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Shkunnikova S, Mijakovac A, Sironic L, Hanic M, Lauc G, Kavur MM. IgG glycans in health and disease: Prediction, intervention, prognosis, and therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108169. [PMID: 37207876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IgG) glycosylation is a complex enzymatically controlled process, essential for the structure and function of IgG. IgG glycome is relatively stable in the state of homeostasis, yet its alterations have been associated with aging, pollution and toxic exposure, as well as various diseases, including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cardiometabolic diseases, infectious diseases and cancer. IgG is also an effector molecule directly involved in the inflammation processes included in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Numerous recently published studies support the idea that IgG N-glycosylation fine-tunes the immune response and plays a significant role in chronic inflammation. This makes it a promising novel biomarker of biological age, and a prognostic, diagnostic and treatment evaluation tool. Here we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the IgG glycosylation in health and disease, and its potential applications in pro-active prevention and monitoring of various health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Shkunnikova
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anika Mijakovac
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Sironic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Hanic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ulica Ante Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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Zhang Y, Lai Z, Yuan Z, Qu B, Li Y, Yan W, Li B, Yu W, Cai S, Zhang H. Serum disease-specific IgG Fc glycosylation as potential biomarkers for nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy using mass spectrometry. Exp Eye Res 2023:109555. [PMID: 37364630 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential of serum disease-specific immunoglobulin G (DSIgG) glycosylation as a biomarker for the diagnosis of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). METHODS A total of 387 consecutive diabetic patients presenting in an eye clinic without proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) were included and divided into those with nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) (n = 181) and NPDR (n = 206) groups. Serum was collected from all patients for DSIgG separation. The enriched glycopeptides of the tryptic digests of DSIgG were detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Patients were randomly divided into discovery and validation sets (1:1). The differences in glycopeptide ratios between the groups were compared by using Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. The predictive ability of the model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets. The prediction model that was built comprising the seven glycopeptide ratios showed good NPDR prediction performance with an AUC of 0.85 in the discovery set and 0.87 in the validation set. CONCLUSION DSIgG Fc N-glycosylation ratios were associated with NPDR and can be used as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhizhen Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghao Yuan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Qu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Muping District of Yantai City, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Muping District of Yantai City, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyu Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shanjun Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Continuous Education College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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3
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Bangarh R, Khatana C, Kaur S, Sharma A, Kaushal A, Siwal SS, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Thakur VK, Saini RV, Saini AK. Aberrant protein glycosylation: Implications on diagnosis and Immunotherapy. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108149. [PMID: 37030554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation-mediated post-translational modification is critical for regulating many fundamental processes like cell division, differentiation, immune response, and cell-to-cell interaction. Alterations in the N-linked or O-linked glycosylation pattern of regulatory proteins like transcription factors or cellular receptors lead to many diseases, including cancer. These alterations give rise to micro- and macro-heterogeneity in tumor cells. Here, we review the role of O- and N-linked glycosylation and its regulatory function in autoimmunity and aberrant glycosylation in cancer. The change in cellular glycome could result from a change in the expression of glycosidases or glycosyltransferases like N-acetyl-glucosaminyl transferase V, FUT8, ST6Gal-I, DPAGT1, etc., impact the glycosylation of target proteins leading to transformation. Moreover, the mutations in glycogenes affect glycosylation patterns on immune cells leading to other related manifestations like pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. In recent years, understanding the glycome to cancer indicates that it can be utilized for both diagnosis/prognosis as well as immunotherapy. Studies involving mass spectrometry of proteome, site- and structure-specific glycoproteomics, or transcriptomics/genomics of patient samples and cancer models revealed the importance of glycosylation homeostasis in cancer biology. The development of emerging technologies, such as the lectin microarray, has facilitated research on the structure and function of glycans and glycosylation. Newly developed devices allow for high-throughput, high-speed, and precise research on aberrant glycosylation. This paper also discusses emerging technologies and clinical applications of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Bangarh
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Chainika Khatana
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Anchita Sharma
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517641, India
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Reena V Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
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4
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Marie AL, Ray S, Ivanov AR. Highly-sensitive label-free deep profiling of N-glycans released from biomedically-relevant samples. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1618. [PMID: 36959283 PMCID: PMC10036494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of protein glycosylation can serve as sensitive and specific disease biomarkers. Labeling procedures for improved separation and detectability of oligosaccharides have several drawbacks, including incomplete derivatization, side-products, noticeable desialylation/defucosylation, sample loss, and interference with downstream analyses. Here, we develop a label-free workflow based on high sensitivity capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CZE-MS) for profiling of native underivatized released N-glycans. Our workflow provides a >45-fold increase in signal intensity compared to the conventional CZE-MS approaches used for N-glycan analysis. Qualitative and quantitative N-glycan profiling of purified human serum IgG, bovine serum fetuin, bovine pancreas ribonuclease B, blood-derived extracellular vesicle isolates, and total plasma results in the detection of >250, >400, >150, >310, and >520 N-glycans, respectively, using injected amounts equivalent to <25 ng of model protein and nL-levels of plasma-derived samples. Compared to reported results for biological samples of similar amounts and complexity, the number of identified N-glycans is increased up to ~15-fold, enabling highly sensitive analysis of sample amounts as low as sub-0.2 nL of plasma volume equivalents. Furthermore, highly sialylated N-glycans are identified and structurally characterized, and untreated sialic acid-linkage isomers are resolved in a single CZE-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Marie
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Somak Ray
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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5
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Krištić J, Lauc G, Pezer M. Immunoglobulin G glycans - Biomarkers and molecular effectors of aging. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 535:30-45. [PMID: 35970404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are post-translationally modified by the addition of complex carbohydrate molecules - glycans, which have profound effects on the IgG function, most significantly as modulators of its inflammatory capacity. Therefore, it is not surprising that the changes in IgG glycosylation pattern are associated with various physiological states and diseases, including aging and age-related diseases. Importantly, within the inflammaging concept, IgG glycans are considered not only biomarkers but one of the molecular effectors of the aging process. The exact mechanism by which they exert their function, however, remains unknown. In this review, we list and comment on, to our knowledge, all studies that examined changes in IgG glycosylation during aging in humans. We focus on the information obtained from studies on general population, but we also cover the insights obtained from studies of long-lived individuals and people with age-related diseases. We summarize the current knowledge on how levels of different IgG glycans change with age (i.e., the extent and direction of the change with age) and discuss the potential mechanisms and possible functional roles of changes in IgG glycopattern that accompany aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Pezer
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
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6
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Iwamura H, Mizuno K, Akamatsu S, Hatakeyama S, Tobisawa Y, Narita S, Narita T, Yamashita S, Kawamura S, Sakurai T, Fujita N, Kodama H, Noro D, Kakizaki I, Nakaji S, Itoh K, Tsuchiya N, Ito A, Habuchi T, Ohyama C, Yoneyama T. Machine learning diagnosis by immunoglobulin N-glycan signature for precision diagnosis of urological diseases. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2434-2445. [PMID: 35524940 PMCID: PMC9277255 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of urological diseases is often difficult due to the lack of specific biomarkers. More powerful and less invasive biomarkers that can be used simultaneously to identify urological diseases could improve patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate a urological disease‐specific scoring system established with a machine learning (ML) approach using Ig N‐glycan signatures. Immunoglobulin N‐glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration‐resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269). Immunoglobulin N‐glycan signature data were used in a supervised‐ML model to establish a scoring system that gave the probability of the presence of a urological disease. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The supervised‐ML urologic disease‐specific scores clearly discriminated the urological diseases (AUC 0.78–1.00) and found a distinct N‐glycan pattern that contributed to detect each disease. Limitations included the retrospective and limited pathological information regarding urological diseases. The supervised‐ML urological disease‐specific scoring system based on Ig N‐glycan signatures showed excellent diagnostic ability for nine urological diseases using a one‐time serum collection and could be a promising approach for the diagnosis of urological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Iwamura
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kei Mizuno
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Advanced blood purification therapy, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 036-8562, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobisawa
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takuma Narita
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamashita
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Toshihiko Sakurai
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hirotake Kodama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noro
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kakizaki
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ito
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Advanced blood purification therapy, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 036-8562, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tohru Yoneyama
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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7
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Abstract
Glycosylation, one of the most common post-translational modifications in mammalian cells, impacts many biological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. As the most abundant glycoprotein in human serum, immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a vital role in immune response and protection. There is a growing body of evidence suggests that IgG structure and function are modulated by attached glycans, especially N-glycans, and aberrant glycosylation is associated with disease states. In this chapter, we review IgG glycan repertoire and function, strategies for profiling IgG N-glycome and recent studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based techniques are the most powerful tools for profiling IgG glycome. IgG glycans can be divided into high-mannose, biantennary complex and hybrid types, modified with mannosylation, core-fucosylation, galactosylation, bisecting GlcNAcylation, or sialylation. Glycosylation of IgG affects antibody half-life and their affinity and avidity for antigens, regulates crystallizable fragment (Fc) structure and Fcγ receptor signaling, as well as antibody effector function. Because of their critical roles, IgG N-glycans appear to be promising biomarkers for various disease states. Specific IgG glycosylation can convert a pro-inflammatory response to an anti-inflammatory activity. Accordingly, IgG glycoengineering provides a powerful approach to potentially develop effective drugs and treat disease. Based on the understanding of the functional role of IgG glycans, the development of vaccines with enhanced capacity and long-term protection are possible in the near future.
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8
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Zhang Y, Zheng S, Mao Y, Cao W, Zhao L, Wu C, Cheng J, Liu F, Li G, Yang H. Systems analysis of plasma IgG intact N-glycopeptides from patients with chronic kidney diseases via EThcD-sceHCD-MS/MS. Analyst 2021; 146:7274-7283. [PMID: 34747425 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules modulate an immune response. However, site-specific N-glycosylation signatures of plasma IgG in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unclear. This study aimed to propose a novel method to explore the N-glycosylation pattern of IgG and to compare it with reported methods. We separated human plasma IgG from 58 healthy controls (HC) and 111 patients with CKD. Purified IgG molecules were digested by trypsin. Tryptic peptides without enrichment of intact N-glycopeptides were analyzed using a combination of electron-transfer/higher-energy collisional dissociation (EThcD) and stepped collision energy/higher-energy collisional dissociation (sceHCD) mass spectrometry (EThcD-sceHCD-MS/MS). This resulted in higher spectral quality, more informative fragment ions, higher Byonic score, and nearly twice the depth of intact N-glycopeptide identification than sceHCD or EThcD alone. Site-specific N-glycosylation mapping revealed that intact N-glycopeptides were differentially expressed in HC and CKD patients; thus, it can be a diagnostic tool. This study provides a method for the determination of glycosylation patterns in CKD and a framework for understanding the role of IgG in the pathophysiology of CKD. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027174.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institutes for Systems Genetics; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pathology in Clinical Application, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institutes for Systems Genetics; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yonghong Mao
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institutes for Systems Genetics; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Changwei Wu
- Renal Department and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institutes for Systems Genetics; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guisen Li
- Renal Department and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institutes for Systems Genetics; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pathology in Clinical Application, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Zaytseva OO, Sharapov SZ, Perola M, Esko T, Landini A, Hayward C, Wilson JF, Lauc G, Aulchenko YS, Klarić L, Tsepilov YA. Investigation of the causal relationships between human IgG N-glycosylation and twelve common diseases associated with changes in the IgG N-glycome. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1545-1559. [PMID: 34791244 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) are often observed in pathological states, such as autoimmune, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. However, in most cases it is not clear if the disease onset causes these changes, or if the changes in IgG N-glycosylation are among the risk factors for the diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the casual relationships between IgG N-glycosylation traits and 12 diseases, in which the alterations of IgG N-glycome were previously reported, using Two Sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach. We have performed Two Sample MR using publicly available summary statistics of genome-wide association studies of IgG N-glycosylation and disease risks. Our results indicate positive causal effect of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on the abundance of N-glycans with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine in the total IgG N-glycome. Therefore, we suggest regarding this IgG glycosylation trait as a biomarker of SLE. We also emphasize the need for more powerful GWAS studies of IgG N-glycosylation to further elucidate the causal effect of IgG N-glycome on the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga O Zaytseva
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Sodbo Zh Sharapov
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Marcus Perola
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Arianna Landini
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Yurii S Aulchenko
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Lucija Klarić
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Yakov A Tsepilov
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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10
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Sugár S, Tóth G, Bugyi F, Vékey K, Karászi K, Drahos L, Turiák L. Alterations in protein expression and site-specific N-glycosylation of prostate cancer tissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15886. [PMID: 34354152 PMCID: PMC8342536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying molecular alterations occurring during cancer progression is essential for a deeper understanding of the underlying biological processes. Here we have analyzed cancerous and healthy prostate biopsies using nanoLC-MS(MS) to detect proteins with altered expression and N-glycosylation. We have identified 75 proteins with significantly changing expression during disease progression. The biological processes involved were assigned based on protein-protein interaction networks. These include cellular component organization, metabolic and localization processes. Multiple glycoproteins were identified with aberrant glycosylation in prostate cancer, where differences in glycosite-specific sialylation, fucosylation, and galactosylation were the most substantial. Many of the glycoproteins with altered N-glycosylation were extracellular matrix constituents, and are heavily involved in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sugár
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Semmelweis University, Ph.D. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tóth
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.6759.d0000 0001 2180 0451Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Bugyi
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Eötvös Loránd University, Hevesy György Ph.D. School of Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Vékey
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Karászi
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 98211St Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Semmelweis University, Ph.D. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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12
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Kazuno S, Fujimura T, Fujime M, Miura Y, Ueno T. O-glycosylated clusterin as a sensitive marker for diagnosing early stages of prostate cancer. Prostate 2021; 81:170-181. [PMID: 33347638 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been the most popular diagnostic marker for prostate cancer. The frequent occurrence of low PSA values (<10 ng/ml) in patients with highly suspicious prostate cancer, however, has undermined the accuracy of clinical examinations. The aim of this study was to develop a better resolution for diagnosing prostate cancer to overcome the disadvantage of PSA. METHODS We focused on the glycosylation status of patients' serum proteins and conducted comprehensive lectin microarray analyses to characterize N- and O-glycans using sera from prostate cancer and benign prostatic diseases. Next, we retrieved candidate serum proteins with characteristic glycan structures using lectin-immobilized beads and identified them by quantitative mass spectrometry using a technique referred to as isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling. Finally, we constructed a new assay to quantify a candidate glycoprotein with the newly identified glycans. RESULTS Lectin microarray analyses revealed that sera from patients with prostate cancer had a higher affinity for Jacalin, Amaranthus caudatus (ACA) lectin, and Maclura pomifera (MPA) lectin, compared with that from patients with benign prostatic diseases and normal subjects, suggesting that O-glycosylated proteins are more abundant in sera from patients with prostate cancer. Then, serum glycoproteins preferentially adsorbed onto Jacalin-Agarose as well as biotin-ACA/and biotin-MPA/streptavidin-immobilized magnetic beads were isolated, labeled with iTRAQ, and identified using quantitative mass spectrometry. It was found that the ACA- and MPA-recognizable clusterin was more enriched in patients' sera from prostate cancer compared with those from benign prostatic diseases. Following this discovery, we constructed a Luminex-based assay to quantify O-glycosylated clusterin, in which total serum clusterin was first captured on anti-clusterin antibody-immobilized beads, and then clusterin-associated O-glycans were determined by the pair of biotin-MPA and streptavidin-phycoerythrin. When PSA values registered less than 10 ng/ml, the corresponding serum level of MPA-recognized clusterin determined by this assay was beneficial for distinguishing the patients with prostate cancer from the patients with benign prostatic disease. CONCLUSION For PSA values that measure less than 10 ng/ml, the serum O-glycosylated clusterin level can be a complementary indicator for the malignancy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujime
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Miura
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Kodama H, Yoneyama T, Tanaka T, Noro D, Tobisawa Y, Yamamoto H, Suto S, Hatakeyama S, Mori K, Yoneyama T, Hashimoto Y, Kakizaki I, Nakaji S, Ohyama C. N-glycan signature of serum immunoglobulins as a diagnostic biomarker of urothelial carcinomas. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1297-1313. [PMID: 33455069 PMCID: PMC7926015 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Discriminating between urothelial carcinoma (UC), including bladder cancer (BCa) and upper urinary tract UC (UTUC), is often challenging. Thus, the current study evaluated the diagnostic performance of N-glycosylation signatures of immunoglobulins (Igs) for detecting UC, including BCa and UTUC. N-glycosylation signatures of Igs from serum samples of the training cohort, including 104 BCa, 68 UTUC, 10 urinary tract infection, and 5 cystitis cases, as well as 62 healthy volunteers, were measured retrospectively using automated capillary-electrophoresis-based N-glycomics. UTUC or BCa scores were then established through discriminant analysis using N-glycan signatures of Igs. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and decision curve analyses (DCA). Our result showed that BCa and UTUC scores for discriminating BCa (AUC: 0.977) and UTUC (AUC: 0.867), respectively, provided significantly better clinical performance compared to urine cytology, gross hematuria, or clinical T1 cases. DCA revealed that adding BCa and UTUC scores to gross hematuria status was the best combination for detecting UC and avoiding the need for more intervention without overlooking UC (risk threshold: 13%-93%). The UC nomogram based on the combination of gross hematuria, UTUC score, and BCa score could detect UC with an AUC of 0.891, indicating significantly better performance compared to gross hematuria status in the validation cohort (251 patients). The limitations of this study include its small sample size and retrospective nature. The UC nomogram based on gross hematuria and N-glycosylation signatures of Igs can be a promising approach for the diagnosis of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Kodama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tohru Yoneyama
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noro
- Department of Urology, Mutsu General Hospital, Mutsu, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobisawa
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hayato Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Suto
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Mori
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoneyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kakizaki
- Department of Glycotechnology, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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14
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Wang J, Huang C, Zhou J, Zhao K, Li Y. Causal link between immunoglobulin G glycosylation and cancer: A potential glycobiomarker for early tumor detection. Cell Immunol 2021; 361:104282. [PMID: 33453507 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycan structures are currently believed to closely related to the emergence of cancer. In this review, we summarize the current body of evidence suggesting that differences in serum IgG glycosylation patterns correspond to changes in multiple types of cancer. Modifications include IgG terminal N-link galactosylation, IgG core fucosylation, IgG terminal sialylation, and IgG terminal bisecting N-acetylglucosamine. IgG N-glycomic alterations represent promising novel biomarkers for non-invasive-cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and progression monitoring; they are characterized by high sensitivity and specificity, compensating for previously identified glycobiomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuncui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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15
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Abstract
Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases. This chapter contains an updated catalog of over 140 studies within which IgG glycosylation analysis was performed in a disease setting. Since the composition of IgG glycans is known to modulate its effector functions, it is suggested that a changed IgG glycosylation pattern in patients might be involved in disease development and progression, representing a predisposition and/or a functional effector in disease pathology. In contrast to the glycopattern of bulk serum IgG, which likely relates to the systemic inflammatory background, the glycosylation profile of antigen-specific IgG probably plays a direct role in disease pathology in several infectious and allo- and autoimmune antibody-dependent diseases. Depending on the specifics of any given disease, IgG glycosylation read-out might therefore in the future be developed into a useful clinical biomarker or a supplementary to currently used biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pezer
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.
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16
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Progress in research into the role of abnormal glycosylation modification in tumor immunity. Immunol Lett 2020; 229:8-17. [PMID: 33186635 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In abnormal glycosylation, molecules of glucose or other carbohydrates in living organisms are inappropriately attached to proteins, which causes protein denaturation. Abnormal glycosylation modification is known to directly or indirectly affect the tumor escape process, but very few studies have been performed on whether protein glycosylation changes the structure and function of immune cells and immune molecules and thereby regulates the occurrence and development of tumor escape. Therefore, this article summarizes the effect of the immune system on tumor escape in association with the abnormal glycosylation process from an immunological perspective.
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17
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Bertok T, Jane E, Chrenekova N, Hroncekova S, Bertokova A, Hires M, Vikartovska A, Kubanikova P, Sokol R, Fillo J, Kasak P, Borsig L, Tkac J. Analysis of serum glycome by lectin microarrays for prostate cancer patients - a search for aberrant glycoforms. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:703-711. [PMID: 33119808 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This is the first work focused on glycoprofiling of whole N- and O- glycome using lectins in an array format applied for analysis of serum samples from healthy individuals, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Lectin microarray was prepared using traditional lectins with the incorporation of 2 recombinant bacterial lectins and 3 human lectins (17 lectins in total). Clinical validation of glycans as biomarkers was done in two studies: discrimination of healthy individuals with BPH patients vs. PCa patients (C vs. PCa) and discrimination of healthy individuals vs. BPH and PCa patients (H vs. PCond). Single lectins (17 lectins) and a combination of two lectins (136 binary lectin combinations) were applied in the clinical validation of glycan biomarkers providing 153 AUC values from ROC curves for both studies (C vs. PCa and H vs. PCond). Potential N- and O-glycans as biomarkers were identified and possible carriers of these glycans are shortly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Bertok
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia.,Glycanostics, Ltd, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Eduard Jane
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Nikola Chrenekova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Stefania Hroncekova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Aniko Bertokova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Michal Hires
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Alica Vikartovska
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia
| | - Petra Kubanikova
- Private Urological Ambulance, Piaristicka 6, 911 01, Trencin, Slovakia
| | - Roman Sokol
- Private Urological Ambulance, Piaristicka 6, 911 01, Trencin, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Fillo
- University Hospital Bratislava, Mickiewiczova 13, 81107, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Department of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia. .,Glycanostics, Ltd, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 38, Slovakia.
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18
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Zhang Y, Lin T, Zhao Y, Mao Y, Tao Y, Huang Y, Wang S, Hu L, Cheng J, Yang H. Characterization of N-linked intact glycopeptide signatures of plasma IgGs from patients with prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia for diagnosis pre-stratification. Analyst 2020; 145:5353-5362. [PMID: 32568312 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00225a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of novel non-invasive biomarkers for discriminating between prostate carcinoma (PCa) patients and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients is necessary to reduce the burden of biopsies, avoid overdiagnosis and improve quality of life. Previous studies suggest that abnormal glycosylation of immunoglobulin gamma molecules (IgGs) is strongly associated with immunological diseases and prostate diseases. Hence, characterizing N-linked intact glycopeptides of IgGs that correspond to the N-glycan structure with specific site information might enable a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and discovery of novel signatures in preoperative discrimination of BPH from PCa. In this study, we profiled N-linked intact glycopeptides of purified IgGs from 51 PCa patients and 45 BPH patients by our developed N-glycoproteomic method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography enrichment coupled with high resolution LC-MS/MS. The quantitative analysis of the N-linked intact glycopeptides using pGlyco 2.0 and MaxQuant software provided quantitative information on plasma IgG subclass-specific and site-specific N-glycosylation. As a result, we found four aberrantly expressed N-linked intact glycopeptides across different IgG subclasses. In particular, the N-glycopeptide IgG2-GP09 (EEQFNSTFR (H5N5S1)) was dramatically elevated in plasma from PCa patients, compared with that in BPH patients (PCa/BPH ratio = 5.74, p = 0.001). Additionally, the variations in these N-linked intact glycopeptide abundances were not caused by the changes in the IgG concentrations. Furthermore, IgG2-GP09 displayed a more powerful prediction capability (auROC = 0.702) for distinguishing PCa from BPH than the clinical index t-PSA (auROC = 0.681) when used alone or in combination with other indicators (auROC = 0.853). In conclusion, these abnormally expressed N-linked intact glycopeptides have potential for non-invasive monitoring and pre-stratification of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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19
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Lin S, Wang Y, Wang X, Yan B, Lou W, Di W. Serum immunoglobulin G N-glycome: a potential biomarker in endometrial cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:748. [PMID: 32647673 PMCID: PMC7333120 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background With the increase in incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer (EC), there is an urgent need to explore non-invasive strategies for identifying EC patients and facilitating risk stratification. The alteration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycome has been indicated in autoimmune diseases and several cancer types, demonstrating a significant association with disease pathogenesis and progression. However, little has been investigated in the IgG N-glycome of EC patients. Methods A total of 94 EC patients and 112 healthy females were recruited and sorted into an EC cohort and a control cohort. Serum samples were obtained from every participant, and IgG N-glycome profiling was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Results A total of 24 directly measured N-glycans and 11 derived traits based on the shared glycan structures were analyzed in the EC and control cohorts. We detected a significant downregulation of galactosylation and sialylation in the EC cohort compared with the control cohort, while glycans with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) were elevated in EC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis based on glycan traits showed good diagnostic performance of IgG N-glycans for EC. Furthermore, by exploring the association of IgG N-glycome with prognostic risk factors in EC, we observed that lower levels of galactosylation and sialylation were correlated with high-risk factors including older age, non-endometrioid histologic subtypes, advanced stage, poor differentiation of tumor, and >50% myometrial invasion (MI). Conclusions Our results suggest that the IgG N-glycome profile could be a potential biomarker for EC diagnosis and a promising indicator for prognostic risk factors, and thus may facilitate the early detection of EC and the identification of high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Lou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Chang YT, Chang MC, Tsai YJ, Ferng C, Shih HC, Kuo YP, Chen CH, Tsai IL. Method development of immunoglobulin G purification from micro-volumes of human serum for untargeted and targeted proteomics-based antibody repertoire studies. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:475-482. [PMID: 30987718 PMCID: PMC9296204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are major serum proteins which play important roles in immunity. Both untargeted and targeted proteomic workflows can be applied to investigate antigen-binding sites and the glycosylation profiles of Igs. For a more-comprehensive picture of IgG from human serum, we developed an IgG purification process and coupled the standardized method to untargeted and targeted proteomic workflows for IgG investigations. Parameters such as the type of purification beads, volume of the bead slurry, incubation conditions, and binding capacities were evaluated in this study. Only 2 μL of human serum was required for each sample. The performance of coupling the purification process to untargeted proteomics in the IgG analysis was evaluated by comparing normalized abundances of IgG subclass-specific peptides with quantification results from an ELISA. Pearson’s correlation values were all >0.82. Targeted proteomic workflow was applied to serum samples from patients with autoimmune pancreatitis and from healthy controls, and the results corresponded to clinical findings that IgG4-related peptides/glycopeptides showed higher abundances in the diseased group. The developed IgG purification process is simple and requires small sample volume, and it can be coupled to targeted and untargeted proteomic workflows for clinical investigations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital,
Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University,
Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital,
Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University,
Taiwan
| | - Yun-Jung Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University,
Taiwan
| | | | | | - Ya-Po Kuo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica,
Taiwan
| | | | - I-Lin Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University,
Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University,
Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan., E-mail address: (I.-L. Tsai)
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21
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Tkac J, Bertok T, Hires M, Jane E, Lorencova L, Kasak P. Glycomics of prostate cancer: updates. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 16:65-76. [PMID: 30451032 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1549993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a life-threatening disease affecting millions of men. The current best PCa biomarker (level of prostate-specific antigen in serum) lacks specificity for PCa diagnostics and this is why novel PCa biomarkers in addition to the conventional ones based on biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins need to be identified. Areas covered: This review details the potential of glycans-based biomarkers to become diagnostic, prognostic, predictive and therapeutic PCa biomarkers with a brief description of the innovative approaches applied to glycan analysis to date. Finally, the review covers the possibility to use exosomes as a rich source of glycans for future innovative and advanced diagnostics of PCa. The review covers updates in the field since 2016. Expert commentary: The summary provided in this review paper suggests that glycan-based biomarkers can offer high-assay accuracy not only for diagnostic purposes but also for monitoring/surveillance of the PCa disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Tkac
- a Slovak Academy of Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Bratislava , Slovakia.,b Glycanostics Ltd ., Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Tomas Bertok
- a Slovak Academy of Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Bratislava , Slovakia.,b Glycanostics Ltd ., Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Michal Hires
- a Slovak Academy of Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Eduard Jane
- a Slovak Academy of Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lorencova
- a Slovak Academy of Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Bratislava , Slovakia.,b Glycanostics Ltd ., Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Peter Kasak
- c Center for Advanced Materials , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
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22
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Gudelj I, Lauc G, Pezer M. Immunoglobulin G glycosylation in aging and diseases. Cell Immunol 2018; 333:65-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Liu S, Cheng L, Fu Y, Liu BF, Liu X. Characterization of IgG N-glycome profile in colorectal cancer progression by MALDI-TOF-MS. J Proteomics 2018; 181:225-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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de Oliveira RM, Ornelas Ricart CA, Araujo Martins AM. Use of Mass Spectrometry to Screen Glycan Early Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2018; 7:328. [PMID: 29379771 PMCID: PMC5775512 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Association between altered glycosylation patterns and poor prognosis in cancer points glycans as potential specific tumor markers. Most proteins are glycosylated and functionally arranged on cell surface and extracellular matrix, mediating interactions and cellular signaling. Thereby, aberrant glycans may be considered a pathological phenotype at least as important as changes in protein expression for cancer and other complex diseases. As most serum glycoproteins have hepatic origin, liver disease phenotypes, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), may present altered glycan profile and display important modifications. One of the prominent obstacles in HCC is the diagnostic in advanced stages when patients have several liver dysfunctions, limiting treatment options and life expectancy. The characterization of glycomic profiles in pathological conditions by means of mass spectrometry (MS) may lead to the discovery of early diagnostic markers using non-invasive approaches. MS is a powerful analytical technique capable of elucidating many glycobiological issues and overcome limitations of the serological markers currently applied in clinical practice. Therefore, MS-based glycomics of tumor biomarkers is a promising tool to increase early detection and monitoring of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Menezes de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Andre Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Aline Maria Araujo Martins
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,University Hospital Walter Cantídeo, Surgery Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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25
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Munkley J, Elliott DJ. Hallmarks of glycosylation in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35478-89. [PMID: 27007155 PMCID: PMC5085245 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation plays a fundamental role in key pathological steps of tumour development and progression. Glycans have roles in cancer cell signalling, tumour cell dissociation and invasion, cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune modulation. Aberrant glycosylation is often cited as a ‘hallmark of cancer’ but is notably absent from both the original hallmarks of cancer and from the next generation of emerging hallmarks. This review discusses how glycosylation is clearly an enabling characteristic that is causally associated with the acquisition of all the hallmark capabilities. Rather than aberrant glycosylation being itself a hallmark of cancer, another perspective is that glycans play a role in every recognised cancer hallmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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26
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Aberrant N-Glycosylation Profile of Serum Immunoglobulins is a Diagnostic Biomarker of Urothelial Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122632. [PMID: 29210993 PMCID: PMC5751235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study to determine whether the aberrant N-glycosylated serum immunoglobulins (Igs) can be applied as a diagnostic marker of urothelial carcinoma (UC). Between 2009 and 2016, we randomly obtained serum available from 237 UC and also 96 prostate cancer as other cancer controls from our serum bank and also obtained-from 339 healthy volunteers (HV)-controls obtained from community-dwelling volunteers in Iwaki Health Promotion Project. A total of 32 types of N-glycan levels on Igs were determined by high-throughput N-glycomics and analyzed by multivariable discriminant analysis. We found five UC-associated aberrant N-glycans changes on Igs and also found that asialo-bisecting GlcNAc type N-glycan on Igs were significantly accumulated in UC patients. The diagnostic N-glycan Score (dNGScore) established by combination of five N-glycans on Igs discriminated UC patients from HV and prostate cancer (PC) patients with 92.8% sensitivity and 97.2% specificity. The area under the curve (AUC) for of the dNGScore was 0.969 for UC detection that was much superior to that of urine cytology (AUC, 0.707) and hematuria (AUC, 0.892). Furthermore, dNGScore can detect hematuria and urine cytology negative patients. The dNGscore based on aberrant N-glycosylation signatures of Igs were found to be promising diagnostic biomarkers of UCs.
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27
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Kovacs Z, Simon A, Szabo Z, Nagy Z, Varoczy L, Pal I, Csanky E, Guttman A. Capillary electrophoresis analysis of N-glycosylation changes of serum paraproteins in multiple myeloma. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2115-2123. [PMID: 28116769 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an immedicable malignancy of the human plasma cells producing abnormal antibodies (also referred to as paraproteins) leading to kidney problems and hyperviscosity syndrome. In this paper, we report on the N-glycosylation analysis of paraproteins from total human serum as well as the fragment crystallizable region (Fc ) and fragment antigen binding (Fab ) κ/λ light chain fractions of papain digested immunoglobulins from multiple myeloma patients. CE-LIF detection was used for the analysis of the N-glycans after endoglycosidase (PNGase F) mediated sugar release and fluorophore labeling (APTS). While characteristic N-glycosylation pattern differences were found between normal control and untreated, treated and remission stage multiple myeloma patient samples at the global serum level, less distinctive changes were observed at the immunoglobulin level. Principal component analysis adequately differentiated the four groups (control and three patient groups) on the basis of total serum N-glycosylation analysis. 12 N-glycan features showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) among various stages of the disease in comparison to the control at the serum level, while only six features were identified with similar significance at the immunoglobulin level, including the analysis of the partitioned Fc fragment as well as the Fab κ and Fab λ chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kovacs
- Horváth Csaba Memorial Institute for Bioanalytical Research, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adam Simon
- Horváth Csaba Memorial Institute for Bioanalytical Research, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Nagy
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Varoczy
- Department of Hematology, Institute for Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildiko Pal
- Department of Hematology, Institute for Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Andras Guttman
- Horváth Csaba Memorial Institute for Bioanalytical Research, University of Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Research Group, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
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Abstract
The design and application of sensors for monitoring biomolecules in clinical samples is a common goal of the sensing research community. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other plasmonic techniques such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and imaging SPR are reaching a maturity level sufficient for their application in monitoring biomolecules in clinical samples. In recent years, the first examples for monitoring antibodies, proteins, enzymes, drugs, small molecules, peptides, and nucleic acids in biofluids collected from patients afflicted with a series of medical conditions (Alzheimer's, hepatitis, diabetes, leukemia, and cancers such as prostate and breast cancers, among others) demonstrate the progress of SPR sensing in clinical chemistry. This Perspective reviews the current status of the field, showcasing a series of early successes in the application of SPR for clinical analysis and detailing a series of considerations regarding sensing schemes, exposing issues with analysis in biofluids, and comparing SPR with ELISA, while providing an outlook of the challenges currently associated with plasmonic materials, instrumentation, microfluidics, bioreceptor selection, selection of a clinical market, and validation of a clinical assay for applying SPR sensors to clinical samples. Research opportunities are proposed to further advance the field and transition SPR biosensors from research proof-of-concept stage to actual clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Masson
- Département
de chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Centre
for self-assembled chemical structures (CSACS), McGill University, 801
Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
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29
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Tonry CL, Leacy E, Raso C, Finn SP, Armstrong J, Pennington SR. The Role of Proteomics in Biomarker Development for Improved Patient Diagnosis and Clinical Decision Making in Prostate Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2016; 6:E27. [PMID: 27438858 PMCID: PMC5039561 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Although increased expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an effective indicator for the recurrence of PCa, its intended use as a screening marker for PCa is of considerable controversy. Recent research efforts in the field of PCa biomarkers have focused on the identification of tissue and fluid-based biomarkers that would be better able to stratify those individuals diagnosed with PCa who (i) might best receive no treatment (active surveillance of the disease); (ii) would benefit from existing treatments; or (iii) those who are likely to succumb to disease recurrence and/or have aggressive disease. The growing demand for better prostate cancer biomarkers has coincided with the development of improved discovery and evaluation technologies for multiplexed measurement of proteins in bio-fluids and tissues. This review aims to (i) provide an overview of these technologies as well as describe some of the candidate PCa protein biomarkers that have been discovered using them; (ii) address some of the general limitations in the clinical evaluation and validation of protein biomarkers; and (iii) make recommendations for strategies that could be adopted to improve the successful development of protein biomarkers to deliver improvements in personalized PCa patient decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Tonry
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Emma Leacy
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Cinzia Raso
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Stephen P Finn
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | | | - Stephen R Pennington
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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30
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Kazuno S, Furukawa JI, Shinohara Y, Murayama K, Fujime M, Ueno T, Fujimura T. Glycosylation status of serum immunoglobulin G in patients with prostate diseases. Cancer Med 2016; 5:1137-46. [PMID: 26880719 PMCID: PMC4924372 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Occurrences of high values in patients with benign prostate disease and low values in patients with highly suspicious cancer have diminished the trustworthiness of prostate‐specific antigen as an early diagnostic marker of prostate cancer. In the search for other complimentary markers, we focused on serum IgG from patients with prostate diseases as well as normal subjects. IgG purified from the sera of normal control subjects and patients with prostate diseases, was digested with peptide N‐glycanase. Released glycans were quantified using MALDI‐time of flight mass spectrometry. We report that N‐linked (N‐acetylhexosamine)2(deoxyhexose)(mannose)3(N‐acetylglucosamine)2 was significantly increased in the IgG heavy chains of patients with prostate cancer compared with that of either benign prostatic disease patients or healthy subjects, whereas (hexose)(N‐acetylhexosamine)2(deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N‐acetylglucosamine)2 was more abundant in the heavy chains of healthy subjects and benign prostatic disease patients. Thus, an absence of the terminal hexose of N‐linked glycans has been closely connected to the progression of prostate cancer. Furthermore, surface plasmon resonance analyses have revealed that IgG from patients with prostate cancer has a decreased binding for Sambucus nigra lectin, compared with that from the benign prostatic disease patients or from normal subjects, suggesting lower levels of (N‐acetylneuraminic acid)(α2‐6)galactose/N‐acetylgalactosamine groups in the N‐linked glycans of patient IgG. Meanwhile, wheat germ agglutinin binding to IgG of the cancer group was significantly larger than that for the benign prostatic disease group but smaller than that for normal subjects. Our study indicates that the glycosylation changes in IgG can become useful diagnostic parameters for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuro Shinohara
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kimie Murayama
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujime
- Division of Urology, Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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