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Innangi M, Friščić M, Hazler Pilepić K, Danise T, Conti F, Bartolucci F, Fioretto A, Peruzzi L. Explaining Intricate Morphometric Variability with Environmental Predictors: The Case of Globularia cordifolia Species Complex. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E314. [PMID: 32138221 PMCID: PMC7154870 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Globularia is a genus of small evergreen and perennial shrubs that are widespread in Europe. Globularia section Empetron includes a group of three species, G. cordifolia, G. meridionalis, and G. neapolitana, that have been taxonomically disputed for more than 150 years. Many morphological features have been proposed to discriminate these species. Nevertheless, evidence from both past and recent literature suggest that these differences among species are not consistent. In order to shed new light in this long-disputed group, we investigated 10 populations of the G. cordifolia species complex with both classical and geometric morphometrics and used environmental predictors in multivariate regression to explain patterns of variation. Our results showed that bract area and calyx teeth length are correlated with solar radiation and annual precipitation, whereas leaf dry mass per unit area can be explained by temperature seasonality. Leaf shape can be explained by temperature seasonality as well, although with a lower amount of explanatory and predictive power. Despite a comparatively low sample size in terms of populations, our results were based on a large number of individuals and were supported by a robust statistical approach. We can conclude that differences among the three species of Globularia could be related to the combined effects of several ecological variables and might not have taxonomical value. Our novel approach provided an ecological interpretation on a species complex that makes up a continuum of forms within the environmental framework of the Mediterranean basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Innangi
- Department of Environmental, Biological, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Maja Friščić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Schrottova 39, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Kroata Hazler Pilepić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Schrottova 39, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Tiziana Danise
- Department of Environmental, Biological, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Fabio Conti
- Floristic Research Center of the Apennines, University of Camerino—Gran Sasso-Laga National Park, San Colombo, 67021 Barisciano (L’Aquiila), Italy; (F.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabrizio Bartolucci
- Floristic Research Center of the Apennines, University of Camerino—Gran Sasso-Laga National Park, San Colombo, 67021 Barisciano (L’Aquiila), Italy; (F.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Antonietta Fioretto
- Department of Environmental, Biological, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- Department of Biology—Botany Unit, University of Pisa, Via Derna 11, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
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Actualities in the phytochemical research on selected terpenes. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:533-540. [PMID: 31639086 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A short review of our recent research on the essential oil phytochemical composition of Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. and Petasites hybridus (L.) G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. (Asteraceae) as well as on the oils of Globularia cordifolia L., Globularia meridionalis (Podp.) O. Schwarz and Globularia punctata Lapeyr. (Plantaginaceae) is presented. All essential oils contained a variety of oxygenated sesquiterpenes among their major constituents, including a bakkane type sesquiterpene fukinanolid (bakkenolide A). The paper is focused on: i) a short overview of the abundance of major terpenes in the essential oils of Petasites and Globularia species from Croatia; ii) possible biosynthetic pathways of major identified sesquiterpenes; and iii) biological activities (literature data) of major sesquiterpenes from Petasites and Globularia species.
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