Nasri A, Pohjanvirta R. Comparison of in vitro Toxicities of 8-Prenylnaringenin, Tartrazine and 17β-Estradiol, Representatives of Natural and Synthetic Estrogens, in Rat and Human Hepatoma Cell Lines.
Endocr Res 2024;
49:106-116. [PMID:
38597376 DOI:
10.1080/07435800.2024.2337758]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Phytoestrogens have been praised for their beneficial health effects, whereas synthetic xenoestrogens have been connected to ailments.
AIMS
To ascertain whether the toxicities of natural and synthetic estrogens differ, we examined the potent phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), the common synthetic xenoestrogen tartrazine, and the physiological estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2).
METHODS
These three compounds were tested for cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and genotoxicity in human HepG2 and rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.
RESULTS
All three estrogens elicited cytotoxicity at high concentrations in both cell lines. They also inhibited cell proliferation, with E2 being the most effective. They all tended to increase micronuclei formation.
CONCLUSION
Natural estrogens were no less toxic than a synthetic one.
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