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Hinchcliff EM, Knisely A, Adjei N, Fellman B, Yuan Y, Patel A, Xu C, Westin SN, Sood AK, Soliman PT, Shafer A, Fleming ND, Gershenson DM, Vikram R, Bathala T, Vining D, Ganeshan DM, Lu KH, Sun CC, Meyer LA, Jazaeri AA. Randomized phase 2 trial of tremelimumab and durvalumab in combination versus sequentially in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Cancer 2024; 130:1061-1071. [PMID: 38009662 PMCID: PMC11267492 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated limited responses in recurrent ovarian cancer; however, 30%-40% of patients achieve stable disease. The primary objective was to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) after sequential versus combination cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed death ligand 1 ICIs in patients with platinum-resistant high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). METHODS Patients were randomized to a sequential arm (tremelimumab followed by durvalumab on progression) or a combination arm (tremelimumab plus durvalumab, followed by durvalumab) via a Bayesian adaptive design that made it more likely for patients to be randomized to the more effective arm. The primary end point was immune-related PFS (irPFS). RESULTS Sixty-one subjects were randomized to sequential (n = 38) or combination therapy (n = 23). Thirteen patients (34.2%) in the sequential arm received durvalumab. There was no difference in PFS in the sequential arm (1.84 months; 95% CI, 1.77-2.17 months) compared with the combination arm (1.87 months; 95% CI, 1.77-2.43 months) (p = .402). In the sequential arm, no responses were observed, although 12 patients (31.6%) demonstrated stable disease. In the combination arm, two patients (8.7%) had partial response, whereas one patient (4.4%) had stable disease. Adverse events were consistent with those previously reported for ICIs. Patient-reported outcomes were similar in both arms. CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in irPFS for combination tremelimumab plus durvalumab compared to tremelimumab alone (administered as part of a sequential treatment strategy) in a heavily pretreated population of patients with platinum-resistant HGSOC. Response rates were comparable to prior reports, although the combination regimen did not add significant benefit, as has been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Hinchcliff
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Anne Knisely
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Naomi Adjei
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bryan Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ami Patel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Cai Xu
- Department of Symptom Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shannon N. Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Pamela T. Soliman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Aaron Shafer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nicole D. Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - David M. Gershenson
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - David Vining
- Department of Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Charlotte C. Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Larissa A. Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amir A. Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Kwak HV, Banks KC, Hung YY, Alcasid NJ, Susai CJ, Patel A, Ashiku S, Velotta JB. Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Curative Intent Esophageal Cancer Resection Patients: Real-World Experience within an Integrated Health System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5317. [PMID: 38001577 PMCID: PMC10669669 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant immunotherapy has been shown in clinical trials to prolong the survival of patients with esophageal cancer. We report our initial experience with immunotherapy within an integrated health system. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed reviewing patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy at our institution between 2017 and 2021. The immunotherapy cohort was assessed for completion of treatment, adverse effects, and disease progression, with emphasis on patients who received surgery in 2021 and their eligibility to receive nivolumab. RESULTS There were 39 patients who received immunotherapy and 137 patients who did not. In logistic regression, immunotherapy was not found to have a statistically significant impact on 1-year overall survival after adjusting for age and receipt of adjuvant chemoradiation. Only seven patients out of 39 who received immunotherapy successfully completed treatment (18%), with the majority failing therapy due to disease progression or side effects. Of the 17 patients eligible for nivolumab, 13 patients received it (76.4%), and three patients completed a full course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Despite promising findings of adjuvant immunotherapy improving the survival of patients with esophageal cancer, real-life practice varies greatly from clinical trials. We found that the majority of patients were unable to complete immunotherapy regimens with no improvement in overall 1-year survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjee V. Kwak
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco-East Bay, 1411 E 31st Street, QIC 22134, Oakland, CA 94602, USA; (K.C.B.); (N.J.A.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Kian C. Banks
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco-East Bay, 1411 E 31st Street, QIC 22134, Oakland, CA 94602, USA; (K.C.B.); (N.J.A.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Yun-Yi Hung
- Biostatistical Consulting Unit, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA;
| | - Nathan J. Alcasid
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco-East Bay, 1411 E 31st Street, QIC 22134, Oakland, CA 94602, USA; (K.C.B.); (N.J.A.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Cynthia J. Susai
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco-East Bay, 1411 E 31st Street, QIC 22134, Oakland, CA 94602, USA; (K.C.B.); (N.J.A.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Ashish Patel
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 3600 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; (A.P.); (S.A.); (J.B.V.)
| | - Simon Ashiku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 3600 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; (A.P.); (S.A.); (J.B.V.)
| | - Jeffrey B. Velotta
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 3600 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; (A.P.); (S.A.); (J.B.V.)
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, 533 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, 98 S Los Robles Ave, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
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Kim Y, Gilbert MR, Armstrong TS, Celiku O. Clinical outcome assessment trends in clinical trials-Contrasting oncology and non-oncology trials. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16945-16957. [PMID: 37421295 PMCID: PMC10501237 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical outcome assessments (COAs) are key to patient-centered evaluation of novel interventions and supportive care. COAs are particularly informative in oncology where a focus on how patients feel and function is paramount, but their incorporation in trial outcomes have lagged that of traditional survival and tumor responses. To understand the trends of COA use in oncology and the impact of landmark efforts to promote COA use, we computationally surveyed oncology clinical trials in ClinicalTrials.gov comparing them to the rest of the clinical research landscape. METHODS Oncology trials were identified using medical subject heading neoplasm terms. Trials were searched for COA instrument names obtained from PROQOLID. Regression analyses assessed chronological and design-related trends. RESULTS Eighteen percent of oncology interventional trials initiated 1985-2020 (N = 35,415) reported using one or more of 655 COA instruments. Eighty-four percent of the COA-using trials utilized patient-reported outcomes, with other COA categories used in 4-27% of these trials. Likelihood of COA use increased with progressing trial phase (OR = 1.30, p < 0.001), randomization (OR = 2.32, p < 0.001), use of data monitoring committees (OR = 1.26, p < 0.001), study of non-FDA-regulated interventions (OR = 1.23, p = 0.001), and in supportive care versus treatment-focused trials (OR = 2.94, p < 0.001). Twenty-six percent of non-oncology trials initiated 1985-2020 (N = 244,440) reported COA use; they had similar COA-use predictive factors as oncology trials. COA use increased linearly over time (R = 0.98, p < 0.001), with significant increases following several individual regulatory events. CONCLUSION While COA use across clinical research has increased over time, there remains a need to further promote COA use particularly in early phase and treatment-focused oncology trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Kim
- Neuro‐Oncology BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Mark R. Gilbert
- Neuro‐Oncology BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Terri S. Armstrong
- Neuro‐Oncology BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Orieta Celiku
- Neuro‐Oncology BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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Malone E, Barua R, Meti N, Li X, Fazelzad R, Hansen AR. Quality of patient-reported outcomes in oncology clinical trials using immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5031-5040. [PMID: 34184416 PMCID: PMC8335827 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are limited data regarding the quality of patient‐reported outcome (PRO) data in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) clinical trial publications. Methods A systematic search of citations from various databases was conducted to identify prospective clinical trials involving ICI in advanced tumors from 2003 to 2020. A 30‐point score was adapted from the CONSORT PRO extension statement to assess adherence to CONSORT PRO reporting. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with quality reporting. Results After the review of 8058 articles, 33 trials were included with ICIs as either monotherapy (91%) or part of a combination regimen (9%). The median score was 23.5 points (range 15–29). In the majority of cases (82%), PROs were reported in a separate publication from the original study. Most of the trials were conducted in the metastatic setting and predominantly in melanoma, lung, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (73%). Univariate analysis revealed that trials with greater than 250 patients were associated with a higher score. The score was more likely to be lower in disease sites other than melanoma, lung, and RCC and was higher in the KEYNOTE than in the CHECKMATE trial series. There was no significant correlation between the score and whether a trial met its primary end‐point or if the trial improved or worsened the quality of life. In the multivariate analysis, the number of patients enrolled to the trial, disease site, and trial series remained significant. Conclusions The quality of reporting of PROs in ICI phase II and III clinical trials is heterogeneous across various cancer sites. As PRO data are increasingly used to counsel patients and complement clinical decision making, innovative and collaborative efforts are required to improve the reporting of these essential data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoghan Malone
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reeta Barua
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Xuan Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rouhi Fazelzad
- Library and Information Services, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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