epithelia. We also detected increased SC proliferation and oxidative stress in Bmi1-overexpressing tongue epithelia. Finally, using a human oral keratinocyte line (OKF6-TERT1R), we showed that ectopic BMI1 overexpression decreases the oxygen consumption rate while increasing the extracellular acidification rate, indicative of elevated glycolysis. Thus, our data demonstrate that high BMI1 expression drives hypoxic signaling, including metabolic reprogramming, in normal oral cavity epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Baquero
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annalisa Ferrotta
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Weill Cornell Genomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Krysta M DiKun
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Yang R, Zhang S, Wang L, Chen Y, Chen X, Xia J, Ren X, Cheng B, Chen X. Radiation-induced exosomes promote oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via enhancing SLC1A5-glutamine metabolism. J Oral Pathol Med 2024. [PMID: 38802300 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) can drive cancer cells to enter a state of cellular senescence in which cells can secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and produce small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to interact with cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-derived sEVs that are taken up by recipient cells contribute to cancer cell metabolic plasticity, resistance to anticancer therapy, and adaptation to the TME. However, how radiation-induced sEVs support oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression remains unclear. METHODS Beta-galactosidase staining and SASP mRNA expression analysis were used to evaluate the senescence-associated activity of OSCC cells after irradiation. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was performed to identify radiation-induced sEVs. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to explore changes in the levels of proteins in radiation-induced sEVs. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were performed to investigate the function of radiation-induced SASP and sEVs in vitro. A xenograft tumor model was established to investigate the functions of radiation-induced sEVs and V-9302 in vivo as well as the underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the relationship between glutamine metabolism and OSCC recurrence. RESULTS We determined that the radiation-induced SASP triggered OSCC cell proliferation. Additionally, radiation-induced sEVs exacerbated OSCC cell malignancy. LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics analyses revealed that SLC1A5, which is a cellular receptor that participates in glutamine uptake, was significantly enriched in radiation-induced sEVs. In vitro and in vivo, inhibiting SLC1A5 could block the oncogenic effects of radiation-induced sEVs in OSCC. CONCLUSION Radiation-induced sEVs might promote the proliferation of unirradiated cancer cells by enhancing glutamine metabolism; this might be a novel molecular mechanism underlying radiation resistance in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchun Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixuan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianyue Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang L, Wang S, Zhang J, Peng J, Cheng B, Li H, Hu Q. Radiotherapy upregulated immune checkpoints contribute to the development of second primary OSCC. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2188-2201. [PMID: 37213085 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radiation injury is common after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radiotherapy can reshape the immune microenvironment and cause immunosuppression, including dysregulation of immune checkpoints (ICs). However, the relationship between oral ICs expression after radiation and the development of second primary tumors is unclear. METHODS Clinical specimens of second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy (s-OSCC) and primary OSCC (p-OSCC) were collected. The expression and prognostic value of PD-1, VISTA, and TIM-3 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. To further clarify the relationship between radiation and ICs alteration, a rat model was constructed to explore the spatiotemporal changes of ICs in the oral mucosa after radiation. RESULTS In carcinoma tissue, the expression of TIM-3 was higher in s-OSCC than in p-OSCC, while the expression of PD-1 and VISTA was similar between the groups. In para-carcinoma tissue, the expression of PD-1, VISTA, and TIM-3 was higher in s-OSCC. High ICs expression was associated with poor survival. In the rat model, ICs were locally upregulated in the irradiated tongue. Moreover, there was a bystander effect, in which the ICs were also upregulated in the unirradiated site. CONCLUSION Radiation may upregulate ICs expression in oral mucosa and contribute to the development of s-OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Peng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinchao Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Jianmin P, Qinchao H, Chunyang W, Jiayu Z, Siyu W, Li W, Juan X, Bin C. Depletion of Gr1+ myeloid cells attenuates high-fat-diet-aggravated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in mice. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:587-595. [PMID: 37352409 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of multiple cancers, but whether it promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its underlying cancer-promoting mechanism remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on ESCC and explore the role and mechanism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in HFD-induced ESCC, C57BL/6J mice were treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) to induce ESCC and randomly assigned to an HFD or a normal-fat diet. An anti-Gr1 monoclonal antibody was used to deplete MDSCs in the context of experimental diets and ESCC induction. The expression of MDSC markers CD11b and Gr1 and immune checkpoints (ICs) PD1, TIM3, and VISTA in lesions were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between myeloid cell markers (CD11b and CD33) and ICs and their relationship with ESCC patient prognosis were further analyzed using the The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. The results showed that HFD accelerated esophageal carcinogenesis, induced MDSC expansion, and upregulated IC expression, whereas depletion of Gr1+ myeloid cells significantly suppressed tumor growth, decreased the number of MDSCs, and downregulated IC expression in HFD mice. PD1, TIM3, and VISTA expressions were positively correlated with myeloid cell marker expression in human ESCC. Moreover, the high expression of IC molecules was associated with poor survival in patients with ESCC. These data indicate that HFD promotes the initiation and development of ESCC. Gr1+ myeloid cell targeting significantly inhibited ESCC formation in HFD mice, which may be associated with IC downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jianmin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Qinchao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Chunyang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Jiayu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Siyu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Juan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Bin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Badwelan M, Muaddi H, Ahmed A, Lee KT, Tran SD. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Concomitant Primary Tumors, What Do We Know? A Review of the Literature. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:3721-3734. [PMID: 37185396 PMCID: PMC10136780 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30040283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is among the top ten cancers worldwide, with most lesions in the oral cavity. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 90% of all oral malignancies and is a significant public health concern. Patients with OSCC are at increased risk for developing concomitant tumors, especially in the oral cavity, due to widely genetically susceptible mucosa to carcinogenic factors. Based on fulfilling specific criteria, these concomitant tumors can be called second primary tumors (SPTs), which can be further categorized into metachronous and synchronous tumors. This research reviews the literature that investigated the concurrent OSCC with second or multiple primaries to improve understanding of the definition, classification guidelines, and its effect on cancer survival. It also highlights the current investigation methods, the variation of standard treatment approaches due to such a phenomenon, and preventive measures discussed in the literature.
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Saproo S, Sarkar SS, Gautam V, Konyak CW, Dass G, Karmakar A, Sharma M, Ahuja G, Gupta A, Tayal J, Mehta A, Naidu S. Salivary protein kinase C alpha and novel microRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic resistance markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Indian cohorts. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1106963. [PMID: 36703917 PMCID: PMC9871261 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in India. Tobacco, alcohol, poor oral hygiene, and socio-economic factors remain causative for this high prevalence. Identification of non-invasive diagnostic markers tailored for Indian population can facilitate mass screening to reduce overall disease burden. Saliva offers non-invasive sampling and hosts a plethora of markers for OSCC diagnosis. Here, to capture the OSCC-specific salivary RNA markers suitable for Indian population, we performed RNA-sequencing of saliva from OSCC patients (n = 9) and normal controls (n = 5). Differential gene expression analysis detected an array of salivary RNAs including mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, transfer-RNAs, and microRNAs specific to OSCC. Computational analysis and functional predictions identified protein kinase c alpha (PRKCA), miR-6087, miR-449b-5p, miR-3656, miR-326, miR-146b-5p, and miR-497-5p as potential salivary indicators of OSCC. Notably, higher expression of PRKCA, miR-6087 and miR-449b-5p were found to be associated with therapeutic resistance and poor survival, indicating their prognostic potential. In addition, sequencing reads that did not map to the human genome, showed alignments with microbial reference genomes. Metagenomic and statistical analysis of these microbial reads revealed a remarkable microbial dysbiosis between OSCC patients and normal controls. Moreover, the differentially abundant microbial taxa showed a significant association with tumor promoting pathways including inflammation and oxidative stress. Summarily, we provide an integrated landscape of OSCC-specific salivary RNAs relevant to Indian population which can be instrumental in devising non-invasive diagnostics for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetanshu Saproo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shashanka S. Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishakha Gautam
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology- Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Chingmei W. Konyak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Gouri Dass
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Arpita Karmakar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Mansi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Ahuja
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology- Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Anand Gupta
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Juhi Tayal
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Srivatsava Naidu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India,*Correspondence: Srivatsava Naidu,
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Kim SI, Woo SR, Noh JK, Lee MK, Lee YC, Lee JW, Kong M, Ko SG, Eun YG. Association between cancer stem cell gene expression signatures and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1077. [PMID: 36261806 PMCID: PMC9583594 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various cancer stem cell (CSC) biomarkers and the genes encoding them in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have been identified and evaluated. However, the validity of these factors in the prognosis of HNSCC has been questioned and remains unclear. In this study, we examined the clinical significance of CSC biomarker genes in HNSCC, using five publicly available HNSCC cohorts. Methods To predict the prognosis of patients with HNSCC, we developed and validated the expression signatures of CSC biomarker genes whose mRNA expression levels correlated with at least one of the four CSC genes (CD44, MET, ALDH1A1, and BMI1). Results Patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC cohort were classified into CSC gene expression-associated high-risk (CSC-HR; n = 285) and CSC gene expression-associated low-risk (CSC-LR; n = 281) subgroups. The 5-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were significantly lower in the CSC-HR subgroup than in the CSC-LR subgroup (p = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). The clinical significance of the CSC gene expression signature was validated using four independent cohorts. Analysis using Cox proportional hazards models showed that the CSC gene expression signature was an independent prognostic factor of non-oropharyngeal HNSCC which mostly indicates HPV (–) status. Furthermore, the CSC gene expression signature was associated with the prognosis of HNSCC patients who received radiotherapy. Conclusion The CSC gene expression signature is associated with the prognosis of HNSCC and may help in personalized treatments for patients with HNSCC, especially in cases with HPV (–) status who were classified in more detail. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10184-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Il Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Seon Rang Woo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Joo Kyung Noh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chan Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moonkyoo Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Lung & Head and Neck Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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Peng J, Hu Q, Chen X, Wang C, Zhang J, Ren X, Wang Y, Tao X, Li H, Song M, Cheng B, Wu T, Xia J. Diet-induced obesity accelerates oral carcinogenesis by recruitment and functional enhancement of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:946. [PMID: 34650054 PMCID: PMC8516872 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although obesity has been associated with an increased risk and aggressiveness of many types of carcinoma, whether it promotes squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear. To reveal the role of obesity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation and development, we used 4NQO-induced OSCC model mice to examine the impact of dietary obesity on carcinogenesis. The results showed that high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity significantly promoted the incidence of OSCC and altered the local immune microenvironment with the expansion of CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The underlying mechanism that induced an immunosuppressive local microenvironment in obesity was the recruitment of MDSCs through the CCL9/CCR1 axis and enhancement of MDSC immunosuppressive function via intracellular fatty acid uptake. Furthermore, clinical samples verified the increase in infiltrated CD33+ (a marker of human MDSCs) cells in obese OSCC patients, and data from the TCGA dataset confirmed that CD33 expression was positively correlated with local adipocytes in OSCC. Survival analysis showed that enrichment of adipocytes and high expression of CD33 were associated with poor prognosis in OSCC patients. Strikingly, depletion of MDSCs significantly ameliorated HFD-promoted carcinogenesis in 4NQO-induced model mice. These findings indicate that obesity is also an important risk factor for OSCC, and cancer immunotherapy, especially targeting MDSCs, may exhibit greater antitumor efficacy in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Peng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinchao Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianyue Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tong Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kang Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y. MicroRNA‑198 suppresses tumour growth and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting CDK4. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:39. [PMID: 33982769 PMCID: PMC8121097 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miR) often contribute to the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) via the regulation of mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR‑198 in OSCC pathogenesis and explore the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q)PCR was performed to determine miR‑198 expression in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to evaluate the survival of patients with OSCC. The effects of miR‑198 on OSCC cell lines were studied in vitro and in vivo. A set of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were detected to determine whether miR‑198 was involved in EMT. Lastly, using luciferase assays, a novel target of miR‑198 was identified and the effect of the new target gene of miR‑198 on cell proliferation and invasion was also studied. It was identified that miR‑198 expression was decreased in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and low expression of miR‑198 was associated with poor overall survival and disease‑free survival. Overexpression of miR‑198 appeared to significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and EMT of OSCC cells. Moreover, the luciferase assay results showed that miR‑198 interacted with cyclin‑dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) by directly targeting the miRNA‑binding site in the CDK4 sequence, and RT‑qPCR results showed that CDK4 expression was increased in OSCC tissues and cell lines. In addition, transfection of small interfering RNA against CDK4 in OSCC cells showed similar inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, invasion and EMT, whereas CDK4 overexpression in OSCC cells partially reversed the inhibitory effects of the miR‑198 mimic. The present results indicated that miR‑198 suppressed OSCC tumour growth and metastasis by directly targeting CDK4 expression. Thus, miR‑198 may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Kang
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
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10
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Song H, Yang R, Wu K, Lou C, Xiao M, Guo W, Ren G. Second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:2747-2754. [PMID: 35116585 PMCID: PMC8797445 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Methods The clinicopathological characteristics of 48 second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with a history of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer were retrospectively analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model, including gender, age, alcohol consumption, smoking, clinical stage, margin status, regional lymph node status, tumor differentiation and treatment mode. Results The second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma mostly occurred on the tongue [18/48], buccal [12/48] and gingiva [10/48], and the 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 60.3% and 39.4%, respectively. Margin status and extranodal extension were significantly associated with OS, while only margin status was found to be an independent prognostic factor of OS in the Cox proportional hazards model (P=0.003, HR =3.976, 95% CI: 1.596–9.904). Conclusions Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients underwent radiotherapy for head and neck cancer show poor survival outcomes. Margin status is an independent prognostic factor of second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ranran Yang
- Department of stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kailiu Wu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxin Ren
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Hu Q, Peng J, Jiang L, Li W, Su Q, Zhang J, Li H, Song M, Cheng B, Xia J, Wu T. Metformin as a senostatic drug enhances the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:925. [PMID: 33116117 PMCID: PMC7595194 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CDK4/6 inhibitors show promising antitumor activity in a variety of solid tumors; however, their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) requires further investigation. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors has dual effects on cancer treatment. The need to address the SASP is a serious challenge in the clinical application of CDK4/6 inhibitors. We investigated whether metformin can act as a senostatic drug to modulate the SASP and enhance the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in HNSCC. In this study, the efficacy of a combination of the CDK4/6 inhibitor LY2835219 and metformin in HNSCC was investigated in in vitro assays, an HSC6 xenograft model, and a patient-derived xenograft model. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, antibody array, sphere-forming assay, and in vivo tumorigenesis assay were used to detect the impacts of metformin on the senescence and SASP induced by LY2835219. We found that LY2835219 combined with metformin synergistically inhibited HNSCC by inducing cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. Metformin significantly modulated the profiles of the SASP elicited by LY2835219 by inhibiting the mTOR and stat3 pathways. The LY2835219-induced SASP resulted in upregulation of cancer stemness, while this phenomenon can be attenuated when combined with metformin. Furthermore, results showed that the stemness inhibition by metformin was associated with blockade of the IL6-stat3 axis. Survival analysis demonstrated that overexpression of IL6 and stemness markers was associated with poor survival in HNSCC patients, indicating that including metformin to target these proteins might improve patient prognosis. Collectively, our data suggest that metformin can act as a senostatic drug to enhance the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors by reprogramming the profiles of the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinchao Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Peng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laibo Jiang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuguo Li
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Su
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Mroueh R, Nevala A, Haapaniemi A, Pitkäniemi J, Salo T, Mäkitie AA. Risk of second primary cancer in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2020; 42:1848-1858. [PMID: 32057158 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients have increased in recent years. Understanding their long-term survival aspects is essential for optimal treatment and follow-up planning. Almost one in five cancers diagnosed occurs nowadays in individuals with a previous diagnosis of cancer. METHODS Patients diagnosed with primary OSCC during 1953-2015 were retrieved from the Finnish Cancer Registry. Both standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and excess absolute risk (EAR) per 1000 person-years at risk (PYR) of second primary cancer (SPC) were calculated relative to the general population. RESULTS Among 6602 first primary OSCC patients there were 640 (10%) SPCs. The SIR for SPCs was 1.85 (95% CI: 1.71-1.99, P < .001) corresponding to an EAR of 8.78 (95% CI: 7.29-10.26). CONCLUSIONS Health care professionals should be aware of the second primary cancer risk after management of primary OSCC and patients need to be counseled about this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Mroueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Pitkäniemi
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Unit, University of Oulu, Medical Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Cancer Stem Cells and Oral Carcinogenesis; a Review Article. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.96139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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