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Deda DK, Iglesias BA, Alves E, Araki K, Garcia CRS. Porphyrin Derivative Nanoformulations for Therapy and Antiparasitic Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092080. [PMID: 32365664 PMCID: PMC7249045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyrins and analogous macrocycles exhibit interesting photochemical, catalytic, and luminescence properties demonstrating high potential in the treatment of several diseases. Among them can be highlighted the possibility of application in photodynamic therapy and antimicrobial/antiparasitic PDT, for example, of malaria parasite. However, the low efficiency generally associated with their low solubility in water and bioavailability have precluded biomedical applications. Nanotechnology can provide efficient strategies to enhance bioavailability and incorporate targeted delivery properties to conventional pharmaceuticals, enhancing the effectiveness and reducing the toxicity, thus improving the adhesion to the treatment. In this way, those limitations can be overcome by using two main strategies: (1) Incorporation of hydrophilic substituents into the macrocycle ring while controlling the interaction with biological systems and (2) by including them in nanocarriers and delivery nanosystems. This review will focus on antiparasitic drugs based on porphyrin derivatives developed according to these two strategies, considering their vast and increasing applications befitting the multiple roles of these compounds in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana K. Deda
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Butanta, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.K.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Bernardo A. Iglesias
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Eduardo Alves
- Department of Life Science, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Koiti Araki
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Butanta, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.K.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Celia R. S. Garcia
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-2648-0954
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Namiecińska E, Sobiesiak M, Małecka M, Guga P, Rozalska B, Budzisz E. Antimicrobial and Structural Properties of Metal Ions Complexes with Thiosemicarbazide Motif and Related Heterocyclic Compounds. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:664-693. [PMID: 29493443 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180228164656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance acquired by various bacterial fungal and viral pathogens poses therapeutic problems of increasing severity. Among the infections that are very difficult to treat, biofilm-associated cases are one of the most hazardous. Complex structure of a biofilm and unique physiology of the biofilm cells contribute to their extremely high resistance to environmental conditions, antimicrobial agents and the mechanisms of host immune response. Therefore, the biofilm formation, especially by multidrugresistant pathogens, is a serious medical problem, playing a pivotal role in the development of chronic and recurrent infections. These factors create a limitation for using traditional chemiotherapeutics and contribute to a request for development of new approaches for treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, early reports on antimicrobial activity of several complexes of metal ions, bearing thiosemicarbazide or thiosemicarbazones as the ligands, gave a boost to worldwide search for new, more efficient compounds of this class, to be used as alternatives to commonly known drugs. In general, depending on the presence of other heteroatoms, these ligands may function in a di-, tri- or tetradentate forms (e.g., of N,S,-, N,N,S-, N,N,N,S-, N,N,S,S-, or N,S,O-type), which impose different coordination geometries to the resultant complexes. In the first part of this review, we describe the ways of synthesis and the structures of the ligands based on the thiosemicarbazone motif, while the second part deals with the antimicrobial activity of their complexes with selected metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Namiecińska
- Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Sobiesiak
- Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Department of Theoretical and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Guga
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Rozalska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Budzisz
- Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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Synthesis, antibacterial and antiproliferative potential of some new 1-pyridinecarbonyl-4-substituted thiosemicarbazide derivatives. Med Chem Res 2016; 25:1666-1677. [PMID: 27499604 PMCID: PMC4958397 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the antibacterial, cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of novel thiosemicarbazide derivatives were assessed. Our results demonstrated that some of the novel compounds possess good antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcussanguinis and are only slightly cytotoxic; thus, they exhibit an excellent therapeutic index, which is higher than that of ethacridine lactate. Moreover, our data showed that compounds 2 and 4 have an antiproliferative activity against human breast adenocarcinoma and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. We expect that the novel thiosemicarbazide derivatives can be used as agents for treatment of dental caries and also for chemotherapy support.
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Yao YH, Li J, Yuan LF, Zhang ZQ, Zhang FX. Novel porphyrin–Schiff base conjugates: synthesis, characterization and in vitro photodynamic activities. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05682b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three novel porphyrin–Schiff base conjugates were synthesized and characterized. Their phototoxic activities were improved after irradiation and increased significantly with the increase of doses against A431 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Long-Fei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Zeng-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Feng-Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
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Azam A, Peerzada MN, Ahmad K. Parasitic diarrheal disease: drug development and targets. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1183. [PMID: 26617574 PMCID: PMC4621754 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea is the manifestation of gastrointestinal infection and is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity specifically among the children of less than 5 years age worldwide. Moreover, in recent years there has been a rise in the number of reports of intestinal infections continuously in the industrialized world. These are largely related to waterborne and food borne outbreaks. These occur by the pathogenesis of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms like bacteria and parasites. The parasitic intestinal infection has remained mostly unexplored and under assessed in terms of therapeutic development. The lack of new drugs and the risk of resistance have led us to carry out this review on drug development for parasitic diarrheal diseases. The major focus has been depicted on commercially available drugs, currently synthesized active heterocyclic compounds and unique drug targets, that are vital for the existence and growth of the parasites and can be further exploited for the search of therapeutically active anti-parasitic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Azam
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi, India
| | - Mudasir N. Peerzada
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi, India
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Negi B, Raj KK, Siddiqui SM, Ramachandran D, Azam A, Rawat DS. In vitro antiamoebic activity evaluation and docking studies of metronidazole-triazole hybrids. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2439-44. [PMID: 25146853 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An in-house database of 520 compounds was docked against Entamoeba histolytica thioredoxin reductase (EhTrR), a promising target for the treatment of amoebiasis. Amongst these, some metronidazole (MTZ)-triazole hybrids were ranked high, with docking scores from -10.23 to -7.56. Studies of the binding orientations and conformations show that the head groups of MTZ-triazole hybrids interact with the arginine residues within the binding pocket of EhTrR, making it clear that such is the optimal and most reliable orientation for this class of compounds. The top-ten MTZ-triazole hybrids were then selected for evaluation of their activity against the HM1:IMSS strain of amoeba. The most active compound, 2-pyridyl-(1,2,3-triazolyl)metronidazole 10, with an IC50 value of 8.4 nM, was significantly more active than the standard drug MTZ alone. Docking studies revealed that compound 10 may act as an EhTrR inhibitor with activity in the nanomolar range and satisfactory ADME properties; it is a suitable candidate to be carried forward as a potential lead in the discovery of drugs to combat amoebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Negi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007 (India)
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Glinma B, Kpoviessi SDS, Gbaguidi FA, Kapanda CN, Bero J, Quetin-Leclercq J, Moudachirou M, Poupaert J, Accrombessi GC, Gachomo EW, Baba-Moussa L, Kotchoni SO. Trypanocidal and cytotoxic evaluation of synthesized thiosemicarbazones as potential drug leads against sleeping sickness. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:1617-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-3008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zeng W, Ishida M, Lee S, Sung YM, Zeng Z, Ni Y, Chi C, Kim D, Wu J. A
p
‐Quinodimethane‐Bridged Porphyrin Dimer. Chemistry 2013; 19:16814-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangdong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6779‐1691
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120‐749 (Korea), Fax: (+82) 2‐2123‐2434
| | - Sangsu Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120‐749 (Korea), Fax: (+82) 2‐2123‐2434
| | - Young Mo Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120‐749 (Korea), Fax: (+82) 2‐2123‐2434
| | - Zebing Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6779‐1691
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6779‐1691
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6779‐1691
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120‐749 (Korea), Fax: (+82) 2‐2123‐2434
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6779‐1691
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 3 Research Link, 117602 (Singapore)
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Maity A, Das S, Mandal S, Gupta P, Purkayastha P. Interaction of semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide pyrene derivatives with anionic and cationic micelles: changed character of pyrene due to alteration in charge density induced by the side chains. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41029c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Hassanien MM, Mortada WI, Hassan AM, El-Asmy AA. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of 4-(p-Chlorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)thiosemicarbazide and Its Metal Complexes. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.6.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Siddiqui SM, Salahuddin A, Azam A. Thiosemicarbazone fragment embedded within 1,2,4-triazole ring as inhibitors of Entamoeba histolytica. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2768-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bhat AR, Tazeem, Azam A, Choi I, Athar F. 3-(1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-yl)quinoline derivatives: Synthesis, characterization and anti-microbial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3158-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yamaguchi MU, Barbosa da Silva AP, Ueda-Nakamura T, Dias Filho BP, Conceição da Silva C, Nakamura CV. Effects of a thiosemicarbazide camphene derivative on Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Molecules 2009; 14:1796-807. [PMID: 19471200 PMCID: PMC6254219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14051796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazides are compounds known for their biological activity, particularly their antimicrobial properties, which include activity against fungi. The difficulty of treating fungal diseases induced us to assess the antifungal properties of some novel thiosemicarbazide compounds. We selected the natural products limonene and camphene as sources for the preparation of these new thiosemicarbazide derivatives. The compound N(4)-[2,2-dimethyl-3-methylnorbornane]-thiosemicarbazide (TIO C) showed an antifungal effect on Trichophyton mentagrophytes, with values of MIC = 55 μmol L-1 and MFC = 110 μmol L-1. Scanning-electron microscopy showed a decrease in mycelium development and morphological alterations of T. mentagrophytes cultured on nail fragments and treated with TIO C. In an attempt to discover its mode of action, we noted that ergosterol is apparently not a target of TIO C activity. An effect of TIO C on T. mentagrophytes cell walls and dividing cross-walls was shown by observed impairment of the fluorescence of tissues stained with calcofluor white, a specific marker for fungal chitin, suggesting that the compound can affect and damage the cell-wall structure or may interfere with its formation, during cell division, growth, and morphogenesis. This approach to the synthesis of new derivatives might provide interesting compounds with greater biological activity in pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brazil; E-mails: (M-U.Y.), (T-U.N.), (B-D.F.), (C-V.N.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: ; Tel: +55 44 3261 1397; Fax: +55 44 3261 4860
| | | | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brazil; E-mails: (M-U.Y.), (T-U.N.), (B-D.F.), (C-V.N.)
| | - Benedito Prado Dias Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brazil; E-mails: (M-U.Y.), (T-U.N.), (B-D.F.), (C-V.N.)
| | | | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, PR, Brazil; E-mails: (M-U.Y.), (T-U.N.), (B-D.F.), (C-V.N.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: ; Tel: +55 44 3261 1397; Fax: +55 44 3261 4860
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López-Torres E, Dilworth J. Reactivity of Thiosemicarbazides with Redox Active Metal Ions: Controlled Formation of Coordination Complexes versus Heterocyclic Compounds. Chemistry 2009; 15:3012-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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