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You S, Xu J, Guo Y, Guo X, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Sun G, Sun Y. E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP2 as a promising therapeutic target for diverse human diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 96:101257. [PMID: 38430667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian E3 ubiquitin ligases have emerged in recent years as critical regulators of cellular homeostasis due to their roles in targeting substrate proteins for ubiquitination and triggering subsequent downstream signals. In this review, we describe the multiple roles of WWP2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase with unique and important functions in regulating a wide range of biological processes, including DNA repair, gene expression, signal transduction, and cell-fate decisions. As such, WWP2 has evolved to play a key role in normal physiology and diseases, such as tumorigenesis, skeletal development and diseases, immune regulation, cardiovascular disease, and others. We attempt to provide an overview of the biochemical, physiological, and pathophysiological roles of WWP2, as well as open questions for future research, particularly in the context of putative therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong You
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yushan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Advanced Reproductive Medicine and Fertility, National Health Commission, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Wang M, Pang Z, Wang Y, Cui M, Yao L, Li S, Wang M, Zheng Y, Sun X, Dong H, Zhang Q, Xu Y. An Immune Model to Predict Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Based on Support Vector Machine. Front Oncol 2021; 11:651809. [PMID: 33987087 PMCID: PMC8111218 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment has been increasingly proved to be crucial during the development of breast cancer. The theory about the conversion of cold and hot tumor attracted the attention to the influences of traditional therapeutic strategies on immune system. Various genetic models have been constructed, although the relation between immune system and local microenvironment still remains unclear. In this study, we tested and collected the immune index of 262 breast cancer patients before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Five indexes were selected and analyzed to form the prediction model, including the ratio values between after and before neoadjuvant chemotherapy of CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio; lymphosum of T, B, and natural killer (NK) cells; CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T cell percent; CD16+CD56+ NK cell absolute value; and CD3+CD4+ helper T cell percent. Interestingly, these characters are both the ratio value of immune status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to the baseline. Then the prediction model was constructed by support vector machine (accuracy rate = 75.71%, area under curve = 0.793). Beyond the prognostic effect and prediction significance, the study instead emphasized the importance of immune status in traditional systemic therapies. The result provided new evidence that the dynamic change of immune status during neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be paid more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingke Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Litong Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanfu Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wu G, Xue M, Zhao Y, Han Y, Zhang S, Zhang J, Li C, Xu J. Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with increased colorectal cancer mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20201008. [PMID: 32686830 PMCID: PMC7391129 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested inconclusive associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess these associations. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for eligible studies. Subgroup analyses based on study geographic location, publication year, length of follow-up time, sample size, and stage were conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Dose-response relationships and pooled hazard ratios (HR) for overall and CRC-specific survival comparing the highest versus the lowest categories of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were assessed. Overall, 17 original studies with a total of 17,770 CRC patients were included. Pooled HR (95% confidence intervals) comparing highest versus lowest categories were 0.64 (0.55-0.72) and 0.65 (0.56-0.73) for overall and CRC-specific survival, respectively. Studies conducted in the U.S.A., with median follow-up time ≥ 8 years, larger sample size, and including stage I-III patients showed a more prominent association between 25(OH)D concentrations and overall survival. The dose-response analysis showed that the risk of all-cause mortality was reduced by 7% (HR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.90, 0.95), and the risk of CRC-specific mortality was reduced by 12% (HR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.93) for each 20 nmol/l increment of 25(OH)D concentration. This meta-analysis provides evidences that a higher 25(OH)D concentration is associated with lower overall mortality and CRC-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghai Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Mei Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Youkui Han
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Judong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
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Chen Q, Gao P, Song Y, Huang X, Xiao Q, Chen X, Lv X, Wang Z. Predicting the effect of 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy on colorectal cancer recurrence: A model using gene expression profiles. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3043-3056. [PMID: 32150672 PMCID: PMC7196071 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is critical to identify patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC) who will benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) after curative surgery, while the only use of clinical factors is insufficient to predict this beneficial effect. In this study, we performed genetic algorithm (GA) to select ACT candidate genes, and built a predictive model of support vector machine (SVM) using gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The model contained four ACT candidate genes (EDEM1, MVD, SEMA5B, and WWP2) and TNM stage (stage II or III). After using Subpopulation Treatment Effect Pattern Plot to determine the optimal cutoff value of predictive scores, the validated patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database can be divided into the predictive ACT-benefit/-futile groups. Patients in the predictive ACT-benefit group with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-based ACT had significantly longer relapse-free survival (RFS) compared to those without ACT (P = .015); However, the difference in RFS in the predictive ACT-futile group was insignificant (P = .596). The multivariable analysis found that the predictive groups were significantly associated with the effect of ACT (Pinteraction = .011). Consequently, we developed a predictive model based on the SVM and GA algorithm which was further validated to define patients who benefit from ACT on recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Xuanzhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Qiong Xiao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Xiaowan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Xinger Lv
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal TumorsMinistry of EducationThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
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