Untargeted 1 H-NMR Metabolome of Celery During Fusarium Wilt: Implications for Vegetable Quality

Identifying Anti-NSCLC Bioactive Compounds in Scutellaria via 2D NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis of Pharmacologically Classified Crude Extracts

We presented a strategy utilizing 2D NMR-based metabolomic analysis of crude extracts, categorized by different pharmacological activities, to rapidly identify the primary bioactive components of TCM. It was applied to identify the potential bioactive components from Scutellaria crude extracts that exhibit anti-non-small cell lung cancer (anti-NSCLC) activity. Four Scutellaria species were chosen as the study subjects because of their close phylogenetic relationship, but their crude extracts exhibit significantly different anti-NSCLC activity. Cell proliferation assay was used to assess the anti-NSCLC activity of four species of Scutellaria. 1H-13C HSQC spectra were acquired for the chemical profiling of these crude extracts. Based on the pharmacological classification (PCA, OPLS-DA and univariate hypothesis test) were performed to identify the bioactive constituents in Scutellaria associated with the anti-NSCLC activity. As a result, three compounds, baicalein, wogonin and scutellarin were identified as bioactive compounds. The anti-NSCLC activity of the three potential active compounds were further confirmed via cell proliferation assay. The mechanism of the anti-NSCLC activity by these active constituents was further explored via flow cytometry and western blot analyses. This study demonstrated 2D NMR-based metabolomic analysis of pharmacologically classified crude extracts to be an efficient approach to the identification of active components of herbal medicine.

"Delaying Rot Emergence in Persian Lime (Citrus×latifolia) Through Antifungal Hybrid Films Containing Litsea glaucescens Essential Oil"

Herein we describe the in situ inhibitory activity of three hybrid films (FL1, FL2, and FL3) against two wild strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Penicillium digitatum as causal agents of rot in Persian limes. The films FL2 and FL3 contained 1.0 and 1.3 % weight/volume Litsea glaucescens essential oil (LgEO) and significantly (p<0.05) delayed rot emergence in Persian limes caused by both pathogens up to 10 days. The physicochemical properties of LgEO and hybrid films were obtained, whereas detailed HPLC profiling revealed that fruit covered with these films significantly (p<0.01) preserved reducing sugars (sucrose, fructose, and glucose), organic acids (citric acid, ascorbic acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid), and flavonoids with nutraceutical activity (hesperidin, eriocitrin, naruritin, neohesperidin, diosmin, vitexin, rutin, and quercetin). This evidence sustains that the composites generated in this investigation improve the shelf life of Persian limes and conserve their nutraceutical content.

Mining of Minor Disease Resistance Genes in V. vinifera Grapes Based on Transcriptome

Intraspecific recurrent selection in V. vinifera is an effective method for grape breeding with high quality and disease resistance. The core theory of this method is the substitution accumulation of multi-genes with low disease resistance. The discovery of multi-genes for disease resistance in V. vinifera may provide a molecular basis for breeding for disease resistance in V. vinifera. In this study, resistance to downy mildew was identified, and genetic analysis was carried out in the intraspecific crossing population of V. vinifera (Ecolly × Dunkelfelder) to screen immune, highly resistant and disease-resistant plant samples; transcriptome sequencing and differential expression analysis were performed using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that there were 546 differential genes (194 up-regulated and 352 down-regulated) in the immune group compared to the highly resistant group, and 199 differential genes (50 up-regulated and 149 down-regulated) in the highly resistant group compared to the resistant group, there were 103 differential genes (54 up-regulated and 49 down-regulated) in the immune group compared to the resistant group. KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes in the immune versus high-resistance group. The pathway is mainly concentrated in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, MAPK signaling pathway-plant, carotenoid biosyn-thesis and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. The differential gene functions of immune and resistant, high-resistant and resistant combinations were mainly enriched in plant-pathogen interaction pathway. Through the analysis of disease resistance-related genes in each pathway, the potential minor resistance genes in V. vinifera were mined, and the accumulation of minor resistance genes was analyzed from the molecular level.