Novel N ‐Cycloalkylcarbonyl‐ N ′‐arylthioureas: Synthesis, Design, Antifungal Activity and Gene Toxicity

Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Activity of Amide Derivatives Containing Cyclopropane

As an important small organic molecule, cyclopropane is widely used in drug design. In this paper, fifty-three amide derivatives containing cyclopropane were designed and synthesized by introducing amide groups and aryl groups into cyclopropane through the active splicing method, and their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated in vitro. Among them, thirty-five compounds were new compounds, and eighteen compounds were known compounds (F14, F15, F18, F20-F26, F36, and F38-F44). Bioassay results disclosed that four, three, and nine of the compounds showed moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, respectively. Three compounds were sensitive to Candida albicans, with excellent antifungal activity (MIC80 = 16 μg/mL). The molecular docking results show that compounds F8, F24, and F42 have good affinity with the potential antifungal drug target CYP51 protein.

4-Aminoquinolines Bearing a 1,3-Benzodioxole Moiety: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation as Potential Antifungal Agents

In search of new environmentally friendly and effective antifungal agents, a series of 4-aminoquinolines bearing a 1,3-benzodioxole moiety were prepared and their structures were fully elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The antifungal activities of all the target compounds against five phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated in vitro. The results revealed that most of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited obvious inhibitory activities at the concentration of 50 μg/mL. Among them, 6-(furan-2-yl)-N-(4-methylphenyl)-2H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]quinolin-8-amine hydrochloride (7m) displayed more promising antifungal potency with EC₅₀ values of 10.3 and 14.0 μg/mL against C. lunata and A. alternate, respectively. Particularly, the EC₅₀ value of 7m against C. lunata was 7.3-fold as potent as the standard azoxystrobin. There were some significant morphological alterations in the mycelia of C. lunata when treated with 7m at 50 μg/mL. Additionally, the preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also discussed. Thus, this study suggests that 4-aminoquinolines bearing a 1,3-benzodioxole moiety are interesting scaffolds for the development of novel antifungal agents.