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Liao NQ, Deng ZJ, Wei W, Lu JH, Li MJ, Ma L, Chen QF, Zhong JH. Deep learning of pretreatment multiphase CT images for predicting response to lenvatinib and immune checkpoint inhibitors in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:247-257. [PMID: 38617891 PMCID: PMC11015163 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Combination therapy of lenvatinib and immune checkpoint inhibitors (CLICI) has emerged as a promising approach for managing unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the response to such treatment is observed in only a subset of patients, underscoring the pressing need for reliable methods to identify potential responders. Materials & methods This was a retrospective analysis involving 120 patients with unresectable HCC. They were divided into training (n = 72) and validation (n = 48) cohorts. We developed an interpretable deep learning model using multiphase computed tomography (CT) images to predict whether patients will respond or not to CLICI treatment, based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1). We evaluated the models' performance and analyzed the impact of each CT phase. Critical regions influencing predictions were identified and visualized through heatmaps. Results The multiphase model outperformed the best biphase and uniphase models, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.802 (95% CI = 0.780-0.824). The portal phase images were found to significantly enhance the model's predictive accuracy. Heatmaps identified six critical features influencing treatment response, offering valuable insights to clinicians. Additionally, we have made this model accessible via a web server at http://uhccnet.com/ for ease of use. Conclusions The integration of multiphase CT images with deep learning-generated heatmaps for predicting treatment response provides a robust and practical tool for guiding CLICI therapy in patients with unresectable HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Qing Liao
- School of Medical, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Zhu-Jian Deng
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Radiology Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jia-Hui Lu
- School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Min-Jun Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Qing-Feng Chen
- School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhong
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Zhang X, Yao J, Xie M, Liang Y, Lin X, Song J, Bao X, Ma X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Han W, Pan L, Xue X. Tertiary lymphoid structures as potential biomarkers for cancer prediction and prognosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112790. [PMID: 39088920 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphocyte aggregates formed in non-lymphoid tissues, including cancers, and are loci for the generation of in situ anti-tumor immune responses, which play a crucial role in cancer control. The state of TLS presence in cancer and its composition can significantly impact the treatment response and prognosis of patients. TLSs have the potential to serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying TLS formation in cancer and how the essential components of TLSs affect cancer are not fully understood. In this review, we summarized TLS formation in cancer, the value of the TLS in different states of existence, and its key constituents for cancer prediction and prognosis. Finally, we discussed the impact of cancer treatment on TLSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Mei Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100835, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xuwen Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jialin Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xidong Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710038, China
| | - Yinguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100835, China
| | - Wenya Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Xinying Xue
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
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3
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Zhao L, Jin S, Wang S, Zhang Z, Wang X, Chen Z, Wang X, Huang S, Zhang D, Wu H. Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:225. [PMID: 39198425 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are defined as lymphoid aggregates formed in non-hematopoietic organs under pathological conditions. Similar to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), the formation of TLSs relies on the interaction between lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells, involving multiple cytokines. Heterogeneity is a distinguishing feature of TLSs, which may lead to differences in their functions. Growing evidence suggests that TLSs are associated with various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, chronic inflammation, infection, and even ageing. However, the detailed mechanisms behind these clinical associations are not yet fully understood. The mechanisms by which TLS maturation and localization affect immune function are also unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the understanding of TLS development and function at the cellular and molecular level, which may allow us to utilize them to improve the immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the composition, formation mechanism, associations with diseases, and potential therapeutic applications of TLSs. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of TLSs, such as their role as markers of therapeutic response and prognosis. Finally, we summarize various methods for detecting and targeting TLSs. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of TLSs and aim to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Yang F, Yang J, Wu M, Chen C, Chu X. Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394505. [PMID: 39026662 PMCID: PMC11254617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy shows substantial advancement in cancer and is becoming widely used in clinical practice. A variety of biomarkers have been proposed to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy, but most of them have low predictive ability. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), the aggregation of multiple lymphocytes, have been found to exist in various tumor tissues. TLSs have been shown to correlate with patient prognosis and immunotherapy response. This review summarizes the characteristics of TLSs and the inducing factors of TLS formation, presents available evidence on the role of TLSs in predicting immunotherapy response in different cancers, and lastly emphasizes their predictive potential for neoadjuvant immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahe Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Hu L, Li X, Yang C, Zhou B, Du C, Jiang N. Prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structures in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1390938. [PMID: 38887293 PMCID: PMC11180782 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1390938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple investigations and scholarly articles have presented compelling evidence indicating that tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) play a pivotal role in inhibiting and controlling the advancement of tumors. While there is an abundance of information highlighting the importance of TLS in different cancer types, their prognostic significance specifically in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancers remains unclear. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to explore the prognostic relevance of TLS in HCC. Methods We conducted a thorough search across four databases, namely Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, to identify pertinent studies. The search utilized the keywords "tertiary lymphoid structures" and "hepatocellular carcinoma." The primary outcomes of interest encompassed overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), early recurrence, and late recurrence. The statistical effect size for these measures was expressed in terms of hazard ratios (HR). Results Six studies were incorporated into the analysis. Among them, four studies, encompassing 6 datasets and involving 1490 patients, and three studies, comprising 5 datasets and involving 656 patients, respectively, investigated the correlation between intratumoral and peritumoral TLSs and the prognosis in HCC patients. The meta-analysis revealed that the presence of intratumoral TLSs is linked to longer RFS and reduced early recurrence (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50-0.67; p <0.001 and HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.36-0.65; p <0.001, respectively). However, no significant association was observed with OS and late recurrence. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of these findings, and heterogeneities were minimal. Additionally, the meta-analysis did not detect a relationship between peritumoral TLSs and OS or RFS in HCC patients. Conclusion The presence of intratumoral TLSs is correlated with better RFS and reduced early recurrence in HCC patients. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the roles of peritumoral TLSs in the prognosis of HCC patients. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier CRD42023466793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changhong Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baoyong Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyou Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Yan G, Zhang G. Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: maturation and induction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369626. [PMID: 38690273 PMCID: PMC11058640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an ectopic lymphocyte aggregate formed in peripheral non-lymphoid tissues, including inflamed or cancerous tissue. Tumor-associated TLS serves as a prominent center of antigen presentation and adaptive immune activation within the periphery, which has exhibited positive prognostic value in various cancers. In recent years, the concept of maturity regarding TLS has been proposed and mature TLS, characterized by well-developed germinal centers, exhibits a more potent tumor-suppressive capacity with stronger significance. Meanwhile, more and more evidence showed that TLS can be induced by therapeutic interventions during cancer treatments. Thus, the evaluation of TLS maturity and the therapeutic interventions that induce its formation are critical issues in current TLS research. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the existing classifications for TLS maturity and therapeutic strategies capable of inducing its formation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Chen
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guorong Yan
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Yang Y, Lu C, Li L, Zheng C, Wang Y, Chen J, Sun B. Construction and multicohort validation of a colon cancer prognostic risk score system based on big data of neutrophil-associated differentially expressed genes. J Cancer 2024; 15:2866-2879. [PMID: 38577604 PMCID: PMC10988322 DOI: 10.7150/jca.94560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of neutrophils in colon cancer progression. Methods: Genetic data from 1,273 patients with colon cancer were procured from public databases and categorized based on genes linked to neutrophils through an unsupervised clustering approach. Through univariate Cox regression analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) influencing overall survival (OS) were identified, forming the basis for establishing a prognostic risk score (PRS) system specific to colon cancer. Additionally, the correlation between PRS and patient prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and intratumoral gene mutations were analyzed. Validation of PRS as an indicator for "pan-tumor" immunotherapy was conducted using four distinct immunotherapy cohorts. Results: The research identified two distinct subtypes of colon cancer, namely Cluster A and B, with patients in Cluster B demonstrating remarkably superior prognoses over those in Cluster A. A total of 17 genes affecting OS were screened based on 109 DEGs between the two cluster for constructing the PRS system. Notably, individuals classified under the high-PRS group (PRShigh) exhibited poorer prognoses, significantly linked with immune cell infiltration, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and increased genomic mutations. Remarkably, analysis of immunotherapy cohorts indicated that patients with PRShigh exhibited enhanced clinical responses, a higher rate of progression-free events, and improved overall survival post-immunotherapy. The PRS system, developed based on tumor typing utilizing neutrophil-associated genes, exhibited a strong correlation with prognostic elements in colon cancer and emerged as a vital predictor of "pan-tumor" immunotherapy efficacy. Conclusions: PRS serves as a prognostic model for patients with colon cancer and holds the potential to act as a "pan-tumor" universal marker for assessing immunotherapy efficacy across different tumor types. The study findings lay a foundation for novel antitumor strategies centered on neutrophil-focused approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bingwei Sun
- Research Center for Neutrophil Engineering Technology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang S, Wang H, Li C, Liu B, He S, Tu C. Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: immune mechanisms and clinical implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e489. [PMID: 38469550 PMCID: PMC10925885 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death globally, and traditional treatments often have limited efficacy and adverse effects. Immunotherapy has shown promise in various malignancies but is less effective in tumors with low immunogenicity or immunosuppressive microenvironment, especially sarcomas. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have been associated with a favorable response to immunotherapy and improved survival in cancer patients. However, the immunological mechanisms and clinical significance of TLS in malignant tumors are not fully understood. In this review, we elucidate the composition, neogenesis, and immune characteristics of TLS in tumors, as well as the inflammatory response in cancer development. An in-depth discussion of the unique immune characteristics of TLSs in lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and soft tissue sarcomas will be presented. Additionally, the therapeutic implications of TLS, including its role as a marker of therapeutic response and prognosis, and strategies to promote TLS formation and maturation will be explored. Overall, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of TLS in the tumor immune microenvironment and suggest potential interventions for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Chenbei Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Binfeng Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Shasha He
- Department of OncologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized MedicineThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South UniversityGuangdongChina
- Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
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Zhao R, Li J, Chen B, Zhao J, Hu L, Huang K, Chen Q, Yao J, Lin G, Bao L, Lu M, Wang Y, Chen G, Wu F. The enrichment of the gut microbiota Lachnoclostridium is associated with the presence of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1289753. [PMID: 38116013 PMCID: PMC10728494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1289753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds and aims Immunotherapies have formed an entirely new treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) has been associated with good response to immunotherapy in most solid tumors. Nonetheless, the role of TLS in human HCC remains controversial, and recent studies suggest that their functional heterogeneity may relate to different locations within the tumor. Exploring factors that influence the formation of TLS in HCC may provide more useful insights. However, factors affecting the presence of TLSs are still unclear. The human gut microbiota can regulate the host immune system and is associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy but, in HCC, whether the gut microbiota is related to the presence of TLS still lacks sufficient evidence. Methods We performed pathological examinations of tumor and para-tumor tissue sections. Based on the location of TLS in tissues, all patients were divided into intratumoral TLS (It-TLS) group and desertic TLS (De-TLS) group. According to the grouping results, we statistically analyzed the clinical, biological, and pathological features; preoperative gut microbiota data; and postoperative pathological features of patients. Results In a retrospective study cohort of 60 cases from a single center, differential microbiota analysis showed that compared with the De-TLS group, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Hungatella, Blautia, Fusobacterium, and Clostridium was increased in the It-TLS group. Among them, the enrichment of Lachnoclostridium was the most significant and was unrelated to the clinical, biological, and pathological features of the patients. It can be seen that the difference in abundance levels of microbiota is related to the presence of TLS. Conclusion Our findings prove the enrichment of Lachnoclostridium-dominated gut microbiota is associated with the presence of It-TLS in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leyin Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kate Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangqiao Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ganglian Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lishimeng Bao
- The Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Tumor and Bioengineering, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Tumor and Bioengineering, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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10
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Yu A, Cao M, Zhang K, Yang Y, Ma L, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Ma X, Fan Z, Han Z, Wang H. The prognostic value of the tertiary lymphoid structure in gastrointestinal cancers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256355. [PMID: 37868990 PMCID: PMC10590053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies and research papers have provided evidence suggesting that tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) play a crucial role in combating and suppressing tumor growth and progression. Despite the wealth of information on the significance of TLS in various types of cancer, their prognostic value in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains uncertain. Therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the prognostic value of TLS in GI cancers. Methods We searched Web of science, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library for studies that met the requirements as of May 1, 2023, and the hazard ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were included in the analysis. The bioinformatics analysis results based on the TCGA database are used to supplement our research. Results The meta-analysis included 32 studies involving 5778 patients. The results of comprehensive analysis showed that TLS-High is associated with prolonged OS (HR=0.525,95%CI:0.447-0.616 (P < 0.001), RFS (HR=0.546,95%CI:0.461-0.647, P < 0.001), DFS (HR=0.519,95%CI:0.417-0.646, P < 0.001) and PFS (HR=0.588,95%CI:0.406-0.852, P=0.005) in GI cancer. Among the patients who received immunotherapy, TLS-High is associated with significantly prolonged OS (HR=0.475, 95%CI:0.282-0.799, P=0.005) and PFS(HR=0.576, 95%CI:0.381-0.871, P=0.009). It is worth noting that subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between TLS and OS(HR=0.775, 95%CI:0.570-1.053,P=0.103) in CRC. And when Present is used as the cut-off criteria of TLS, there is no significant correlation between TLS and OS (HR=0.850, 95%CI:0.721-1.002, P=0.053)in HCC. Conclusion TLS is a significant predictor of the prognosis of GI cancers and has the potential to become a prognostic biomarker of immunotherapy-related patients. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier CRD42023443562.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhengxiang Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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