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Mycotoxin Contamination in Hazelnut: Current Status, Analytical Strategies, and Future Prospects. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020099. [PMID: 36828414 PMCID: PMC9965003 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hazelnuts represent a potential source of mycotoxins that pose a public health issue due to their increasing consumption as food ingredients worldwide. Hazelnuts contamination by mycotoxins may derive from fungal infections occurring during fruit development, or in postharvest. The present review considers the available data on mycotoxins detected in hazelnuts, on fungal species reported as infecting hazelnut fruit, and general analytical approaches adopted for mycotoxin investigation. Prompted by the European safety regulation concerning hazelnuts, many analytical methods have focused on the determination of levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total aflatoxins. An overview of the available data shows that a multiplicity of fungal species and further mycotoxins have been detected in hazelnuts, including anthraquinones, cyclodepsipeptides, ochratoxins, sterigmatocystins, trichothecenes, and more. Hence, the importance is highlighted in developing suitable methods for the concurrent detection of a broad spectrum of these mycotoxins. Moreover, control strategies to be employed before and after harvest in the aim of controlling the fungal contamination, and in reducing or inactivating mycotoxins in hazelnuts, are discussed.
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2
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Misra R, Rudnick-Glick S, Adler-Abramovich L. From Folding to Assembly: Functional Supramolecular Architectures of Peptides Comprised of Non-Canonical Amino Acids. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100090. [PMID: 34142442 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The engineering of biological molecules is the fundamental concept behind the design of complex materials with desirable functions. Over the last few decades, peptides and proteins have emerged as useful building blocks for well-defined nanostructures with controlled size and dimensions. Short peptides in particular have received much attention due to their inherent biocompatibility, lower synthetic cost, and ease of tunability. In addition to the diverse self-assembling properties of short peptides comprising coded amino acids and their emerging applications in nanotechnology, there is now growing interest in the properties of peptides composed of non-canonical amino acids. Such non-natural oligomers have been shown in recent years to form well-defined secondary structures similar to natural proteins, with the ability to self-assemble to generate a wide variety of nanostructures with excellent biostability. This review describes recent events in the development of supramolecular assemblies of peptides composed completely of non-coded amino acids and their hybrid analogues. Special attention is paid to understanding the supramolecular assemblies at the atomic level and to considering their potential applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Misra
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Safra Rudnick-Glick
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Lihi Adler-Abramovich
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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3
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Wu G, Dentinger BTM, Nielson JR, Peterson RT, Winter JM. Emerimicins V-X, 15-Residue Peptaibols Discovered from an Acremonium sp. through Integrated Genomic and Chemical Approaches. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1113-1126. [PMID: 33617244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation of Acremonium tubakii W. Gams isolated from a soil sample collected from the University of Utah led to the isolation and characterization of six new linear pentadecapeptides, emerimicins V-X (1-6). Peptaibols containing 15-residues are quite rare, with only 22 reported. Genome mining and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify the emerimicin 60 kbp eme biosynthetic cluster harboring a single 16-module hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptide synthetase. A detailed bioinformatic investigation of the corresponding 15 adenylation domains, combined with 1D and 2D NMR experiments, LC-MS/MS data, and advanced Marfey's method, allowed for the elucidation and absolute configuration of all proteinogenic and nonproteinogenic amino acid residues in 1-6. As some peptaibols possess cytotoxic activity, a zebrafish embryotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the toxicity of the six emerimicins and showed that emerimicin V (1) and VI (2) exhibit the most potent activity. Additionally, out of the six emerimicins, 1 displayed modest activity against Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with MIC values of 64, 32, and 64 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Bryn T M Dentinger
- Natural History Museum of Utah & School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, United States
| | - Jason R Nielson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jaclyn M Winter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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4
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van Bohemen AI, Ruiz N, Zalouk-Vergnoux A, Michaud A, Robiou du Pont T, Druzhinina I, Atanasova L, Prado S, Bodo B, Meslet-Cladiere L, Cochereau B, Bastide F, Maslard C, Marchi M, Guillemette T, Pouchus YF. Pentadecaibins I-V: 15-Residue Peptaibols Produced by a Marine-Derived Trichoderma sp. of the Harzianum Clade. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1271-1282. [PMID: 33600182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the course of investigations on peptaibol chemodiversity from marine-derived Trichoderma spp., five new 15-residue peptaibols named pentadecaibins I-V (1-5) were isolated from the solid culture of the strain Trichoderma sp. MMS1255 belonging to the T. harzianum species complex. Phylogenetic analyses allowed precise positioning of the strain close to T. lentiforme lineage inside the Harzianum clade. Peptaibol sequences were elucidated on the basis of their MS/MS fragmentation and extensive 2D NMR experiments. Amino acid configurations were determined by Marfey's analyses. The pentadecaibins are based on the sequences Ac-Aib1-Gly2-Ala3-Leu4-Aib/Iva5-Gln6-Aib/Iva7-Val/Leu8-Aib9-Ala10-Aib11-Aib12-Aib13-Gln14-Pheol15. Characteristic of the pentadecaibin sequences is the lack of the Aib-Pro motif commonly present in peptaibols produced by Trichoderma spp. Genome sequencing of Trichoderma sp. MMS1255 allowed the detection of a 15-module NRPS-encoding gene closely associated with pentadecaibin biosynthesis. Pentadecaibins were assessed for their potential antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Ruiz
- Université de Nantes, MMS - EA2160, 44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Aurore Michaud
- Université de Nantes, MMS - EA2160, 44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Irina Druzhinina
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Fungal Genomics Laboratory (FungiG), Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Lea Atanasova
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences - BOKU, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Soizic Prado
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bernard Bodo
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Meslet-Cladiere
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Bastien Cochereau
- Université de Nantes, MMS - EA2160, 44000 Nantes, France
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Franck Bastide
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Corentin Maslard
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Muriel Marchi
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Thomas Guillemette
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
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5
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Sphaerostilbellins, New Antimicrobial Aminolipopeptide Peptaibiotics from Sphaerostilbella toxica. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101371. [PMID: 32993102 PMCID: PMC7600149 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphaerostilbella toxica is a mycoparasitic fungus that can be found parasitizing wood-decay basidiomycetes in the southern USA. Organic solvent extracts of fermented strains of S. toxica exhibited potent antimicrobial activity, including potent growth inhibition of human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, the respiratory pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Bioassay-guided separations led to the purification and structure elucidation of new peptaibiotics designated as sphaerostilbellins A and B. Their structures were established mainly by analysis of NMR and HRMS data, verification of amino acid composition by Marfey's method, and by comparison with published data of known compounds. They incorporate intriguing structural features, including an N-terminal 2-methyl-3-oxo-tetradecanoyl (MOTDA) residue and a C-terminal putrescine residue. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for sphaerostilbellins A and B were measured as 2 μM each for C. neoformans, 1 μM each for A. fumigatus, and 4 and 2 μM, respectively, for C. albicans. Murine macrophage cells were unaffected at these concentrations.
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Marik T, Tyagi C, Balázs D, Urbán P, Szepesi Á, Bakacsy L, Endre G, Rakk D, Szekeres A, Andersson MA, Salonen H, Druzhinina IS, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. Structural Diversity and Bioactivities of Peptaibol Compounds From the Longibrachiatum Clade of the Filamentous Fungal Genus Trichoderma. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1434. [PMID: 31293557 PMCID: PMC6606783 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the structural diversity and bioactivity of peptaibol compounds produced by species from the phylogenetically separated Longibrachiatum Clade of the filamentous fungal genus Trichoderma, which contains several biotechnologically, agriculturally and clinically important species. HPLC-ESI-MS investigations of crude extracts from 17 species of the Longibrachiatum Clade (T. aethiopicum, T. andinense, T. capillare, T. citrinoviride, T. effusum, T. flagellatum, T. ghanense, T. konilangbra, T. longibrachiatum, T. novae-zelandiae, T. pinnatum, T. parareesei, T. pseudokoningii, T. reesei, T. saturnisporum, T. sinensis, and T. orientale) revealed several new and recurrent 20-residue peptaibols related to trichobrachins, paracelsins, suzukacillins, saturnisporins, trichoaureocins, trichocellins, longibrachins, hyporientalins, trichokonins, trilongins, metanicins, trichosporins, gliodeliquescins, alamethicins and hypophellins, as well as eight 19-residue sequences from a new subfamily of peptaibols named brevicelsins. Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase genes were mined from the available genome sequences of the Longibrachiatum Clade. Their annotation and product prediction were performed in silico and revealed full agreement in 11 out of 20 positions regarding the amino acids predicted based on the signature sequences and the detected amino acids incorporated. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for structural characterization of four selected peptaibol sequences: paracelsins B, H and their 19-residue counterparts brevicelsins I and IV. Loss of position R6 in brevicelsins resulted in smaller helical structures with higher atomic fluctuation for every residue than the structures formed by paracelsins. We observed the formation of highly bent, almost hairpin-like, helical structures throughout the trajectory, along with linear conformation. Bioactivity tests were performed on the purified peptaibol extract of T. reesei on clinically and phytopathologically important filamentous fungi, mammalian cells, and Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Porcine kidney cells and boar spermatozoa proved to be sensitive to the purified peptaibol extract. Peptaibol concentrations ≥0.3 mg ml-1 deterred the growth of A. thaliana. However, negative effects to plants were not detected at concentrations below 0.1 mg ml-1, which could still inhibit plant pathogenic filamentous fungi, suggesting that those peptaibols reported here may have applications for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Balázs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Bakacsy
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Endre
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Rakk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Heidi Salonen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Irina S. Druzhinina
- Research Area Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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7
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Vargas DF, Larghi EL, Kaufman TS. First total synthesis of ampullosine, a unique isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Sepedonium ampullosporum, and of the related permethylampullosine. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33096-33106. [PMID: 35529133 PMCID: PMC9073199 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06839b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A straightforward and convenient approach toward the first total synthesis of ampullosine, a structurally unique 3-methylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Sepedonium ampullosporum, is reported. Access to the related O-methyl ampullosine methyl ester from a common intermediate is also disclosed. The synthetic sequence toward the natural product comprised a Kolbe-type carboxylation of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and further esterification of the diacid, followed by masking of one of the phenols through selective ester reduction and subsequent acetonide formation. Installation of the three-carbon atom required for the 3-methylpyridine ring was performed by triflation of the remaining free phenol and a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura reaction with potassium E-propenyltrifluoroborate. Deprotection of the acetonide, followed by partial oxidation of the benzylic alcohol to the salicylaldehyde, O-methylation of the free phenol and hydrazonation of the resulting ortho-anisaldehyde derivative gave a hydrazone-based 1-azatriene. This was further subjected to 6π-azaelectrocyclization to afford permethylampullosine (11 steps, 14% overall yield), whereas exhaustive demethylation with AlI3 generated in situ gave ampullosine (12 steps, 3.2% global yield). The first total synthesis of ampullosine, a unique isoquinoline isolated from Sepedonium ampullosporum, is reported. The related permethylampullosine was also synthesized.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier F. Vargas
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Enrique L. Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
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8
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Fox S, Strasdeit H. Inhabited or Uninhabited? Pitfalls in the Interpretation of Possible Chemical Signatures of Extraterrestrial Life. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1622. [PMID: 28970819 PMCID: PMC5609592 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The "Rare Earth" hypothesis-put forward by Ward and Brownlee in their 2000 book of the same title-states that prokaryote-type organisms may be common in the universe but animals and higher plants are exceedingly rare. If this idea is correct, the search for extraterrestrial life is essentially the search for microorganisms. Various indicators may be used to detect extant or extinct microbial life beyond Earth. Among them are chemical biosignatures, such as biomolecules and stable isotope ratios. The present minireview focuses on the major problems associated with the identification of chemical biosignatures. Two main types of misinterpretation are distinguished, namely false positive and false negative results. The former can be caused by terrestrial biogenic contaminants or by abiotic products. Terrestrial contamination is a common problem in space missions that search for biosignatures on other planets and moons. Abiotic organics can lead to false positive results if erroneously interpreted as biomolecules, but also to false negatives, for example when an abiotic source obscures a less productive biological one. In principle, all types of putative chemical biosignatures are prone to misinterpretation. Some, however, are more reliable ("stronger") than others. These include: (i) homochiral polymers of defined length and sequence, comparable to proteins and polynucleotides; (ii) enantiopure compounds; (iii) the existence of only a subset of molecules when abiotic syntheses would produce a continuous range of molecules; the proteinogenic amino acids constitute such a subset. These considerations are particularly important for life detection missions to solar system bodies such as Mars, Europa, and Enceladus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fox
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of HohenheimStuttgart, Germany
| | - Henry Strasdeit
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of HohenheimStuttgart, Germany
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9
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Mohamed-Benkada M, François Pouchus Y, Vérité P, Pagniez F, Caroff N, Ruiz N. Identification and Biological Activities of Long-Chain Peptaibols Produced by a Marine-Derived Strain ofTrichoderma longibrachiatum. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:521-30. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Mohamed-Benkada
- Département de Biotechnologie; Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB); El Mnaouar, B.P. 1505 Bir El Djir 31000 Oran Algeria
| | | | - Philippe Vérité
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique; Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie; Université de Rouen; FR-76000 Rouen
| | - Fabrice Pagniez
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, IICiMed; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
| | - Nathalie Caroff
- Laboratoire Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections; Faculté de Médecine; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
| | - Nicolas Ruiz
- Faculté de Pharmacie, MMS; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
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Otto A, Laub A, Wendt L, Porzel A, Schmidt J, Palfner G, Becerra J, Krüger D, Stadler M, Wessjohann L, Westermann B, Arnold N. Chilenopeptins A and B, Peptaibols from the Chilean Sepedonium aff. chalcipori KSH 883. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:929-38. [PMID: 26953507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Chilean Sepedonium aff. chalcipori strain KSH 883, isolated from the endemic Boletus loyo Philippi, was studied in a polythetic approach based on chemical, molecular, and biological data. A taxonomic study of the strain using molecular data of the ITS, EF1-α, and RPB2 barcoding genes confirmed the position of the isolated strain within the S. chalcipori clade, but also suggested the separation of this clade into three different species. Two new linear 15-residue peptaibols, named chilenopeptins A (1) and B (2), together with the known peptaibols tylopeptins A (3) and B (4) were isolated from the semisolid culture of strain KSH 883. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS(n) experiments in conjunction with comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Thus, the sequence of chilenopeptin A (1) was identified as Ac-Aib(1)-Ser(2)-Trp(3)-Aib(4)-Pro(5)-Leu(6)-Aib(7)-Aib(8)-Gln(9)-Aib(10)-Aib(11)-Gln(12)-Aib(13)-Leu(14)-Pheol(15), while chilenopeptin B (2) differs from 1 by the replacement of Trp(3) by Phe(3). Additionally, the total synthesis of 1 and 2 was accomplished by a solid-phase approach, confirming the absolute configuration of all chiral amino acids as l. Both the chilenopeptins (1 and 2) and tylopeptins (3 and 4) were evaluated for their potential to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Otto
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annegret Laub
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lucile Wendt
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrea Porzel
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jürgen Schmidt
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Götz Palfner
- Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - José Becerra
- Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Dirk Krüger
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research , Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ludger Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bernhard Westermann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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11
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Alves PC, Hartmann DO, Núñez O, Martins I, Gomes TL, Garcia H, Galceran MT, Hampson R, Becker JD, Silva Pereira C. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of ionic liquid stimuli unveils enhanced secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:284. [PMID: 27072538 PMCID: PMC4830055 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inherent potential of filamentous fungi, especially of Ascomycota, for producing diverse bioactive metabolites remains largely silent under standard laboratory culture conditions. Innumerable strategies have been described to trigger their production, one of the simplest being manipulation of the growth media composition. Supplementing media with ionic liquids surprisingly enhanced the diversity of extracellular metabolites generated by penicillia. This finding led us to evaluate the impact of ionic liquids' stimuli on the fungal metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans and how it reflects on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs). RESULTS Whole transcriptional profiling showed that exposure to 0.7 M cholinium chloride or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride dramatically affected expression of genes encoding both primary and secondary metabolism. Both ionic liquids apparently induced stress responses and detoxification mechanisms but response profiles to each stimulus were unique. Primary metabolism was up-regulated by choline, but down-regulated by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; both stimulated production of acetyl-CoA (key precursor to numerous SMs) and non proteinogenic amino acids (building blocks of bioactive classes of SMs). In total, twenty one of the sixty six described backbone genes underwent up-regulation. Accordingly, differential analysis of the fungal metabolome showed that supplementing growth media with ionic liquids resulted in ca. 40 differentially accumulated ion masses compared to control conditions. In particular, it stimulated production of monodictyphenone and orsellinic acid, otherwise cryptic. Expression levels of genes encoding corresponding polyketide biosynthetic enzymes (i.e. backbone genes) increased compared to control conditions. The corresponding metabolite extracts showed increased cell polarity modulation potential in an ex vivo whole tissue assay (The lial Live Targeted Epithelia; theLiTE™). CONCLUSIONS Ionic liquids, a diverse class of chemicals composed solely of ions, can provide an unexpected means to further resolve the diversity of natural compounds, guiding discovery of fungal metabolites with clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula C Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Diego O Hartmann
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Oscar Núñez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Serra Hunter Fellow, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Teresa L Gomes
- Thelial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Nucleo 04 Lote 3, 3060-197, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Helga Garcia
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Galceran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard Hampson
- Thelial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Nucleo 04 Lote 3, 3060-197, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Jörg D Becker
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Silva Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
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12
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Neumann NKN, Stoppacher N, Zeilinger S, Degenkolb T, Brückner H, Schuhmacher R. The peptaibiotics database--a comprehensive online resource. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:743-51. [PMID: 26010663 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present the 'Peptaibiotics Database' (PDB), a comprehensive online resource, which intends to cover all Aib-containing non-ribosomal fungal peptides currently described in scientific literature. This database shall extend and update the recently published 'Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database' and currently consists of 1,297 peptaibiotic sequences. In a literature survey, a total of 235 peptaibiotic sequences published between January 2013 and June 2014 have been compiled, and added to the list of 1,062 peptides in the recently published 'Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database'. The presented database is intended as a public resource freely accessible to the scientific community at peptaibiotics-database.boku.ac.at. The search options of the previously published repository and the presentation of sequence motif searches have been extended significantly. All of the available search options can be combined to create complex database queries. As a public repository, the presented database enables the easy upload of new peptaibiotic sequences or the correction of existing informations. In addition, an administrative interface for maintenance of the content of the database has been implemented, and the design of the database can be easily extended to store additional information to accommodate future needs of the 'peptaibiomics community'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora K N Neumann
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280)
| | - Norbert Stoppacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280).,Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312 Sèvres Cedex
| | - Susanne Zeilinger
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Department of Applied Entomology, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26.32, D-35392 Gießen
| | - Hans Brückner
- Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Department of Food Sciences, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26.32, D-35392 Gießen
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280).
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13
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Informatic search strategies to discover analogues and variants of natural product archetypes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:293-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural products are a crucial source of antimicrobial agents, but reliance on low-resolution bioactivity-guided approaches has led to diminishing interest in discovery programmes. Here, we demonstrate that two in-house automated informatic platforms can be used to target classes of biologically active natural products, specifically, peptaibols. We demonstrate that mass spectrometry-based informatic approaches can be used to detect natural products with high sensitivity, identifying desired agents present in complex microbial extracts. Using our specialised software packages, we could elaborate specific branches of chemical space, uncovering new variants of trichopolyn and demonstrating a way forward in mining natural products as a valuable source of potential pharmaceutical agents.
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14
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Hartmann DO, Petkovic M, Silva Pereira C. Ionic Liquids as Unforeseen Assets to Fight Life-Threatening Mycotic Diseases. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:111. [PMID: 26903990 PMCID: PMC4744837 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids discovery has celebrated 100 years. They consist solely of ions, one of which is typically organic and asymmetrical. Remarkable physical and chemical properties stirred their use as alternative solvents in many chemical processes. The recent demonstration of their occurrence in nature might boost their interest in biological sciences. In the search of mechanistic understandings of ionic liquids’ ecotoxicological impacts in fungi, we have analyzed the proteome, transcriptome, and metabolome responses to this chemical stress. Data illuminated new hypotheses that altered our research path – exploit ionic liquids as tools for the discovery of pathways and metabolites that may impact fungal development and pathogenicity. As we get closer to solve the primary effects of each ionic liquid family and their specific gene targets, the vision of developing antifungal ionic liquids and/or materials, by taking advantage of elegant progresses in this field, might become a reality. Task-designed formulations may improve the performance of conventional antifungal drugs, build functional coatings for reducing allergens production, or aid in the recovery of antifungal plant polymers. The frontier research in this cross-disciplinary field may provide us unforeseen means to address the global concern of mycotic diseases. Pathogenic and opportunistic fungi are responsible for numerous infections, killing annually nearly 1.5 million immunocompromised individuals worldwide, a similar rate to malaria or tuberculosis. This perspective will review our major findings and current hypotheses, contextualizing how they might bring us closer to efficient strategies to prevent and fight mycotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego O Hartmann
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marija Petkovic
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Silva Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Oeiras, Portugal
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15
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Development and validation of LC–MS methods for peptaibol quantification in fungal extracts according to their lengths. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1009-1010:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Otto A, Laub A, Porzel A, Schmidt J, Wessjohann L, Westermann B, Arnold N. Isolation and Total Synthesis of Albupeptins A-D: 11-Residue Peptaibols from the FungusGliocladium album. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Ko KY, Wagner S, Yang SH, Furkert DP, Brimble MA. Improved Synthesis of the Unnatural Amino Acids AHMOD and AMD, Components of the Anticancer Peptaibol Culicinin D. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8631-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yoon Ko
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for
Molecular Biodiscovery. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Wagner
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for
Molecular Biodiscovery. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sung-Hyun Yang
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for
Molecular Biodiscovery. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Daniel P. Furkert
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for
Molecular Biodiscovery. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for
Molecular Biodiscovery. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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18
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Biosynthesis and Molecular Genetics of Peptaibiotics—Fungal Peptides Containing Alpha, Alpha-Dialkyl Amino Acids. Fungal Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2531-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Martinez AFC, Moraes LAB. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry characterization of five new leucinostatins produced by Paecilomyces lilacinus CG-189. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 68:178-84. [PMID: 25182486 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus produces leucinostatins—peptaibiotics that exert a range of biological activities including antimalarial, antiviral, antitumor and phytotoxicity. In this paper, we developed an analytical method employing LC-MS/MS in the precursor ion and product ion scan modes to elucidate five new leucinostatins. Direct Infusion (DI-MS) helped to identify the most abundant leucinostatins: F, D B2, S, A and K. MS/MS analysis using a triple quadrupole operating at different scan modes is a versatile tool to study natural products, especially peptaibiotics. Although DI-MS full-scan analysis is rapid and sensitive, it cannot distinguish between peptide isomers. On the other hand, LC-MS/MS operated in the precursor ion and product ion modes is time consuming, but allows identifying the structure of isomers or isobar in crude extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Canovas Martinez
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo Moraes
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Zeng ZQ, Zhuang WY. A new holomorphic species of Mariannaea and epitypification of M. samuelsii. Mycol Prog 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-014-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Kredics L, Szekeres A, Czifra D, Vágvölgyi C, Leitgeb B. Recent results in alamethicin research. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:744-71. [PMID: 23681724 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged.
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22
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Carroux A, Van Bohemen AI, Roullier C, Robiou du Pont T, Vansteelandt M, Bondon A, Zalouk-Vergnoux A, Pouchus YF, Ruiz N. Unprecedented 17-residue peptaibiotics produced by marine-derived Trichoderma atroviride. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:772-86. [PMID: 23681725 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the course of investigations on marine-derived toxigenic fungi, five strains of Trichoderma atroviride were studied for their production of peptaibiotics. While these five strains were found to produce classical 19-residue peptaibols, three of them exhibited unusual peptidic sodium-adduct [M + 2 Na](2+) ion peaks at m/z between 824 and 854. The sequencing of these peptides led to two series of unprecedented 17-residue peptaibiotics based on the model Ac-XXX-Ala-Ala-XXX-XXX-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Ala/Ser-Lxx-Aib-Pro-XXX-Aib-Lxx-[C(129) ]. The C-terminus of these new peptides was common to all of them, and its elemental formula C5 H9 N2 O2 was established by HR-MS. It could correspond to the cyclized form of N(δ) -hydroxyornithine which has already been observed at the C-terminus of various peptidic siderophores. The comparison of the sequences of 17- and 19-residue peptides showed similarities for positions 1-16. This observation seems to indicate a common biosynthesis pathway. Both new 17-residue peptaibiotics and 19-residue peptaibols exhibited weak in vitro cytotoxicities against KB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Carroux
- University of Nantes, LUNAM, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMS, F-44000 Nantes
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23
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Martins I, Hartmann DO, Alves PC, Planchon S, Renaut J, Leitão MC, Rebelo LP, Silva Pereira C. Proteomic alterations induced by ionic liquids in Aspergillus nidulans and Neurospora crassa. J Proteomics 2013; 94:262-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Roe AD, Rice AV, Bromilow SE, Cooke JEK, Sperling FAH. Multilocus species identification and fungal DNA barcoding: insights from blue stain fungal symbionts of the mountain pine beetle. Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 10:946-59. [PMID: 21565104 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is strong community-wide interest in applying molecular techniques to fungal species delimitation and identification, but selection of a standardized region or regions of the genome has not been finalized. A single marker, the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region, has frequently been suggested as the standard for fungi. We used a group of closely related blue stain fungi associated with the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) to examine the success of such single-locus species identification, comparing the internal transcribed spacer with four other nuclear markers. We demonstrate that single loci varied in their utility for identifying the six fungal species examined, while use of multiple loci was consistently successful. In a literature survey of 21 similar studies, individual loci were also highly variable in their ability to provide consistent species identifications and were less successful than multilocus diagnostics. Accurate species identification is the essence of any molecular diagnostic system, and this consideration should be central to locus selection. Moreover, our study and the literature survey demonstrate the value of using closely related species as the proving ground for developing a molecular identification system. We advocate use of a multilocus barcode approach that is similar to the practice employed by the plant barcode community, rather than reliance on a single locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda D Roe
- CW 405 - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
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25
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Peggion C, Biondi B, Battistella C, De Zotti M, Oancea S, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. Spectroscopically Labeled Peptaibiotics. Synthesis and Properties of Selected Trichogin GA IV Analogs Bearing a Side-Chain-Monofluorinated Aromatic Amino Acid for19F-NMR Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:904-19. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Röhrich CR, Iversen A, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H, Vilcinskas A, Nielsen KF, Thrane U, von Döhren H, Brückner H, Degenkolb T. Screening the biosphere: the fungicolous fungus Trichoderma phellinicola, a prolific source of hypophellins, new 17-, 18-, 19-, and 20-residue peptaibiotics. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:787-812. [PMID: 23681726 PMCID: PMC3734673 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the significance of antibiotics for the producing organism(s) in the natural habitat, we screened a specimen of the fungicolous fungus Trichoderma phellinicola (syn. Hypocrea phellinicola) growing on its natural host Phellinus ferruginosus. Results revealed that a particular group of non-ribosomal antibiotic polypeptides, peptaibiotics, which contain the non-proteinogenic marker amino acid, α-aminoisobutyric acid, was biosynthesized in the natural habitat by the fungicolous producer and, consequently, released into the host. By means of liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we detected ten 20-residue peptaibols in the specimen. Sequences of peptaibiotics found in vivo were independently confirmed by analyzing the peptaibiome of an agar plate culture of T. phellinicola CBS 119283 (ex-type) grown under laboratory conditions. Notably, this strain could be identified as a potent producer of 39 new 17-, 18-, and 19-residue peptaibiotics, which display the same building scheme as the 20-residue peptaibols found in the specimen. Two of the 19-residue peptaibols are tentatively assigned to carry tyrosinol, a novel C-terminal residue, as deduced from high-resolution tandem mass-spectrometry data. For the new peptaibiotics produced by T. phellinicola, the name 'hypophellin(s)', based on the teleomorph name, is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian René Röhrich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project GroupWinchesterstrasse 2, D-35394 Giessen (C. R. R.: phone: +49-641-99-37617, e-mail: ; A. V.: phone: +49-641-99-39500, fax: +49-641-4808-581, e-mail: )
| | - Anita Iversen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Walter Michael Jaklitsch
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of ViennaRennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (W. M. J.: phone: +43-1-4277-54055, e-mail: ; H. V.: phone: +43-4277-54050, e-mail: )
| | - Hermann Voglmayr
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of ViennaRennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (W. M. J.: phone: +43-1-4277-54055, e-mail: ; H. V.: phone: +43-4277-54050, e-mail: )
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Bioresources Project GroupWinchesterstrasse 2, D-35394 Giessen (C. R. R.: phone: +49-641-99-37617, e-mail: ; A. V.: phone: +49-641-99-39500, fax: +49-641-4808-581, e-mail: )
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen (JLU)Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-641-99-37601; e-mail: )
| | - Kristian Fog Nielsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Ulf Thrane
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
| | - Hans von Döhren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of BerlinFranklinstraße 29, D-10587 Berlin (phone: +49-30-314-22697; fax: +49-30-314-24783; e-mail: )
| | - Hans Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-711-349919; e-mail: )
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Microbial Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (A. I.: phone: +45-45252725, e-mail: ; K. F. N.: phone: +45-45252602, fax: +45-45884922, e-mail: ; U. T.: phone: +45-45252630, fax: 45-45884148, e-mail: )
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen (JLU)Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, D-35392 Gießen (phone: +49-641-99-37601; e-mail: )
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Bobone S, Gerelli Y, De Zotti M, Bocchinfuso G, Farrotti A, Orioni B, Sebastiani F, Latter E, Penfold J, Senesi R, Formaggio F, Palleschi A, Toniolo C, Fragneto G, Stella L. Membrane thickness and the mechanism of action of the short peptaibol trichogin GA IV. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:1013-24. [PMID: 23220179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Trichogin GA IV (GAIV) is an antimicrobial peptide of the peptaibol family, like the extensively studied alamethicin (Alm). GAIV acts by perturbing membrane permeability. Previous data have shown that pore formation is related to GAIV aggregation and insertion in the hydrophobic core of the membrane. This behavior is similar to that of Alm and in agreement with a barrel-stave mechanism, in which transmembrane oriented peptides aggregate to form a channel. However, while the 19-amino acid long Alm has a length comparable to the membrane thickness, GAIV comprises only 10 amino acids, and its helix is about half the normal bilayer thickness. Here, we report the results of neutron reflectivity measurements, showing that GAIV inserts in the hydrophobic region of the membrane, causing a significant thinning of the bilayer. Molecular dynamics simulations of GAIV/membrane systems were also performed. For these studies we developed a novel approach for constructing the initial configuration, by embedding the short peptide in the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. These calculations indicated that in the transmembrane orientation GAIV interacts strongly with the polar phospholipid headgroups, drawing them towards its N- and C-termini, inducing membrane thinning and becoming able to span the bilayer. Finally, vesicle leakage experiments demonstrated that GAIV activity is significantly higher with thinner membranes, becoming similar to that of Alm when the bilayer thickness is comparable to its size. Overall, these data indicate that a barrel-stave mechanism of pore formation might be possible for GAIV and for similarly short peptaibols despite their relatively small size.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bobone
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Mikkola R, Andersson MA, Kredics L, Grigoriev PA, Sundell N, Salkinoja-Salonen MS. 20-Residue and 11-residue peptaibols from the fungusTrichoderma longibrachiatumare synergistic in forming Na+/K+-permeable channels and adverse action towards mammalian cells. FEBS J 2012; 279:4172-90. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raimo Mikkola
- Department of Food and Environmental Science; University of Helsinki; Finland
| | - Maria A. Andersson
- Department of Food and Environmental Science; University of Helsinki; Finland
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics; University of Szeged; Hungary
| | | | - Nina Sundell
- Department of Food and Environmental Science; University of Helsinki; Finland
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Antimicrobial peptide trichokonin VI-induced alterations in the morphological and nanomechanical properties of Bacillus subtilis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45818. [PMID: 23049870 PMCID: PMC3458079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are promising alternative antimicrobial agents compared to conventional antibiotics. Understanding the mode of action is important for their further application. We examined the interaction between trichokonin VI, a peptaibol isolated from Trichoderma pseudokoningii, and Bacillus subtilis, a representative Gram-positive bacterium. Trichokonin VI was effective against B. subtilis with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 25 µM. Trichokonin VI exhibited a concentration- and time-dependent effect against B. subtilis, which was studied using atomic force microscopy. The cell wall of B. subtilis collapsed and the roughness increased upon treatment with trichokonin VI. Nanoindentation experiments revealed a progressive decrease in the stiffness of the cells. Furthermore, the membrane permeabilization effect of trichokonin VI on B. subtilis was monitored, and the results suggest that the leakage of intracellular materials is a possible mechanism of action for trichokonin VI, which led to alterations in the morphological and nanomechanical properties of B. subtilis.
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Kennedy DA, Vembu N, Fronczek FR, Devocelle M. Synthesis of mutual azo prodrugs of anti-inflammatory agents and peptides facilitated by α-aminoisobutyric acid. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9641-7. [PMID: 22026631 DOI: 10.1021/jo201358e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reported is the synthesis of azo mutual prodrugs of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) 4-aminophenylacetic acid (4-APAA) or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) with peptides, including an antibiotic peptide temporin analogue modified at the amino terminal by an α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) residue. These prodrugs are designed for colonic delivery of two agents to treat infection and inflammation by the bacterial pathogen Clostridium difficile .
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Kennedy
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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De Zotti M, Biondi B, Crisma M, Hjørringgaard CU, Berg A, Brückner H, Toniolo C. Isovaline in naturally occurring peptides: A nondestructive methodology for configurational assignment. Biopolymers 2011; 98:36-49. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rodríguez MA, Cabrera G, Gozzo FC, Eberlin MN, Godeas A. Clonostachys rosea BAFC3874 as a Sclerotinia sclerotiorum antagonist: mechanisms involved and potential as a biocontrol agent. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 110:1177-86. [PMID: 21385290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To establish the modes of action of the antagonistic fungal strain Clonostachys rosea BAFC3874 isolated from suppressive soils against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and to determine its potential as a biocontrol agent. METHODS AND RESULTS The antagonistic activity of C. rosea BAFC3874 was determined in vitro by dual cultures. The strain effectively antagonized S. sclerotiorum in pot-grown lettuce and soybean plants. Antifungal activity assays of C. rosea BAFC3874 grown in culture established that the strain produced antifungal compounds against S. sclerotiorum associated with secondary metabolism. High mycelial growth inhibition coincided with sclerotia production inhibition. The C. rosea strain produced a microheterogeneous mixture of peptides belonging to the peptaibiotic family. Moreover, mycoparasitism activity was observed in the dual culture. CONCLUSIONS Clonostachys rosea strain BAFC3874 was proved to be an effective antagonist against the aggressive soil-borne pathogen S. sclerotiorum in greenhouse experiments. The main mechanisms involve peptaibiotic metabolite production and mycoparasitism activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Clonostachys rosea BAFC3874 may be a good fungal biological control agent against S. sclerotiorum. In addition, we were also able to isolate and identify peptaibols, an unusual family of compounds in this genus of fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Eid M, Rippa S, Castano S, Desbat B, Chopineau J, Rossi C, Béven L. Exploring the membrane mechanism of the bioactive peptaibol ampullosporin a using lipid monolayers and supported biomimetic membranes. JOURNAL OF BIOPHYSICS (HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION : ONLINE) 2011; 2010:179641. [PMID: 21403824 PMCID: PMC3042626 DOI: 10.1155/2010/179641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ampullosporin A is an antimicrobial, neuroleptic peptaibol, the behavior of which was investigated in different membrane mimetic environments made of egg yolk L-α-phosphatidylcholine. In monolayers, the peptaibol adopted a mixed α/3(10)-helical structure with an in-plane orientation. The binding step was followed by the peptide insertion into the lipid monolayer core. The relevance of the inner lipid leaflet nature was studied by comparing ampullosporin binding on a hybrid bilayer, in which this leaflet was a rigid alkane layer, and on supported fluid lipid bilayers. The membrane binding was examined by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and the effect on lipid dynamics was explored using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. In the absence of voltage and at low concentration, ampullosporin A substantially adsorbed onto lipid surfaces and its interaction with biomimetic models was strongly modified depending on the inner leaflet structure. At high concentration, ampullosporin A addition led to the lipid bilayers disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerita Eid
- UMR 6022 CNRS Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Sonia Rippa
- UMR 6022 CNRS Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Sabine Castano
- CBMN, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets CNRS, UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux I, ENITAB, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Bernard Desbat
- CBMN, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets CNRS, UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux I, ENITAB, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Joël Chopineau
- CNRS, UMR 5253 Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, 34093 Montpellier Cedex, France
- Université de Nîmes, 30000 Nîmes, France
| | - Claire Rossi
- UMR 6022 CNRS Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Laure Béven
- UMR 6022 CNRS Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
- INRA, UMR 1090 Génomique Diversité et Pouvoir Pathogène, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux 2, UMR 1090 Génomique Diversité Pouvoir Pathogène, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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Kruglov AG, Andersson MA, Mikkola R, Roivainen M, Kredics L, Saris NEL, Salkinoja-Salonen MS. Novel mycotoxin from Acremonium exuviarum is a powerful inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 22:565-73. [PMID: 19193189 DOI: 10.1021/tx800317z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel mycotoxin named acrebol, consisting of two closely similar peptaibols (1726 and 1740 Da), was isolated from an indoor strain of the mitosporic ascomycete fungus Acremonium exuviarum. This paper describes the unique mitochondrial toxicity of acrebol, not earlier described for any peptaibol. Acrebol inhibited complex III of the respiratory chain of isolated rat liver mitochondria (1 mg of protein mL(-1)) with an IC(50) of approximately 80 ng mL(-1) (50 nM) after a short preincubation, and 350 ng mL(-1) caused immediate and complete inhibition. Acrebol thus is a complex III inhibitor almost as potent as antimycin A and myxothiazol but completely different in structure. Similarly to myxothiazol but in contrast to antimycin A, acrebol decreased the level of mitochondrial superoxide anion detectable by chemiluminescent probe 3,7-dihydro-2-methyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazol[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-one. Unlike other peptaibols, acrebol in toxic concentrations did not increase the ionic and solute permeability of membranes of isolated rat liver mitochondria, did not induce disturbance of the ionic homeostasis or the osmotic balance of mitochondria, and did not release apoptogenic proteins like cytochrome c from the intermembrane space of mitochondria. In boar spermatozoa, acrebol inhibited the respiratory chain and caused ATP depletion by activation of the oligomycin-sensitive F(0)F(1)-ATPase, which resulted in the inhibition of the progressive movement. In mouse insulinoma MIN-6 cells, whose energy supply solely depends on oxidative phosphorylation, acrebol induced necrosis-like death. The pathophysiological relevance of these findings is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G Kruglov
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Byun BJ, Song IK, Chung YJ, Ryu KH, Kang YK. Conformational Preferences of X-Pro Sequences: Ala-Pro and Aib-Pro Motifs. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14077-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jp107200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Jin Byun
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Database/Bioinformatics Laboratory, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Keun Song
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Database/Bioinformatics Laboratory, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Je Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Database/Bioinformatics Laboratory, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Ho Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Database/Bioinformatics Laboratory, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Database/Bioinformatics Laboratory, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:787-99. [PMID: 20461510 PMCID: PMC2886115 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fungi of the genus Trichoderma are soilborne, green-spored ascomycetes that can be found all over the world. They have been studied with respect to various characteristics and applications and are known as successful colonizers of their habitats, efficiently fighting their competitors. Once established, they launch their potent degradative machinery for decomposition of the often heterogeneous substrate at hand. Therefore, distribution and phylogeny, defense mechanisms, beneficial as well as deleterious interaction with hosts, enzyme production and secretion, sexual development, and response to environmental conditions such as nutrients and light have been studied in great detail with many species of this genus, thus rendering Trichoderma one of the best studied fungi with the genome of three species currently available. Efficient biocontrol strains of the genus are being developed as promising biological fungicides, and their weaponry for this function also includes secondary metabolites with potential applications as novel antibiotics. The cellulases produced by Trichoderma reesei, the biotechnological workhorse of the genus, are important industrial products, especially with respect to production of second generation biofuels from cellulosic waste. Genetic engineering not only led to significant improvements in industrial processes but also to intriguing insights into the biology of these fungi and is now complemented by the availability of a sexual cycle in T. reesei/Hypocrea jecorina, which significantly facilitates both industrial and basic research. This review aims to give a broad overview on the qualities and versatility of the best studied Trichoderma species and to highlight intriguing findings as well as promising applications.
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Iwatsuki M, Kinoshita Y, Niitsuma M, Hashida J, Mori M, Ishiyama A, Namatame M, Nishihara-Tsukashima A, Nonaka K, Masuma R, Otoguro K, Yamada H, Shiomi K, Omura S. Antitrypanosomal peptaibiotics, trichosporins B-VIIa and B-VIIb, produced by Trichoderma polysporum FKI-4452. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2010; 63:331-3. [PMID: 20431618 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2010.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Iwatsuki
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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De Zotti M, Damato F, Formaggio F, Crisma M, Schievano E, Mammi S, Kaptein B, Broxterman QB, Felock PJ, Hazuda DJ, Singh SB, Kirschbaum J, Brückner H, Toniolo C. Total synthesis, characterization, and conformational analysis of the naturally occurring hexadecapeptide integramide A and a diastereomer. Chemistry 2010; 16:316-27. [PMID: 19937615 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Integramide A is a 16-amino acid peptide inhibitor of the enzyme HIV-1 integrase. We have recently reported that the absolute stereochemistries of the dipeptide sequence near the C terminus are L-Iva(14)-D-Iva(15). Herein, we describe the syntheses of the natural compound and its D-Iva(14)-L-Iva(15) diastereomer, and the results of their chromatographic/mass spectrometric analyses. We present the conformational analysis of the two compounds and some of their synthetic intermediates of different main-chain length in the crystal state (by X-ray diffraction) and in solvents of different polarities (using circular dichroism, FTIR absorption, and 2D NMR techniques). These data shed light on the mechanism of inhibition of HIV-1 integrase, which is an important target for anti-HIV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta De Zotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Padova Unit, Department of Chemistry University of Padova via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Gobbo M, Poloni C, De Zotti M, Peggion C, Biondi B, Ballano G, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. Synthesis, Preferred Conformation, and Membrane Activity of Medium-Length Peptaibiotics: Tylopeptin B. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 75:169-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lorito M, Woo SL, Harman GE, Monte E. Translational research on Trichoderma: from 'omics to the field. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2010; 48:395-417. [PMID: 20455700 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-073009-114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural and functional genomics investigations are making an important impact on the current understanding and application of microbial agents used for plant disease control. Here, we review the case of Trichoderma spp., the most widely applied biocontrol fungi, which have been extensively studied using a variety of research approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc. Known for almost a century for their beneficial effects on plants and the soil, these fungi are the subject of investigations that represent a successful case of translational research, in which 'omics-generated novel understanding is directly translated in to new or improved crop treatments and management methods. We present an overview of the latest discoveries on the Trichoderma expressome and metabolome, of the complex and diverse biotic interactions established in nature by these microbes, and of their proven or potential importance to agriculture and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lorito
- Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale (ArBoPaVe), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Napoli, Italy 80138.
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Molnár I, Gibson DM, Krasnoff SB. Secondary metabolites from entomopathogenic Hypocrealean fungi. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1241-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c001459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Grauer A, König B. Peptidomimetics – A Versatile Route to Biologically Active Compounds. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Grauer
- Institute für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐1717
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐1717
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Grauer AA, Cabrele C, Zabel M, König B. Stable right- and left-handed peptide helices containing C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acids. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3718-26. [PMID: 19354242 DOI: 10.1021/jo900222g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Short peptidomimetics with stable secondary structures in solution are of interest for applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine. One way to rigidify the backbone of a peptide is the use of cyclic C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acids (TAAs) like compound 14. The structures resulting from the incorporation of this unnatural amino acid into peptides were investigated. In total, 13 different peptides with a length of up to eight residues and alternating sequences of TAA 14 and (S)- or (R)-valine were synthesized. Their structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and NMR and CD measurements showing that the all-S-backbone-configured peptides 5 and 6 (SS)(2-3) form right-handed 3(10)-helices, while the all-R-configured peptides 11-13 (RR)(2-4) form left-handed 3(10)-helices in the solid state and solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Grauer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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44
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Ren J, Xue C, Tian L, Xu M, Chen J, Deng Z, Proksch P, Lin W. Asperelines A-F, peptaibols from the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma asperellum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1036-1044. [PMID: 19514743 DOI: 10.1021/np900190w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation of the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma asperellum, collected from the sediment of the Antarctic Penguin Island, resulted in the isolation of six new peptaibols named asperelines A-F (1-6), which are characterized by an acetylated N-terminus and a C-terminus containing an uncommon prolinol residue. Structures were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY) spectroscopic data analysis combined with ESIMS/MS fragmentation. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues possessing a chiral alpha-carbon and of the prolinol residue were determined to be L and S, respectively, using a new method of (1)H NMR spectroscopic comparison of complexes formed between the chiral reagent Ru(D(4)-Por*)CO and amino acids derived from the peptaibols with those formed with reference standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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Brückner H, Becker D, Gams W, Degenkolb T. Aib and iva in the biosphere: neither rare nor necessarily extraterrestrial. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:38-56. [PMID: 19180454 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fourty-nine species and strains of filamentous fungi of the genera Acremonium, Bionectria, Clonostachys, Emericellopsis, Hypocrea/Trichoderma, Lecythophora, Monocillium, Nectriopsis, Niesslia, Tolypocladium, and Wardomyces, deposited with the culture collection of the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) in Utrecht, The Netherlands, were grown on nutrient agar plates. Organic extracts of mycelia were analyzed after acidic total hydrolysis and derivatization by GC/SIM-MS on Chirasil-L-Val for the presence of Aib (=alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, 2-methylalanine) and DL-Iva (=isovaline, 2-ethylalanine). In 37 of the hydrolysates, Aib was detected, and in several of them D-Iva or mixtures of D- and L-Iva. Non-proteinogenic Aib, in particular, is a highly specific marker for a distinctive group of fungal polypeptides named peptaibols or, comprehensively, peptaibiotics, i.e., peptides containing Aib and displaying (anti)biotic activities. The biotic synthesis of these amino acids by filamentous fungi contradicts the still widespread belief that alpha,alpha-dialkyl-alpha-amino acids do not or rarely occur in the biosphere and, if detected, are of extraterrestrial origin. The abundant production of peptaibiotics by cosmopolitan species of microfungi has also to be considered in the discussion on the occurrence of Aib and Iva in ancient and recent sediments. The detection of trace amounts of Aib in ice samples of Antarctica that are devoid of meteorites might also be related to the presence of Aib-producing microorganisms, being either indigenous psychrophiles, or being transported and localized by mechanisms related to bioaerosols and cryoconites. The presence of microfungi being capable of producing alpha,alpha-dialkyl alpha-amino acids in terrestrial samples, and possible contamination of extraterrestrial materials are pointed out to be of relevance for the reliable interpretation of cosmogeochemical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen.
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Andersson MA, Mikkola R, Raulio M, Kredics L, Maijala P, Salkinoja-Salonen MS. Acrebol, a novel toxic peptaibol produced by an Acremonium exuviarum indoor isolate. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:909-23. [PMID: 19191958 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify a toxin and its producer isolated from woody material in a building where the occupants experienced serious ill health symptoms. METHODS AND RESULTS Hyphal extracts of an indoor fungus, identified as the cycloheximide-tolerant species Acremonium exuviarum, inhibited motility of boar spermatozoa (EC(50) 5 +/- 2 microg of crude solids ml(-1)) and caused cytolysis of murine neuroblastoma cells (MNA) and feline fetal lung cells (FL). The responsible substances were purified and identified as two structurally similar, heat-stable, novel, toxic peptaibols, 1726 Da and 1740 Da, respectively, with amino acid sequences of Acetyl-Phe-Iva/Val-Gln-Aib-Ile-Thr-Leu-Aib-Pro-Aib-Gln-Pro-Aib-(X-X-X)-SerOH and Acetyl-Phe-Iva/Val-Gln-Aib-Ile-Thr-Leu-Val-Pro-Aib-Gln-Pro-Aib-(X-X-X)-SerOH. Purified acrebol inhibited motility of boar sperm, depleted ATP half-content in 1 day (EC(50) of 0.1 microg ml(-1), 60 nmol l(-1)) depolarised the mitochondria after 2 days, but did not affect the cellular content in NADH. This indicates mitochondrial toxicity. Plate-grown biomass of A. exuviarum BMB4 contained 0.1-1% (w/w) of acrebol, depending on the culture medium. CONCLUSIONS Acrebol paralysed the energy generation of mammalian cells suggesting that mitochondria were its target of action. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Acremonium exuviarum, as an indoor fungus, is potentially hazardous to health because of the toxic peptaibols that it produces.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Andersson
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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De Zotti M, Formaggio F, Kaptein B, Broxterman QB, Felock PJ, Hazuda DJ, Singh SB, Brückner H, Toniolo C. Complete Absolute Configuration of Integramide A, a Natural, 16-mer Peptide Inhibitor of HIV-1 Integrase, Elucidated by Total Synthesis. Chembiochem 2009; 10:87-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chutrakul C, Alcocer M, Bailey K, Peberdy JF. The production and characterisation of trichotoxin peptaibols, by Trichoderma asperellum. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1694-706. [PMID: 18816522 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. are regularly found as a constituent of the mycoflora of many soils and are noted for their antagonistic activity against bacteria and other fungi. This latter property is the basis for the widespread interest in their use in the biological control of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens. This antagonism is partly based on their ability to produce an impressive inventory of secondary metabolites. An important group of bioactive metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. are the non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs), especially the peptaibols. A virulent antagonistic strain, T. asperellum, which had been used in biological control strategies in Malaysia and previously examined for mycolytic enzyme production, has been studied for its potential for peptaibol production. The present research demonstrated the ability of T. asperellum to produce at least two metabolites which were identified as acid trichotoxin 1704E (Ac-Aib-Gly-Aib-Leu-Aib-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Ala-Ala-Aib-Pro-Leu-Aib-Iva-Glu-Vol) and neutral trichotoxin 1717A (Ac-Aib-Gly-Aib-Leu-Aib-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Ala-Aib-Aib-Pro-Leu-Aib-Iva-Gln-Vol). Addition of free Aib to the culture medium enhanced the production of trichotoxins. Biological activity of these substances was investigated against Bacillus stearothermophilus. The general characteristics of peptaibols, also found in the trichotoxins, include the presence of high proportions of the uncommon amino acid Aib, the protection of the N- and C-termini by an acetyl group and reduction of the C-terminus to 2-amino alcohols, respectively, amphipathy and microheterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanikul Chutrakul
- Microbiology Group, School of Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, UK.
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Theis C, Degenkolb T, Brückner H. Studies on the Selective Trifluoroacetolytic Scission of Native Peptaibols and Model Peptides Using HPLC and ESI-CID-MS. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:2337-55. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Degenkolb T, Brückner H. Peptaibiomics: Towards a Myriad of Bioactive Peptides Containing Cα-Dialkylamino Acids? Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1817-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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