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Sarkar D, Monzote L, Gille L, Chatterjee M. Natural endoperoxides as promising anti-leishmanials. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155640. [PMID: 38714091 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of artemisinin, an endoperoxide, encouraged the scientific community to explore endoperoxides as potential anti-parasitic molecules. Although artemisinin derivatives are rapidly evolving as potent anti-malarials, their potential as anti-leishmanials is emerging gradually. The treatment of leishmaniasis, a group of neglected tropical diseases is handicapped by lack of effective vaccines, drug toxicities and drug resistance. The weak antioxidant defense mechanism of the Leishmania parasites due to lack of catalase and a selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase system makes them vulnerable to oxidative stress, and this has been successful exploited by endoperoxides. PURPOSE The study aimed to review the available literature on the anti-leishmanial efficacy of natural endoperoxides with a view to achieve insights into their mode of actions. METHODS We reviewed more around 110 research and review articles restricted to the English language, sourced from electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, Google, Web of Science, Google scholar etc. RESULTS: Natural endoperoxides could potentially augment the anti-leishmanial drug library, with artemisinin and ascaridole emerging as potential anti-leishmanial agents. Due to higher reactivity of the cyclic peroxide moiety, and exploiting the compromised antioxidant defense of Leishmania, endoperoxides like artemisinin and ascaridole potentiate their leishmanicidal efficacy by creating a redox imbalance. Furthermore, these molecules minimally impair oxidative phosphorylation; instead inhibit glycolytic functions, culminating in depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane and depletion of ATP. Additionally, the carbon-centered free radicals generated from endoperoxides, participate in chain reactions that can generate even more reactive organic radicals that are toxic to macromolecules, including lipids, proteins and DNA, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of Leishmania parasites. However, the precise target(s) of the toxic free radicals remains open-ended. CONCLUSION In this overview, the spectrum of natural endoperoxide molecules as major anti-leishmanials and their mechanism of action has been delineated. In view of the substantial evidence that natural endoperoxides (e.g., artemisinin, ascaridole) exert a noxious effect on different species of Leishmania, identification and characterization of other natural endoperoxides is a promising therapeutic option worthy of further pharmacological consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata-700 020, W.B, India
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", Havana 10400, Cuba
| | - Lars Gille
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mitali Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata-700 020, W.B, India.
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Séguin JC, Gagnon D, Bélanger S, Richard D, Fernandez X, Boudreau S, Voyer N. Chemical Composition and Antiplasmodial Activity of the Essential Oil of Rhododendron subarcticum Leaves from Nunavik, Québec, Canada. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16729-16737. [PMID: 37214733 PMCID: PMC10193425 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dwarf Labrador tea, Rhododendron subarcticum Harmaja, is a popular medicinal plant in use by First Nations of Northern Canada, but its phytochemistry has remained largely unexplored. We have isolated and characterized the essential oil from a population of this species harvested near the treeline in Nunavik, Québec. Analyses by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography/flame-ionization detection (GC/FID) led to the identification of 53 compounds; the main secondary metabolites were ascaridole (64.7% of the total FID area) and p-cymene (21.1%). Such a composition resembles a chemotype observed for R. tomentosum, a close relative found mainly in Europe and Asia, but has never been attributed to R. subarcticum. Growth inhibition assays against different strains of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7, Dd2), the parasite responsible for the most severe form of malaria, were conducted with either the R. subarcticum's essential oil or the isolated ascaridole. Our results show that the essential oil's biological activity can be attributed to ascaridole as its IC50 is more than twice that of ascaridole [ascaridole's IC50 values are 147.3 nM (3D7) and 104.9 nM (Dd2)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Séguin
- Département
de chimie and PROTEO, Université
Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, G1V
0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre
d’études nordiques, Université
Laval, 2405 rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominic Gagnon
- Centre
de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université
Laval, 2705 boulevard
Laurier, G1V 4G2 Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Bélanger
- Département
de chimie and PROTEO, Université
Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, G1V
0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Dave Richard
- Département
de microbiologie-infectiologie et d’immunologie, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval, 2705 boulevard Laurier, G1V 4G2 Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre
de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université
Laval, 2705 boulevard
Laurier, G1V 4G2 Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Fernandez
- Université
Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Nice 06108, France
| | - Stéphane Boudreau
- Centre
d’études nordiques, Université
Laval, 2405 rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département
de biologie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, G1V 0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Normand Voyer
- Département
de chimie and PROTEO, Université
Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, G1V
0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre
d’études nordiques, Université
Laval, 2405 rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6 Québec, Québec, Canada
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A Narrative Review of the Antitumor Activity of Monoterpenes from Essential Oils: An Update. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6317201. [PMID: 35655488 PMCID: PMC9155973 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6317201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Monoterpenes are a group of natural products that have been widely studied due to their therapeutic potential against various pathologies. These compounds are abundant in the chemical composition of essential oils. Cancer is a term that covers more than 100 different types of malignant diseases and is among the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, the search for new pharmacotherapeutic options applicable to cancer is urgent. In this review, studies on the antitumor activity of monoterpenes found in essential oils were selected, and botanical, chemical, and pharmacological aspects were discussed. The most investigated monoterpenes were carvacrol and linalool with highly significant in vitro and in vivo tumor inhibition in several types of cancers. The action mechanisms of these natural products are also presented and are wildly varied being apoptosis the most prevalent followed by cell cycle impairment, ROS production, autophagy, necroptosis, and others. The studies reported here confirm the antitumor properties of monoterpenes and their anticancer potential against various types of tumors, as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies using various types of cancer cells and tumors in animal models. The data described serve as a reference for the advancement in the mechanistic studies of these compounds and in the preparation of synthetic derivatives or analogues with a better antitumor profile.
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Therapeutic Potential of Certain Terpenoids as Anticancer Agents: A Scoping Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051100. [PMID: 35267408 PMCID: PMC8909202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease and is considered to be among the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemoresistance, severe toxicity, relapse and metastasis are the major obstacles in cancer therapy. Therefore, introducing new therapeutic agents for cancer remains a priority to increase the range of effective treatments. Terpenoids, a large group of secondary metabolites, are derived from plant sources and are composed of several isoprene units. The high diversity of terpenoids has drawn attention to their potential anticancer and pharmacological activities. Some terpenoids exhibit an anticancer effect by triggering various stages of cancer progression, for example, suppressing the early stage of tumorigenesis via induction of cell cycle arrest, inhibiting cancer cell differentiation and activating apoptosis. At the late stage of cancer development, certain terpenoids are able to inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis via modulation of different intracellular signaling pathways. Significant progress in the identification of the mechanism of action and signaling pathways through which terpenoids exert their anticancer effects has been highlighted. Hence, in this review, the anticancer activities of twenty-five terpenoids are discussed in detail. In addition, this review provides insights on the current clinical trials and future directions towards the development of certain terpenoids as potential anticancer agents.
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Mun H, Townley HE. Nanoencapsulation of Plant Volatile Organic Compounds to Improve Their Biological Activities. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:236-251. [PMID: 33176380 DOI: 10.1055/a-1289-4505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile organic compounds (volatiles) are secondary plant metabolites that play crucial roles in the reproduction, defence, and interactions with other vegetation. They have been shown to exhibit a broad range of biological properties and have been investigated for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. In addition, they are thought be more environmentally friendly than many other synthetic chemicals 1. Despite these facts, their applications in the medical, food, and agricultural fields are considerably restricted due to their volatilities, instabilities, and aqueous insolubilities. Nanoparticle encapsulation of plant volatile organic compounds is regarded as one of the best strategies that could lead to the enhancement of the bioavailability and biological activity of the volatile compounds by overcoming their physical limitations and promoting their controlled release and cellular absorption. In this review, we will discuss the biosynthesis and analysis of plant volatile organic compounds, their biological activities, and limitations. Furthermore, different types of nanoparticle platforms used to encapsulate the volatiles and the biological efficacies of nanoencapsulated volatile organic compounds will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakmin Mun
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen E Townley
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Oluwaseun Adetunji C, El Omari N, Balahbib A, Taheri Y, Bouyahya A, Martorell M, Martins N, Cho WC. Natural Products and Synthetic Analogs as a Source of Antitumor Drugs. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E679. [PMID: 31683894 PMCID: PMC6920853 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and one of the major issues of health concern, especially for the public health system globally. Nature is a source of anticancer drugs with abundant pool of diverse chemicals and pharmacologically active compounds. In recent decade, some natural products and synthetic analogs have been investigated for the cancer treatment. This article presents the utilization of natural products as a source of antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State 300271, Nigeria.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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Caracasine acid, an ent-3,4-seco-kaurene, promotes apoptosis and cell differentiation through NFkB signal pathway inhibition in leukemia cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 862:172624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Mariano XM, de Souza WFM, Rocha CB, Moreira RFA. Bioactive volatile fraction of Chilean boldo (Peumus boldus Molina) – an overview. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2019.1617797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Maia Mariano
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Wanderson Fernando Mello de Souza
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Barbosa Rocha
- Lab. de Estudos de Ervas Medicinais (LEEM), Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Felipe Alves Moreira
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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9
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Cassels BK, Fuentes-Barros G, Castro-Saavedra S. Boldo, Its Secondary Metabolites and their Derivatives. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083804666181113112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Boldo leaves (Boldo folium, from Peumus boldus Mol.) are very frequently used as a medicinal herb in Chile and are exported to many countries to be used in teas or as extracts included in herbal remedies, primarily as an aid to digestion and as a mild sedative. Scientific support for these uses is scanty, and boldine, an alkaloid viewed as characteristic of the tree and present in high concentration in the bark, is extracted by specialized companies and sold as the supposed main active constituent. Consequently, boldine has been the subject of a considerable number of research papers, while some of the other alkaloids present to a greater extent in the leaves have been relatively neglected except when found in large amounts in other species. These studies range from assays of antioxidant activity to anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and other medical applications. The essential oil, usually containing a large percentage of the toxic ascaridole, was once used as a vermifuge and is now regarded with caution, but is still of interest as a possible natural insecticide, fungicide, antiparasitic and herbicide. The last decade has seen an explosive increase in papers pointing to possible uses of boldo and its constituents. This review attempts to bring these publications together in a comprehensive way with the purpose of stimulating and orienting further research into the useful properties of this Chilean endemic tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce K. Cassels
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lima EJSPD, Alves RG, D Elia GMA, Anunciação TAD, Silva VR, Santos LDS, Soares MBP, Cardozo NMD, Costa EV, Silva FMAD, Koolen HHF, Bezerra DP. Antitumor Effect of the Essential Oil from the Leaves of Croton matourensis Aubl. (Euphorbiaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112974. [PMID: 30441836 PMCID: PMC6278459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Croton matourensis Aubl. (synonym Croton lanjouwensis Jabl.), popularly known as “orelha de burro”, “maravuvuia”, and/or “sangrad’água”, is a medicinal plant used in Brazilian folk medicine as a depurative and in the treatment of infections, fractures, and colds. In this work, we investigated the chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic and in vivo antitumor effects of the essential oil (EO) from the leaves of C. matourensis collected from the Amazon rainforest. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID), respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity of the EO was assessed in cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT116, HepG2, and HL-60) and the non-cancer cell line (MRC-5) using the Alamar blue assay. Furthermore, annexin V-FITC/PI staining and the cell cycle distribution were evaluated with EO-treated HepG2 cells by flow cytometry. In vivo efficacy of the EO (40 and 80 mg/kg/day) was demonstrated in C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice with HepG2 cell xenografts. The EO included β-caryophyllene, thunbergol, cembrene, p-cymene, and β-elemene as major constituents. The EO exhibited promising cytotoxicity and was able to cause phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation without loss of the cell membrane integrity in HepG2 cells. In vivo tumor mass inhibition rates of the EO were 34.6% to 55.9%. Altogether, these data indicate the anticancer potential effect of C. matourensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilly J S P de Lima
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Amazonas State University (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, 690065-130, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela G Alves
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
| | - Gigliola M A D Elia
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Amazonas State University (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, 690065-130, Brazil.
| | - Talita A da Anunciação
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
| | - Valdenizia R Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
| | - Luciano de S Santos
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
- Center of Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, 41253-190, Brazil.
| | | | - Emmanoel V Costa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil.
| | - Felipe M A da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil.
| | - Hector H F Koolen
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Amazonas State University (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, 690065-130, Brazil.
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
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In Vitro Bioactivity of Methanolic Extracts from Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Schiede ex Standl., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Cirsium mexicanum DC., Eryngium carlinae F. Delaroche, and Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Used in Traditional Medicine in Mexico. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3610364. [PMID: 29681972 PMCID: PMC5851410 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3610364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μg/ml), and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μg/ml). The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC50 = 45 μg/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (CC50 = 126 μg/ml); interestingly, leaves of C. ambrosioides (CC50 = 563 μg/ml) and bark of P. dulce (CC50 = 347 μg/ml) extracts were much less cytotoxic. We describe for the first time the cytotoxic effect from extracts of the aerial parts and the flowers of Cirsium mexicanum (CC50 = 323 μg/ml and CC50 = 250 μg/ml, resp.). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated for both extracts high tannin and saponin and low flavonoid content, while terpenoids were found in the flowers. For the first time we report a cytotoxicological study on an extract of Eryngium carlinae (CC50 = 356 μg/ml) and likewise the bark extract from Amphipterygium adstringens (CC50 = 342 μg/ml). In conclusion the fruit extract of C. ambrosioides is a potential candidate for further biological studies.
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12
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Mechanism of ascaridole activation in Leishmania. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 132:48-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Meireles DR, Fernandes HM, Rolim TL, Batista TM, Mangueira VM, Sousa TKD, Pita JC, Xavier AL, Beltrão DM, Tavares JF, Silva MS, Medeiros KK, Sobral MV. Toxicity and antitumor efficacy of Croton polyandrus oil against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antitumor activity of monoterpenes found in essential oils. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:953451. [PMID: 25401162 PMCID: PMC4220615 DOI: 10.1155/2014/953451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex genetic disease that is a major public health problem worldwide, accounting for about 7 million deaths each year. Many anticancer drugs currently used clinically have been isolated from plant species or are based on such substances. Accumulating data has revealed anticancer activity in plant-derived monoterpenes. In this review the antitumor activity of 37 monoterpenes found in essential oils is discussed. Chemical structures, experimental models, and mechanisms of action for bioactive substances are presented.
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Essential oils and their constituents as anticancer agents: a mechanistic view. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:154106. [PMID: 25003106 PMCID: PMC4070586 DOI: 10.1155/2014/154106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exploring natural plant products as an option to find new chemical entities as anticancer agents is one of the fastest growing areas of research. Recently, in the last decade, essential oils (EOs) have been under study for their use in cancer therapy and the present review is an attempt to collect and document the available studies indicating EOs and their constituents as anticancer agents. This review enlists nearly 130 studies of EOs from various plant species and their constituents that have been studied so far for their anticancer potential and these studies have been classified as in vitro and in vivo studies for EOs and their constituents. This review also highlights in-depth various mechanisms of action of different EOs and their constituents reported in the treatment strategies for different types of cancer. The current review indicates that EOs and their constituents act by multiple pathways and mechanisms involving apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic, increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), DNA repair modulation, and others to demonstrate their antiproliferative activity in the cancer cell. The effect of EOs and their constituents on tumour suppressor proteins (p53 and Akt), transcription factors (NF- κB and AP-1), MAPK-pathway, and detoxification enzymes like SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase has also been discussed.
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Bhalla Y, Gupta VK, Jaitak V. Anticancer activity of essential oils: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3643-53. [PMID: 23765679 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural essential oil constituents play an important role in cancer prevention and treatment. Essential oil constituents from aromatic herbs and dietary plants include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and phenolics among others. Various mechanisms such antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiproliferative, enhancement of immune function and surveillance, enzyme induction and enhancing detoxification, modulation of multidrug resistance and synergistic mechanism of volatile constituents are responsible for their chemopreventive properties. This review covers the most recent literature to summarize structural categories and molecular anticancer mechanisms of constituents from aromatic herbs and dietary plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Bhalla
- Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, (Pb), 151001, India
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de Oliveira TL, Munhoz ACM, Lemes BM, Minozzo BR, Nepel A, Barison A, Fávero GM, Campagnoli EB, Beltrame FL. Antitumoural effect of Synadenium grantii Hook f. (Euphorbiaceae) latex. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:263-269. [PMID: 24008110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synadenium grantii Hook f. has traditionally been used to treat various neoplastic diseases in southern Brazil. AIM OF STUDY Evaluation of the antitumoural potential of Synadenium grantii latex against B16F10 melanoma cell line using in vitro and in vivo models, as well as a phytochemical study of the latex. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro antitumoural activity was performed using MTT and trypan blue assays with different latex concentrations (1.7 µg-7.0 µg/well and 1.22 mg-4.88 mg/well). Flow cytometry was used to determine the progression of the cell cycle. The in vivo activity was performed by subcutaneously injecting melanoma cells in the dorsum of C57BL6 mice, followed by treating the mice with a popular form of use of the latex (garrafada) administered orally. After sacrificing the animals, histological analysis of the organs was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The phytochemical study of the latex was performed by NMR and chromatographic procedures and the extracts and isolated substances were evaluated by IR, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. RESULTS The Synadenium grantii latex exhibited decreased cell viability of the melanoma line in a concentration and time-dependent manner, and also cell cycle arrest in the S-G2/M phase. The latex caused a 40% reduction in the volume of tumours of the mice with melanomas. Histological examination of the organs of these animals showed no differences between groups. The phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation and identification of triterpene euphol and the steroid citrostadienol, which were tested against the strain of melanoma. Euphol showed no antitumoural activity, while the steroid citrostadienol showed reduced cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION The Synadenium grantii latex presented in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic effects with antitumoural activity against B16F10 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Latansio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, General Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue 4748, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, Paraná, Brazil
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Croton lechleri Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark essential oil as possible mutagen-protective food ingredient against heterocyclic amines from cooked food. Food Chem 2013; 139:439-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Domínguez F, López-Toledo G, Chávez M, Ortiz-Tello ADJ, García-Carrancá A. Antitumor effect of Croton lechleri Mull. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:438-42. [PMID: 22301443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHARMAGOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Medicinal plants are an important source of antitumor compounds. This study evaluated the acute toxicity in mice, as well as the cytotoxic and antitumoral effects of methanolic extracts of Croton lechleri leaves (CLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of CLE on human cancer cell lines and human non-cancerous cells was evaluated using the MTT and apoptosis assays. Apoptosis induced by CLE on human cancer cell lines was determined using flow cytometry with annexin-Alexa 488/propidium iodide. The acute toxicity in mice was performed according to the Lorke procedure. Different doses of CLE were injected intraperitoneally daily into athymic mice bearing tumor during 18 days. The growth and weight of tumors was measured. RESULTS CLE showed low IC(50) values on HeLa (17μg/ml) cells but lack toxic effects against human normal cells. Induction of cell death in HeLa cells by CLE was confirmed by an increase of apoptosis (Annexin/PI) by 30% compared to untreated cells. The LD(50) was 356mg/kg by intraperitoneal route (i.p.) and 500mg/kg by oral route. CLE administrated at 1, 10 and 50mg/kg i.p. inhibited the tumor growth by 38%, 48% and 59%, respectively, in mice bearing HeLa tumor. CONCLUSION Croton lechleri shows moderate toxic effects in vivo, exerts cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells and has antitumor effects in mice bearing HeLa tumor.
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Abbasi R, Efferth T, Kuhmann C, Opatz T, Hao X, Popanda O, Schmezer P. The endoperoxide ascaridol shows strong differential cytotoxicity in nucleotide excision repair-deficient cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 259:302-10. [PMID: 22280988 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeting synthetic lethality in DNA repair pathways has become a promising anti-cancer strategy. However little is known about such interactions with regard to the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Therefore, cell lines with a defect in the NER genes ERCC6 or XPC and their normal counterparts were screened with 53 chemically defined phytochemicals isolated from plants used in traditional Chinese medicine for differential cytotoxic effects. The screening revealed 12 drugs that killed NER-deficient cells more efficiently than proficient cells. Five drugs were further analyzed for IC(50) values, effects on cell cycle distribution, and induction of DNA damage. Ascaridol was the most effective compound with a difference of >1000-fold in resistance between normal and NER-deficient cells (IC(50) values for cells with deficiency in ERCC6: 0.15μM, XPC: 0.18μM, and normal cells: >180μM). NER-deficiency combined with ascaridol treatment led to G2/M-phase arrest, an increased percentage of subG1 cells, and a substantially higher DNA damage induction. These results were confirmed in a second set of NER-deficient and -proficient cell lines with isogenic background. Finally, ascaridol was characterized for its ability to generate oxidative DNA damage. The drug led to a dose-dependent increase in intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species at cytotoxic concentrations, but only NER-deficient cells showed a strongly induced amount of 8-oxodG sites. In summary, ascaridol is a cytotoxic and DNA-damaging compound which generates intracellular reactive oxidative intermediates and which selectively affects NER-deficient cells. This could provide a new therapeutic option to treat cancer cells with mutations in NER genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashda Abbasi
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Chidambara Murthy KN, Jayaprakasha GK, Mantur SM, Patil BS. Citrus Monoterpenes: Potential Source of Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1093.ch031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotamballi N. Chidambara Murthy
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - G. K. Jayaprakasha
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Shivappa M. Mantur
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | - Bhimanagouda S. Patil
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
- Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
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Maurya RA, Park CP, Kim DP. Triple-channel microreactor for biphasic gas-liquid reactions: Photosensitized oxygenations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1158-63. [PMID: 21915221 PMCID: PMC3170200 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A triple-channel microreactor fabricated by means of a soft-lithography technique was devised for efficient biphasic gas–liquid reactions. The excellent performance of the microreactor was demonstrated by carrying out photosensitized oxygenations of α-terpinene, citronellol, and allyl alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Awatar Maurya
- National Creative Research Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea, www.camc.re.kr
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Villarreal ML, Salazar-Olivo LA, Gomez-Sanchez M, Dominguez F, Garcia-Carranca A. Mexican medicinal plants used for cancer treatment: pharmacological, phytochemical and ethnobotanical studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:945-72. [PMID: 21146599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY This review provides a summary of Mexican medicinal flora in terms of ethnobotanical, pharmacology, and chemistry of natural products related to anticancer activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing recognized books and peer-reviewed papers, consulting worldwide accepted scientific databases from the last five decades. Mexican plants with attributed anti-cancer properties were classified into six groups: (a) plant extracts that have been evaluated for cytotoxic effects, (b) plant extracts that have documented anti-tumoral effects, (c) plants with active compounds tested on cancer cell lines, (d) plants with novel active compounds found only in Mexican species, (e) plants with active compounds that have been assayed on animal models and (f) plants with anti-cancer ethnopharmacological references but without scientific studies. RESULTS Three hundred plant species belonging to 90 botanical families used for cancer treatment have been recorded, of which only 181 have been experimentally analyzed. The remaining 119 plant species are in use in empirical treatment of diseases consistent with cancer symptomatology. Only 88 of the plant extracts experimentally studied in in vitro cellular models have demonstrated active cytotoxic effects in at least one cancer cell line, and 14 out of the 88 have also been tested in vivo with the results that one of them demonstrated anti-neoplasic effects. A total of 187 compounds, belonging to 19 types of plant secondary metabolites, have been isolated from 51 plant extracts with active cytotoxic effects, but only 77 of these compounds (41%) have demonstrated cytoxicity. Seventeen of these active principles have not been reported in other plant species. However, only 5 compounds have been evaluated in vivo, and 3 of them could be considered as active. CONCLUSION Clearly, this review indicates that it is time to increase the number of experimental studies and to begin to conduct clinical trials with those Mexican plants and its active compounds selected by in vitro and in vivo activities. Also, the mechanisms of action by which plant extracts and their active compounds exert anti-cancer effects remain to be studied.
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Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process which could be prevented by phytochemicals. Phytochemicals from dietary plants and other plant sources such as herbs are becoming increasingly important sources of anticancer drugs or compounds for cancer chemoprevention or adjuvant chemotherapy. Phytochemicals can prevent cancer initiation, promotion, and progression by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects which are mediated by integrated Nrf2, NF-kappaB, and AP-1 signaling pathways. In addition, phytochemicals from herbal medicinal plants and/or some dietary plants developed in recent years have been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. In advanced tumors, a series of changes involving critical signaling molecules that would drive tumor cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and becoming invasive. In this review, we will discuss the potential molecular targets and signaling pathways that mediate tumor onset and metastasis. In addition, we will shed light on some of the phytochemicals that are capable of targeting these signaling pathways which would make them potentially applicable to cancer chemoprevention, treatment and control of cancer progression.
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Torres M, Braz-Filho R, Silveira E, Diniz J, Viana F, Pessoa O. Terpenoids fromCroton regelianus. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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