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Peralta I, Marrassini C, Arcos MLB, Cremaschi G, Alonso MR, Anesini C. Larrea divaricata Cav. aqueous extract and nordihydroguariaretic acid modulate oxidative stress in submandibular glands of diabetic rats: a buccal protective in diabetes. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:227. [PMID: 31438933 PMCID: PMC6704692 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and endogenous antioxidants. The aetiology and pathogenesis of several oral diseases are attributed to this process. The antioxidant enzymes secreted in the saliva by submandibular glands maintain oral health through the scavenging of ROS. The objective of this work was to study the capacity of an aqueous extract of L. divaricata (AE), and its majority compound, nordihydroguariaretic acid (NDGA), to modulate the pro-oxidant/antioxidant status in submandibular glands in a model of oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Methods To induce oxidative stress with STZ, a group of animals was treated i.p. with 1 X PBS (control group) and other group was injected i.p. once with STZ (60 mg/kg). Ten days after the treatment, blood samples were taken from the tail vain to determine the glucose levels. Animals with glucose values ≥300 mg/ml were selected. The submandibular glands of control and STZ treated animals were incubated with either the AE (500 μg/ml) or with NDGA (1.5 μg/ml), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl groups, ROS and RNS, and the activity and expression of peroxidase (Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assayed. Results AE decreased the levels of MDA (##P < 0.01) and protein carbonyl groups (#P < 0.05), and modulated the levels of ROS such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)(##P < 0.01), superoxide anion (O2.-) (#P < 0.05) and nitric oxide (NO) (#P < 0.05) in relation to the modulation of Px and iNOS expression. NDGA was found to be involved in these effects. Conclusions The antioxidant activity of the AE in the submandibular glands would allow the maintenance of the antioxidant pool to prevent oral oxidative diseases.
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Effects of Achyrocline satureioides Inflorescence Extracts against Pathogenic Intestinal Bacteria: Chemical Characterization, In Vitro Tests, and In Vivo Evaluation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2017:4874865. [PMID: 29853943 PMCID: PMC5960575 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4874865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Three Achyrocline satureioides (AS) inflorescences extracts were characterized: (i) a freeze-dried extract prepared from the aqueous extractive solution and (ii) a freeze-dried and (iii) a spray-dried extract prepared from hydroethanol extractive solution (80% ethanol). The chemical profile, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity against intestinal pathogenic bacteria of AS extracts were evaluated. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by the total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) assay. In vivo analysis and characterization of intestinal microbiota were performed in male Wistar rats (saline versus treated animals with AS dried extracts) by high-throughput sequencing analysis: metabarcoding. Antimicrobial activity was tested in vitro by the disc diffusion tests. Moisture content of the extracts ranged from 10 to 15% and 5.7 to 17 mg kg−1 of fluorine. AS exhibited antioxidant activity, especially in its freeze-dried form which also exhibited a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against intestinal pathogenic bacteria greater than those observed by the antibiotic, amoxicillin, when tested against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of AS extracts seemed to be positively correlated with the present amount of flavonoids. These findings suggest a potential use of AS as a coadjuvant agent for treating bacterial-induced intestinal diseases with high rates of antibiotic resistance.
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Neves de Oliveira BH, Dalmaz C, Zeidán-Chuliá F. Network-Based Identification of Altered Stem Cell Pluripotency and Calcium Signaling Pathways in Metastatic Melanoma. Med Sci (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 29518019 PMCID: PMC5872180 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancy of cancer has been linked to distinct subsets of stem-like cells, the so-called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which persist during treatment and seem to lead to drug-resistant recurrence. Metastatic spread of cancer cells is one of the hallmarks of malignancy and contributes to most human melanoma-related deaths. Recently, overlapping groups of proteins and pathways were shown to regulate stem cell migration and cancer metastasis, raising the question of whether genes/proteins involved in stem cell pluripotency may have important implications when applied to the biology of cancer metastasis. Furthermore, it is well known that ion channels and receptors, particularly those responsible for calcium (Ca2+) signal generation, are critical in determining the cellular fate of stem cells (SCs). In the present study, we searched for evidence of altered stem cell pluripotency and Ca2+ signaling-related genes in the context of melanoma metastasis. We did this by using network analysis of gene expression in tissue biopsies from three different independent datasets of patients. First, we created an in silico network model (“STEMCa” interactome) showing the landscape of interactions between stem cell pluripotency and Ca2+ signaling-related genes/proteins, and demonstrated that around 51% (151 out of 294) of the genes within this model displayed significant changes of expression (False Discovery Rate (FDR), corrected p-value < 0.05) in at least one of the datasets of melanoma metastasis when compared with primary tumor biopsies (controls). Analysis of the properties (degree and betweenness) of the topological network revealed 27 members as the most central hub (HB) and nonhub-bottlenecks (NH-B) among the 294 genes/proteins of the whole interactome. From those representative genes, CTNNB1, GNAQ, GSK3B, GSTP1, MAPK3, PPP1CC, PRKACA, and SMAD4 showed equal up- or downregulation (corrected p-value < 0.05) in at least 2 independent datasets of melanoma metastases samples and PTPN11 showed upregulation (corrected p-value < 0.05) in three of them when compared with control samples. We postulate that altered expression of stem cell pluripotency and Ca2+ signaling pathway-related genes may contribute to the metastatic transformation, with these central members being an optimal candidate group of biomarkers and in silico therapeutic targets for melanoma metastasis, which deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Hur Neves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Carla Dalmaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
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Jafari F, Ghavidel F, Zarshenas MM. A Critical Overview on the Pharmacological and Clinical Aspects of Popular Satureja Species. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2016; 9:118-27. [PMID: 27342885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the world, various parts of most Satureja species are traditionally used to treat patients with various diseases and complications. As for the presence of different classes of metabolites in Satureja and their numerous ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological applications, many species have been pharmacologically evaluated. The current work aimed to compile information from pharmacological studies on this savory for further investigations. The keyword Satureja was searched through Scopus and PubMed up to January 1, 2016. We found nearly 55 papers that dealt with the pharmacology of Satureja. We found that 13 species had been evaluated pharmacologically and that Satureja khuzestanica, Satureja bachtiarica, Satureja montana and Satureja hortensis appeared to be the most active, both clinically and phytopharmacologically. Regarding the content of rich essential oil, most evaluations were concerned with the antimicrobial properties. However, the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholesterolemic properties of the studied species were found to be good. In addition to the pharmacological activities that have been indentified for some species, opportunities still exist to assess the effectiveness of other well-known species. If different Satureja species are to have extensive ethnopharmacological applications, comprehensive assessments of the acute and chronic toxicities, as well as the teratogenicity, of those plants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Jafari
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghavidel
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Zeidán-Chuliá F, Gürsoy M, Neves de Oliveira BH, Özdemir V, Könönen E, Gürsoy UK. A Systems Biology Approach to Reveal Putative Host-Derived Biomarkers of Periodontitis by Network Topology Characterization of MMP-REDOX/NO and Apoptosis Integrated Pathways. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 5:102. [PMID: 26793622 PMCID: PMC4707239 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a formidable global health burden, is a common chronic disease that destroys tooth-supporting tissues. Biomarkers of the early phase of this progressive disease are of utmost importance for global health. In this context, saliva represents a non-invasive biosample. By using systems biology tools, we aimed to (1) identify an integrated interactome between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-REDOX/nitric oxide (NO) and apoptosis upstream pathways of periodontal inflammation, and (2) characterize the attendant topological network properties to uncover putative biomarkers to be tested in saliva from patients with periodontitis. Hence, we first generated a protein-protein network model of interactions ("BIOMARK" interactome) by using the STRING 10 database, a search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins, with "Experiments" and "Databases" as input options and a confidence score of 0.400. Second, we determined the centrality values (closeness, stress, degree or connectivity, and betweenness) for the "BIOMARK" members by using the Cytoscape software. We found Ubiquitin C (UBC), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), and matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP14) as the most central hub- and non-hub-bottlenecks among the 211 genes/proteins of the whole interactome. We conclude that UBC, JUN, and MMP14 are likely an optimal candidate group of host-derived biomarkers, in combination with oral pathogenic bacteria-derived proteins, for detecting periodontitis at its early phase by using salivary samples from patients. These findings therefore have broader relevance for systems medicine in global health as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of TurkuTurku, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku Turku, Finland
| | - Ben-Hur Neves de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vural Özdemir
- Faculty of Communications and Office of the President, International Technology and Innovation Policy, Gaziantep UniversityGaziantep, Turkey; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University)Kollam, India
| | - Eija Könönen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of TurkuTurku, Finland; Oral Health Care, Welfare DivisionTurku, Finland
| | - Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku Turku, Finland
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Tóthová L, Kamodyová N, Červenka T, Celec P. Salivary markers of oxidative stress in oral diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2015; 5:73. [PMID: 26539412 PMCID: PMC4611854 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva is an interesting alternative diagnostic body fluid with several specific advantages over blood. These include non-invasive and easy collection and related possibility to do repeated sampling. One of the obstacles that hinders the wider use of saliva for diagnosis and monitoring of systemic diseases is its composition, which is affected by local oral status. However, this issue makes saliva very interesting for clinical biochemistry of oral diseases. Periodontitis, caries, oral precancerosis, and other local oral pathologies are associated with oxidative stress. Several markers of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species can be measured in saliva. Clinical studies have shown an association with oral pathologies at least for some of the established salivary markers of oxidative stress. This association is currently limited to the population level and none of the widely used markers can be applied for individual diagnostics. Oxidative stress seems to be of local oral origin, but it is currently unclear whether it is caused by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species due to inflammation or by the lack of antioxidants. Interventional studies, both, in experimental animals as well as humans indicate that antioxidant treatment could prevent or slow-down the progress of periodontitis. This makes the potential clinical use of salivary markers of oxidative stress even more attractive. This review summarizes basic information on the most commonly used salivary markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant status, and carbonyl stress and the studies analyzing these markers in patients with caries or periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L'ubomíra Tóthová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia ; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Natália Kamodyová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Červenka
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia ; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Slovakia ; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia ; Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia
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7
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Gürsoy UK, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Yilmaz D, Özdemir V, Mäki-Petäys J, Neves de Oliveira BH, Firatli Y, Güncü GN, Caglayan F, Könönen E. Analyses of Gingival Adhesion Molecules in Periodontitis: Theoretical In Silico, Comparative In Vivo, and Explanatory In Vitro Models. J Periodontol 2015; 87:193-202. [PMID: 26430925 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A deeper understanding of periodontitis pathophysiology is central to future development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics. The following is reported here: 1) an in silico network model of interactions among cell adhesion molecules and a network-focused microarray analysis of the corresponding genes in periodontitis; 2) analysis of secretions of adhesion molecules in gingival tissue samples from patients with periodontitis and healthy controls; and 3) effect of the human neutrophilic peptide-1 (HNP-1) on epithelial adhesion molecules. METHODS The network model identified 85 nodes in relation to the interactions of adhesion molecules. Subsequently, the relative gene expression was overlaid on the network model. Differential gene expression was analyzed, and false discovery rate control was performed for statistical assessment of the microarray data. Both tissue and cell culture samples were immunostained for desmocollin (DSC)2, occludin (OCLN), desmoglein (DSG)1, tight junction protein 2, and gap junction protein α. RESULTS The differential gene expression analysis revealed that the epithelial adhesion molecules were significantly lower in abundance in individuals with periodontitis than controls. In contrast, the genes for leukocyte adhesion molecules showed a significant upregulation. Immunostainings revealed elevated secretions of both DSG1 and OCLN in periodontitis. An in vitro model suggested reduced DSC2 and OCLN secretions in the presence of HNP-1. CONCLUSIONS Gene expression of gingival adhesion molecules in periodontitis is regulated by leukocyte transmigration, whereas the neutrophilic antimicrobial peptide HNP-1 is noted as a putative regulator of epithelial adhesion molecules. These observations contribute to the key mechanisms by which future biomarkers might be developed for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dogukan Yilmaz
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vural Özdemir
- Faculty of Communications & Office of the President, International Technology and Innovation Policy, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Ben-Hur Neves de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Yigit Firatli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güliz N Güncü
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Abstract
CONTEXT Satureja (Lamiaceae) species are used as flavoring compounds in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries because of its sweetness and simple cultivation characteristics. They have traditionally been used as muscle pain relievers, tonic, and carminative agents to treat stomach and intestinal disorders such as cramps, nausea, indigestion, and diarrhea, due to their considerable phytochemical characteristics. OBJECTIVE This review evaluates some information published since 1989 on Satureja genus from a systematic perspective in terms of its pharmacological and phytochemical characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to March 2014. "Satureja" was used as a research term without narrowing or limiting research elements. After obtaining all reports from database (a total number is about 637), the papers were carefully analyzed in order to find data related to the topic of this review. RESULTS In this review, 453 reports were used which were published between 1989 and 2014. The study was compiled into two sections (Pharmacology and Phytochemistry). In the pharmacology section, more than 50 different activities were studied. In the second section, in addition to other compounds and inorganic substances, volatiles, phenolic acids, and flavonoids were discussed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION According to our contemporary information, Satureja species have been evaluated for their wide range of biological activities. However, a small part of these studies have been carried out on the active principles. Therefore, in the future, more studies should be carried out to identify responsible phytochemicals for the various activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bektas Tepe
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature , Kilis 7 Aralik University , Kilis , Turkey and
| | - Mustafa Cilkiz
- b Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
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9
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Meschiari CA, Zuardi LR, Gomes VA, Costa de Almeida GR, Novaes AB, Gerlach RF, Marcaccini AM. Salivary, blood and plasma nitrite concentrations in periodontal patients and healthy individuals before and after periodontal treatment. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444:293-6. [PMID: 25748039 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no study has employed ozone-based reductive chemiluminescence to compare nitrite concentration in the saliva of periodontal disease (PD) and healthy individuals or in the various blood compartments of the same individuals before and after periodontal treatment. We evaluated nitrite concentrations in whole, submandibular, and parotid saliva, as well as in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma of healthy volunteers and patients with chronic periodontitis. METHODS Data obtained for the PD and control groups were compared before and 3 months after periodontal therapy. RESULTS At baseline, stimulated whole saliva nitrite concentration was lower in PD patients (mean=57.3 ± 9.8 μmol/L) as compared with healthy individuals (92.5 ± 13.6 μmol/L, P<0.05). PD and periodontal treatment did not affect submandibular or parotid saliva nitrite concentrations. PD patients presented higher baseline whole blood nitrite concentration (238.4 ± 45.7 μmol/L) as compared with values recorded 3 months after therapy (141.3 ± 20.1 nmol/L, P<0.05). PD patients' erythrocytes exhibited higher baseline nitrite concentration (573.1 ± 97.8 nmol/L) as compared with three months after therapy (298.7 ± 52.1 nmol/L, P<0.05). Again, PD and PD treatment did not impact plasma nitrite concentration. CONCLUSIONS PD patients had lower nitrite concentration in whole saliva, and this situation remained unchanged after periodontal treatment. Nevertheless, erythrocytes and whole blood nitrite levels diminished after periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Meschiari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo R Zuardi
- Department of Morphology and Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria A Gomes
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Glauce R Costa de Almeida
- Department of Morphology and Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur B Novaes
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery & Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Gerlach
- Department of Morphology and Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea M Marcaccini
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Gürsoy M, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Könönen E, Moreira JCF, Liukkonen J, Sorsa T, Gürsoy UK. Pregnancy-induced gingivitis and OMICS in dentistry: in silico modeling and in vivo prospective validation of estradiol-modulated inflammatory biomarkers. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2014; 18:582-90. [PMID: 24983467 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2014.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated gingivitis is a bacterial-induced inflammatory disease with a remarkably high prevalence ranging from 35% to 100% across studies. Yet little is known about the attendant mechanisms or diagnostic biomarkers that can help predict individual susceptibility for rational personalized medicine. We aimed to define inflammatory proteins in saliva, induced or inhibited by estradiol, as early diagnostic biomarkers or target proteins in relation to pregnancy-associated gingivitis. An in silico gene/protein interaction network model was developed by using the STITCH 3.1 with "experiments" and "databases" as input options and a confidence score of 0.700 (high confidence). Salivary estradiol, interleukin (IL)-1β and -8, myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -8, and -9, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 levels from 30 women were measured prospectively three times during pregnancy and twice during postpartum. In silico analysis revealed that estradiol interacts with IL-1β and -8 by an activation link when the "actions view" was consulted. In saliva, estradiol concentrations associated positively with TIMP-1 and negatively with MPO and MMP-8 concentrations. When the gingival bleeding on probing percentage (BOP%) was included in the model as an effect modifier, the only association, a negative one, was found between estradiol and MMP-8. Throughout gestation, estradiol modulates the inflammatory response by inhibiting neutrophilic enzymes, such as MMP-8. The interactions between salivary degradative enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines during pregnancy suggest promising ways to identify candidate biomarkers for pregnancy-associated gingivitis, and for personalized medicine in the field of dentistry. Finally, we call for greater investments in, and action for biomarker research in periodontology and dentistry that have surprisingly lagged behind in personalized medicine compared to other fields, such as cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Gürsoy
- 1 Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku , Turku, Finland
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11
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Bittencourt LDS, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Yatsu FKJ, Schnorr CE, Moresco KS, Kolling EA, Gelain DP, Bassani VL, Moreira JCF. Guarana (Paullinia cupana
Mart.) Prevents β-Amyloid Aggregation, Generation of Advanced Glycation-end Products (AGEs), and Acrolein-Induced Cytotoxicity on Human Neuronal-Like Cells. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1615-24. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo da Silva Bittencourt
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Francini Kiyono Jorge Yatsu
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Schnorr
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Karla Suzana Moresco
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio Kolling
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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Bostanci V, Toker H, Senel S, Ozdemir H, Aydin H. Effect of Chronic Periodontitis on Serum and Gingival Crevicular Fluid Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever Before and After Periodontal Treatment. J Periodontol 2014; 85:706-12. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Zeidán-Chuliá F, Gursoy M, de Oliveira BHN, Gelain DP, Könönen E, Gursoy UK, Moreira JCF, Uitto VJ. Focussed microarray analysis of apoptosis in periodontitis and its potential pharmacological targeting by carvacrol. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:461-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zeidán-Chuliá F, Keskin M, Könönen E, Uitto VJ, Söderling E, Moreira JCF, Gürsoy UK. Antibacterial and antigelatinolytic effects of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil on epithelial cells exposed to Fusobacterium nucleatum. J Med Food 2014; 18:503-6. [PMID: 24404975 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present report examined the effects of essential oils (EOs) from Satureja hortensis L. and Salvia fruticosa M. on the viability and outer membrane permeability of the periodontopathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum, a key bacteria in oral biofilms, as well as the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activities in epithelial cells exposed to such bacteria. Membrane permeability was tested by measuring the N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine uptake and bacterial viability by using the commercially available Live/Dead BacLight kit. In addition, gelatin zymography was performed to analyze the inhibition of F. nucleatum-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in HaCaT cells. We showed that 5, 10, and 25 μL/mL of Sat. hortensis L. EO decreased the ratio of live/dead bacteria and increased the outer membrane permeability in a range of time from 0 to 5 min. Treatments with 10 and 25 μL/mL of Sal. fruticosa M. also increased the membrane permeability and 5, 10, and 25 μL/mL of both EOs inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in keratinocytes induced after exposure of 24 h to F. nucleatum. We conclude that antibacterial and antigelatinolytic activities of Sat. hortensis L. EO have potential for the treatment of periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Major components of energy drinks (caffeine, taurine, and guarana) exert cytotoxic effects on human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells by decreasing reactive oxygen species production. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:791795. [PMID: 23766861 PMCID: PMC3674721 DOI: 10.1155/2013/791795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Scope. To elucidate the morphological and biochemical in vitro effects exerted by caffeine, taurine, and guarana, alone or in combination, since they are major components in energy drinks (EDs). Methods and Results. On human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells, caffeine (0.125–2 mg/mL), taurine (1–16 mg/mL), and guarana (3.125–50 mg/mL) showed concentration-dependent nonenzymatic antioxidant potential, decreased the basal levels of free radical generation, and reduced both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, especially when combined together. However, guarana-treated cells developed signs of neurite degeneration in the form of swellings at various segments in a beaded or pearl chain-like appearance and fragmentation of such neurites at concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg/mL. Swellings, but not neuritic fragmentation, were detected when cells were treated with 0.5 mg/mL (or higher doses) of caffeine, concentrations that are present in EDs. Cells treated with guarana also showed qualitative signs of apoptosis, including membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage, and cleaved caspase-3 positivity. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that cells treated with 12.5–50 mg/mL of guarana and its combinations with caffeine and/or taurine underwent apoptosis. Conclusion. Excessive removal of intracellular reactive oxygen species, to nonphysiological levels (or “antioxidative stress”), could be a cause of in vitro toxicity induced by these drugs.
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