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Xu J, Xia Y, Shi Y, Zhu M, Zhang H, Gui X, Shen W, Yang H, Chen X. Metabolic Engineering of Candida tropicalis for the De Novo Synthesis of β-Ionone. ACS Synth Biol 2024. [PMID: 39090815 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
β-ionone, a norisoprenoid, is a natural aromatic compound derived from plants, which displays various biological activities including anticancer, antioxidant and deworming properties. Due to its large biomass and strong environmental tolerance, the nonconventional oleaginous yeast Candida tropicalis was selected to efficiently synthesize β-ionone. We initially investigated the capacity of the cytoplasm and subcellular compartments to synthesize β-ionone independently. Subsequently, through adaptive screening of enzymes, functional identification of subcellular localization signal peptides and subcellular compartment combination strategies, a titer of 152.4 mg/L of β-ionone was achieved. Finally, directed evolution of rate-limiting enzyme and overexpression of key enzymes were performed to enhance β-ionone production. The resulting titer was 400.5 mg/L in shake flasks and 730 mg/L in a bioreactor. This study demonstrates the first de novo synthesis of β-ionone in C. tropicalis, providing a novel cellular chassis for terpenoid fragrances with considerable industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yibo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Manzhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoying Gui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Naeem S, Wang Y, Han S, Haider MZ, Sami A, Shafiq M, Ali Q, Bhatti MHT, Ahmad A, Sabir IA, Dong J, Alam P, Manzoor MA. Genome-wide analysis and identification of Carotenoid Cleavage Oxygenase (CCO) gene family in coffee (coffee arabica) under abiotic stress. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 39030545 PMCID: PMC11264761 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The coffee industry holds importance, providing livelihoods for millions of farmers globally and playing a vital role in the economies of coffee-producing countries. Environmental conditions such as drought and temperature fluctuations can adversely affect the quality and yield of coffee crops.Carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCO) enzymes are essential for coffee plants as they help break down carotenoids contributing to growth and stress resistance. However, knowledge about the CCO gene family in Coffee arabica was limited. In this study identified 21 CCO genes in Coffee arabica (C. arabica) revealing two subfamilies carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) and 9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenases (NCED) through phylogenic analysis. These subfamilies exhibited distribution patterns in terms of gene structure, domains, and motifs. The 21 CaCCO genes, comprising 5 NCED and 16 CCD genes were found across chromosomes. Promoter sequencing analysis revealed cis-elements that likely interact with plant stress-responsive, growth-related, and phytohormones, like auxin and abscisic acid. A comprehensive genome-wide comparison, between C. arabica and A. thaliana was conducted to understand the characteristics of CCO genes. RTqPCR data indicated that CaNCED5, CaNCED6, CaNCED12, and CaNCED20 are target genes involved in the growth of drought coffee plants leading to increased crop yield, in a conditions, with limited water availability. This reveals the role of coffee CCOs in responding to abiotic stress and identifies potential genes useful for breeding stress-resistant coffee varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajiha Naeem
- School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yuexia Wang
- School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, 553004, China
| | - Shiming Han
- School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China.
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, 553004, China.
| | - Muhammad Zeshan Haider
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Sami
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Hamza Tariq Bhatti
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- School of Environment and Surveying, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Qi Z, Tong X, Zhang Y, Jia S, Fang X, Zhao L. Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 1 and Its Application for the Production of C13-Apocarotenoids in Microbial Cell Factories: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19240-19254. [PMID: 38047615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
C13-apocarotenoids are naturally derived from the C9-C10 (C9'-C10') double-bond cleavage of carotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs). As high-value flavors and fragrances in the food and cosmetic industries, the sustainable production of C13-apocarotenoids is emerging in microbial cell factories by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 (CCD1) subfamily. However, the commercialization of microbial-based C13-apocarotenoids is still limited by the poor performance of CCD1, which severely constrains its conversion efficiency from precursor carotenoids. This review focuses on the classification of CCDs and their cleavage modes for carotenoids to generate corresponding apocarotenoids. We then emphatically discuss the advances for C13-apocarotenoid biosynthesis in microbial cell factories with various strategies, including optimization of CCD1 expression, improvement of CCD1's catalytic activity and substrate specificity, strengthening of substrate channeling, and development of oleaginous microbial hosts, which have been verified to increase the conversion rate from carotenoids. Lastly, the current challenges and future directions will be discussed to enhance CCDs' application for C13-apocarotenoids biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Qi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyi Tong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shutong Jia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianying Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest, Nanjing 210037, China
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Overexpression of Sweet Potato Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 4 (IbCCD4) Decreased Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179963. [PMID: 36077355 PMCID: PMC9456075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress has a serious impact on normal plant growth and yield. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) degrades carotenoids to produce apocarotenoids, which are involved in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study shows that the expression of sweet potato IbCCD4 was significantly induced by salt and dehydration stress. The heterologous expression of IbCCD4 in Arabidopsis was induced to confirm its salt tolerance. Under 200 mM NaCl treatment, compared to wild-type plants, the rosette leaves of IbCCD4-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed increased anthocyanins and carotenoid contents, an increased expression of most genes in the carotenoid metabolic pathway, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. IbCCD4-overexpressing lines also showed a decreased expression of resistance-related genes and a lower activity of three antioxidant enzymes: peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). These results indicate that IbCCD4 reduced salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, which contributes to the understanding of the role of IbCCD4 in salt stress.
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Wang Y, Xu J, Liu A. Identification of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genes and functional analysis reveal DoCCD1 is potentially involved in beta-ionone formation in Dendrobium officinale. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:967819. [PMID: 35991395 PMCID: PMC9387305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The carotenoids are the most widely distributed secondary metabolites in plants and can be degraded by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) to form apocarotenoids including an important C13 compound beta-ionone. Volatile beta-ionone can confer the violet and woody fragrance to plant essential oils, flowers, fruits, and vegetables, which therefore has been used in various industries. Dendrobium officinale is a traditional medicinal plant. However, there was limited information on the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of beta-ionone in D. officinale. In the present study, beta-ionone was detected in stems and leaves of D. officinale and genome-wide identification and expression profiles of CCD genes were subsequently carried out. There were nine DoCCD members in D. officinale. According to the phylogenetic relationship, DoCCD proteins were classified into six subfamilies including CCD1, CCD4, CCD7, CCD8, nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) and zaxinone synthase (ZAS). DoCCD genes showed distinctive expression profiles and DoCCD1 gene was abundantly expressed in eight tissues. Induced expression of DoCCD1 gene resulted in discoloration of Escerichia coli strains that can accumulate carotenoids. Analysis of Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer showed that DoCCD1 enzyme can cleave lycopene to produce 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and pseudoionone and also catalyze beta-carotene to form beta-ionone. Expression of DoCCD1 gene in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf resulted in production of abundant beta-ionone. Overall, the present study first provides valuable information on the CCD gene family in D. officinale, function of DoCCD1 gene as well as production of beta-ionone through genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jianchu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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