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Schlauer J, Fleischmann A, Hartmeyer SRH, Hartmeyer I, Rischer H. Distribution of Acetogenic Naphthoquinones in Droseraceae and Their Chemotaxonomic Utility. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:97. [PMID: 38392315 PMCID: PMC10886480 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Chemotaxonomy is the link between the state of the art in analytical chemistry and the systematic classification and phylogenetic analysis of biota. Although the characteristic secondary metabolites from diverse biotic sources have been used in pharmacology and biological systematics since the dawn of mankind, only comparatively recently established reproducible methods have allowed the precise identification and distinction of structurally similar compounds. Reliable, rapid screening methods like TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) can be used to investigate sufficiently large numbers of samples for chemotaxonomic purposes. Using distribution patterns of mutually exclusive naphthoquinones, it is demonstrated in this review how a simple set of chemical data from a representative sample of closely related species in the sundew family (Droseraceae, Nepenthales) provides taxonomically and phylogenetically informative signal within the investigated group and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schlauer
- The Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fleischmann
- Botanische Staatssammlung München, Menzinger Strasse 67, D-80638 Munich, Germany
- GeoBio-Center LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-80539 München, Germany
| | | | - Irmgard Hartmeyer
- Independent Researcher, Wittlinger Str. 5, D-79576 Weil am Rhein, Germany
| | - Heiko Rischer
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tekniikantie 21, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland
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Rizvi A, Ahmed B, Khan MS, El-Beltagi HS, Umar S, Lee J. Bioprospecting Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Enhancing the Biological Properties and Phytochemical Composition of Medicinally Important Crops. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041407. [PMID: 35209196 PMCID: PMC8880754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, medicinal plants have long been used as a natural therapy. Plant-derived extracts or phytochemicals have been exploited as food additives and for curing many health-related ailments. The secondary metabolites produced by many plants have become an integral part of human health and have strengthened the value of plant extracts as herbal medicines. To fulfil the demand of health care systems, food and pharmaceutical industries, interest in the cultivation of precious medicinal plants to harvest bio-active compounds has increased considerably worldwide. To achieve maximum biomass and yield, growers generally apply chemical fertilizers which have detrimental impacts on the growth, development and phytoconstituents of such therapeutically important plants. Application of beneficial rhizosphere microbiota is an alternative strategy to enhance the production of valuable medicinal plants under both conventional and stressed conditions due to its low cost, environmentally friendly behaviour and non-destructive impact on fertility of soil, plants and human health. The microbiological approach improves plant growth by various direct and indirect mechanisms involving the abatement of various abiotic stresses. Given the negative impacts of fertilizers and multiple benefits of microbiological resources, the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the production of biomass and their impact on the quality of bio-active compounds (phytochemicals) and mitigation of abiotic stress to herbal plants have been described in this review. The PGPR based enhancement in the herbal products has potential for use as a low cost phytomedicine which can be used to improve health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfa Rizvi
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.R.); (S.U.)
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (H.S.E.-B.)
| | - Mohammad Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gamma St., Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (H.S.E.-B.)
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.R.); (S.U.)
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
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Hatcher CR, Ryves DB, Millett J. The function of secondary metabolites in plant carnivory. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:399-411. [PMID: 31760424 PMCID: PMC7061172 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnivorous plants are an ideal model system for evaluating the role of secondary metabolites in plant ecology and evolution. Carnivory is a striking example of convergent evolution to attract, capture and digest prey for nutrients to enhance growth and reproduction and has evolved independently at least ten times. Though the roles of many traits in plant carnivory have been well studied, the role of secondary metabolites in the carnivorous habit is considerably less understood. SCOPE This review provides the first synthesis of research in which secondary plant metabolites have been demonstrated to have a functional role in plant carnivory. From these studies we identify key metabolites for plant carnivory and their functional role, and highlight biochemical similarities across taxa. From this synthesis we provide new research directions for integrating secondary metabolites into understanding of the ecology and evolution of plant carnivory. CONCLUSIONS Carnivorous plants use secondary metabolites to facilitate prey attraction, capture, digestion and assimilation. We found ~170 metabolites for which a functional role in carnivory has been demonstrated. Of these, 26 compounds are present across genera that independently evolved a carnivorous habit, suggesting convergent evolution. Some secondary metabolites have been co-opted from other processes, such as defence or pollinator attraction. Secondary metabolites in carnivorous plants provide a potentially powerful model system for exploring the role of metabolites in plant evolution. They also show promise for elucidating how the generation of novel compounds, as well as the co-option of pre-existing metabolites, provides a strategy for plants to occupy different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David B Ryves
- Geography and Environment, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE, UK
| | - Jonathan Millett
- Geography and Environment, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE, UK
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Bariotakis M, Georgescu L, Laina D, Oikonomou I, Ntagounakis G, Koufaki MI, Souma M, Choreftakis M, Zormpa OG, Smykal P, Sourvinos G, Lionis C, Castanas E, Karousou R, Pirintsos SA. From wild harvest towards precision agriculture: Use of Ecological Niche Modelling to direct potential cultivation of wild medicinal plants in Crete. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133681. [PMID: 31756796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the distribution of wild medicinal plants and areas that are suitable for cultivation of these plants is important for both conservation and agriculture. Here, we study ten taxa with known ethnopharmacological uses, which have been used extensively in traditional medicine and as culinary supplements. We aim to (1) predict and map the potential habitat suitability for these taxa across the study area, (2) investigate spatial patterns that could have management implications, such as niche similarities among the taxa and suitability "hotspots" with the use of novel indices, and (3) develop a platform where parts of this information can be accessed and utilized by all interested groups, from the policy-maker level to the individual practitioner level. Ecological Niche Models developed for each study taxon, based on topographic, bioclimatic, soil, and land use variables had high predictive power and were used as the basis for suitability visualization. A series of informative indices were also calculated and mapped, revealing spatial patterns not readily observable from the single-taxon predictions, and providing valuable information to managers. Finally, a web-based, easy-to-use application was also created, where the predicted suitability scores for the study area can be made accessible to anyone interested. The application can provide information both in a visual form (i.e. maps of predicted suitability) and in a numerical form (i.e. estimated suitability scores for all taxa in a given geographical location). This study provides the scientific tools to make a step towards cultivating a group of economically important wild medicinal plants in Crete, as well as the tools to disseminate this information to decision makers and practitioners, and eventually integrate the research findings in local agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bariotakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; Botanical Garden, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, GR 741 00 Rethymnon, Greece
| | - Luciana Georgescu
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Danae Laina
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Oikonomou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Ntagounakis
- Botanical Garden, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, GR 741 00 Rethymnon, Greece
| | | | - Maria Souma
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Ourania Grigoriadou Zormpa
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; Botanical Garden, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, GR 741 00 Rethymnon, Greece
| | - Petr Smykal
- Department of Botany, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - George Sourvinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Lionis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Regina Karousou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stergios A Pirintsos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR 714 09 Heraklion, Greece; Botanical Garden, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, GR 741 00 Rethymnon, Greece.
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Sanhueza V, Fajardo V, Cuadra P. Occurrence of Plumbagin and 7-Methyljuglone in the Patagonian Sundew Drosera uniflora. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kapur A, Beres T, Rathi K, Nayak AP, Czarnecki A, Felder M, Gillette A, Ericksen SS, Sampene E, Skala MC, Barroilhet L, Patankar MS. Oxidative stress via inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport and Nrf-2-mediated anti-oxidative response regulate the cytotoxic activity of plumbagin. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1073. [PMID: 29348410 PMCID: PMC5773707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin, an anti-cancer agent, is toxic to cells of multiple species. We investigated if plumbagin targets conserved biochemical processes. Plumbagin induced DNA damage and apoptosis in cells of diverse mutational background with comparable potency. A 3-5 fold increase in intracellular oxygen radicals occurred in response to plumbagin. Neutralization of the reactive oxygen species by N-acetylcysteine blocked apoptosis, indicating a central role for oxidative stress in plumbagin-mediated cell death. Plumbagin docks in the ubiquinone binding sites (Q0 and Qi) of mitochondrial complexes I-III, the major sites for oxygen radicals. Plumbagin decreased oxygen consumption rate, ATP production and optical redox ratio (NAD(P)H/FAD) indicating interference with electron transport downstream of mitochondrial Complex II. Oxidative stress induced by plumbagin triggered an anti-oxidative response via activation of Nrf2. Plumbagin and the Nrf2 inhibitor, brusatol, synergized to inhibit cell proliferation. These data indicate that while inhibition of electron transport is the conserved mechanism responsible for plumbagin's chemotoxicity, activation of Nrf2 is the resulting anti-oxidative response that allows plumbagin to serve as a chemopreventive agent. This study provides the basis for designing potent and selective plumbagin analogs that can be coupled with suitable Nrf2 inhibitors for chemotherapy or administered as single agents to induce Nrf2-mediated chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvinder Kapur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA.
| | - Thomas Beres
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
| | - Kavya Rathi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
| | - Amruta P Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
- Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Austin Czarnecki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
| | - Mildred Felder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
| | - Amani Gillette
- Morgridge Institute for Research and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Spencer S Ericksen
- Small Molecule Screening Facility, University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emmanuel Sampene
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Melissa C Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lisa Barroilhet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA
| | - Manish S Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792-6188, USA.
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Atanasov AG, Waltenberger B, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Linder T, Wawrosch C, Uhrin P, Temml V, Wang L, Schwaiger S, Heiss EH, Rollinger JM, Schuster D, Breuss JM, Bochkov V, Mihovilovic MD, Kopp B, Bauer R, Dirsch VM, Stuppner H. Discovery and resupply of pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1582-1614. [PMID: 26281720 PMCID: PMC4748402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1312] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have historically proven their value as a source of molecules with therapeutic potential, and nowadays still represent an important pool for the identification of novel drug leads. In the past decades, pharmaceutical industry focused mainly on libraries of synthetic compounds as drug discovery source. They are comparably easy to produce and resupply, and demonstrate good compatibility with established high throughput screening (HTS) platforms. However, at the same time there has been a declining trend in the number of new drugs reaching the market, raising renewed scientific interest in drug discovery from natural sources, despite of its known challenges. In this survey, a brief outline of historical development is provided together with a comprehensive overview of used approaches and recent developments relevant to plant-derived natural product drug discovery. Associated challenges and major strengths of natural product-based drug discovery are critically discussed. A snapshot of the advanced plant-derived natural products that are currently in actively recruiting clinical trials is also presented. Importantly, the transition of a natural compound from a "screening hit" through a "drug lead" to a "marketed drug" is associated with increasingly challenging demands for compound amount, which often cannot be met by re-isolation from the respective plant sources. In this regard, existing alternatives for resupply are also discussed, including different biotechnology approaches and total organic synthesis. While the intrinsic complexity of natural product-based drug discovery necessitates highly integrated interdisciplinary approaches, the reviewed scientific developments, recent technological advances, and research trends clearly indicate that natural products will be among the most important sources of new drugs also in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Linder
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wawrosch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M. Rollinger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes M. Breuss
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marko D. Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Egan PA, van der Kooy F. Phytochemistry of the carnivorous sundew genus Drosera (Droseraceae) - future perspectives and ethnopharmacological relevance. Chem Biodivers 2014; 10:1774-90. [PMID: 24130022 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Species of the carnivorous genus Drosera L. have long been a source of valuable natural products. The various phytochemicals characteristic of these species, particularly 1,4-naphthoquinones and flavonoids, have contributed to the diverse utilization of sundews in traditional medicine systems worldwide. A growing number of studies have sought to investigate the comparative phytochemistry of Drosera species for improved sources of pharmaceutically important compounds. The outcomes of these studies are here collated, with emergent trends discussed in detail. Important factors which affect production of secondary metabolites in plants are critically examined, such as environmental influences and in vitro culture, and recommendations subsequently presented based on this. Explicitly, the current review aims to i) present an updated, comprehensive listing of the phytochemical constituents of the genus (including quantitative data where available), ii) summarize important factors which may influence the production of phytopharmaceuticals in plants, and iii) recommend guidelines for future research based on the above, including improved standardization and quality control. We have also included a section discussing future perspectives of research on Drosera spp. based on three different research lines i) the potential to produce much needed lead compounds for treatment of tuberculosis, ii) the potential role of anthocyanins in nitrogen transport, and iii) research into 'Natural Deep Eutectic' solvents produced by Drosera spp. in the droplets or 'dew' employed to capture insect prey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Egan
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, IE-Dublin 2; Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, IE-Dublin 2
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Hook I, Mills C, Sheridan H. Bioactive Naphthoquinones from Higher Plants. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63294-4.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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