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Synthesis of new α-trifluoromethyl substituted formamidines framework by using N -nucleophiles and N,S bidentate nucleophiles. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Suzuki Y, Bakar A, Tanoi T, Nomura N, Sato M. Synthesis of unsymmetrical benzils using N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Häger I, Fröhlich R, Würthwein EU. Synthesis of Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary 1,3,5-Triazapenta-1,3-dienes and Their CoII, ZnII, PdII, CuIIand BF2Coordination Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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4
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Perni RB, Gribble GW. THE VON BRAUN REACTION BETWEEN N-t-BUTYLAMIDES AND PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE. A CONVENIENT NITRILE SYNTHESIS. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948309356504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan William Medley
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Synthesis, X-ray structures, and catalytic applications of palladium(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic iminocarbene ligands. J Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Heße N, Fröhlich R, Wibbeling B, Würthwein EU. 1,3,5-Triazapenta-1,3-dienes: Useful Building Blocks for the Synthesis of1,2-Dihydro-1,3,5-triazines and Oligonitriles. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Roychowdhury A, Kumar VV, Bhaduri AP. Diarylimidoylcyanides, an Attractive Class of Intermediate: Novel Synthesis of α‐Anilino‐β‐Nitroenamines, N, N′‐ Disubstituted Amidines and Substituted Phenyl Glyoxate. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500446902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Roychowdhury
- a Medicinal Chemistry Division , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Versha V. Kumar
- a Medicinal Chemistry Division , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - A. P. Bhaduri
- a Medicinal Chemistry Division , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Goerdeler
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Bonn, D‐5300 Bonn, Max‐Planck‐Straße 1
| | - Fateh M. Panshiri
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Bonn, D‐5300 Bonn, Max‐Planck‐Straße 1
| | - Werner Vollrath
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Bonn, D‐5300 Bonn, Max‐Planck‐Straße 1
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Wu YM, Li Y, Deng J. One-pot synthesis of bromodifluoroacetimidoyl halides and its Suzuki coupling reactions with aryl boronic acids. J Fluor Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2005.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Härter R, Wegmuth C, Scheffold R, Engel P, Linden A. Synthese chiraler Kobalt-Komplexe mit planoid-tetradentatem Ligand-System. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19930760120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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14
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Fergus S, Eustace SJ, Hegarty AF. Nitrile Ylide Dimerization: Investigation of the Carbene Reactivity of Nitrile Ylides. J Org Chem 2004; 69:4663-9. [PMID: 15230587 DOI: 10.1021/jo049748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel hexaaryl diazatrienes 5 ("nitrile ylide dimers") were synthesized directly from the corresponding diaryl ketimines 12 and dichlorotoluenes 13 in a facile one-pot synthesis. The carbene character of the nitrile ylides was investigated by varying the substituents on the aromatic ring adjacent to the carbene center. The isolation of the corresponding carbene dimers as stable crystalline materials with absorption maxima (lambda(max)) from 363 to 422 nm was shown to be promoted by the absence of strongly electron-withdrawing substituents. The crystal structures indicate that the E-isomers were isolated when phenyl, 3-methylphenyl, and 3-chlorophenyl substituents are present at the carbene carbon; the Z-isomer was isolated when the more sterically hindered 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl substituent (Mes) is present. The (1)H NMR spectra of the E-isomers demonstrate the nonequivalence of the aromatic rings, in which two of the aromatic rings of the imine moiety are pseudoaxial and the remaining aromatic rings are pseudoequatorial. The reactions proceed via the intermediate nitrile ylides 1 generated by the base-promoted 1,1-elimination of HCl from the intermediate chloroimine 14. The nitrile ylide was also generated by 1,3-elimination of HCl from the imidoyl chloride 18, confirming common pathways via the nitrile ylide as the dimer products obtained from these different routes were identical. The strongly electron-withdrawing 4-nitrophenyl substituent promotes the linear carbanion character of the 1,3-dipole and no dimer is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Fergus
- Chemistry Department, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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15
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16
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Li HG, Kim CK, Lee BS, Kim CK, Rhee SK, Lee I. Nucleophilic substitution at the imidoyl carbon atom: intermediate mechanistic and reactivity behavior between carbonyl and vinyl carbon substitution. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:2326-33. [PMID: 11456881 DOI: 10.1021/ja0033584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase nucleophilic substitution reactions at the imidoyl carbon have been investigated using chloride exchanges, Cl- + RY=CHCl right harpoon over left harpoon RY=CHCl + Cl- with Y = N and R = F, H or CH3, at the MP2, B3LYP and G2(+) levels using the MP2/6-311+G geometries. The results are compared with those for the vinyl (Y = CH) and carbonyl (Y = O) carbon substitution. The mechanism and reactivity of substitution at the imidoyl carbon are intermediate between those of carbonyl (SNpi) and vinyl carbon (SNsigma) substitution, which is directly related to the electronegativity of Y, CH < N < O. The prediction of competitive SNsigma with SNpi path for the imidoyl chloride is consistent with the S(N)1-like mechanism proposed for reactions in solution. The important factors in favor of an in-plane concerted SN2 (SNsigma) over an out-of-plane pi-attack (SNpi) path are (i) lower proximate sigma-sigma* charge-transfer energies (DeltaECT), (ii) stronger electrostatic stabilization (DeltaENCT), and (iii) larger lobe size on C(alpha) for the sigma*- than pi*-LUMO despite the higher sigma* than pi* level. The electron correlation energy effects at the MP2 level are overestimated for the relatively delocalized structure (S(N)pi TS) but are underestimated for the localized structure (SNsigma TS) so that the MP2 energies lead to a wrong prediction of preferred reaction path for the vinyl chloride. The DFT at the B3LYP level predicts correct reaction pathways but overestimates the electron correlation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Li
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Inchon, 402-751, Korea
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17
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Fustero S, Navarro A, Díaz D, de La Torre MG, Asensio A, Sanz F, González ML. An Efficient and Simple Entry to N-Substituted beta-Enamino Acid Derivatives from 2-Alkyl-2-oxazolines and 2-Alkyl-2-thiazolines. J Org Chem 1996; 61:8849-8859. [PMID: 11667864 DOI: 10.1021/jo961037y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of azaenolates of 2-alkyl-oxa(thia)zolines 6 with imidoyl chlorides 7 as electrophiles to furnish masked N-substituted beta-enamino acid derivatives 1-2 in 70-90% yield is described. Alternative routes are discussed. Compounds 1-2 generally appear in one tautomeric form, imino or enamino, depending on the nature of the imidoyl chloride. The configuration of the enamino moiety (Z) and the conformation (s-cis) of compounds 1-2 obtained were established by an NMR study and unequivocally set by nuclear Overhauser effect difference experiments. An X-ray structure of compound 1e is also reported, showing a strong intramolecular NH.N hydrogen bond. Ab initio calculations (HF/3-21G and HF/3-21+G) have been carried out on several representative examples (1e, 1p, and 1l) in an attempt to support and provide the correct geometry of these derivatives. Structural considerations among the possible isomers of compounds 1 are discussed. From these studies it was concluded that the theoretical calculations agree with the experimental results. In addition, a very simple one-pot procedure for the preparation of masked N-substituted alpha-alkylated beta-enamino acid derivatives 2 from 6, 7, and different alkyl halides (R(3)Y) is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Termología, Facultad de Físicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100-Burjassot Valencia, Spain
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18
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S-(N-(Thiocarbamoyl)benzimido)-dithiocarbamids�ureester. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00813794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Henrique Teles J, Melder JP, Ebel K, Schneider R, Gehrer E, Harder W, Brode S, Enders D, Breuer K, Raabe G. The Chemistry of Stable Carbenes. Part 2. Benzoin-type condensations of formaldehyde catalyzed by stable carbenes. Helv Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19960790108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Synthesis and thermal reorganisations of iminoaziridines. Ab initio calculations of their transition states, of diazatrimethylenemethanes, and some cyclic members of the C2H4N2 potential-energy hypersurface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.1995199512303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Estieu K, Ollivier J, Salaün J. Thermally induced and transition metal catalyzed aza-Claisen rearrangement of 2-cyclopropylideneethyl imidates: A new entry to 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(95)00380-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Rosenbaum K, Beyer L, Richter R, Hoyer E. 3-Diethylamino-5-phenyl-1,2,4-diselenazolium-tetrachloroniccolat(II) ? Synthese und Struktur. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19926170114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides as a new trifluoromethyl building block for fluorinated nitrogen heterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)80518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Barton DH, Ozbalik N, Vacher B. The invention of radical reactions part XVIII. A convenient solution to the 1-carbon problem (R-CO2H → R-13CO2H). Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Binding N, Heesing A. Memory-Effekt und 1,3-Diazepin-Ringschluß bei Arylnitrenium-Ionen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19831160510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Erle HE. UmsetzungenN-Acyl-substituierter α-Chlorformamidine mit nucleophilen Reagenzien. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.198219820202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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28
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Schulthess AH, Hansen HJ. Von der basenkatalysierten Ring�ffnung von 2H-Azirinen zu einer ?-Alkylierungsmethode von prim�ren Aminen. Helv Chim Acta 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Amidrazones. VII. Formation ofs-triazines by thermolysis ofN1-benzyl-substituted amidrazone ylides. J Heterocycl Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570180218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Hiraki K, Fuchita Y, Masumoto T. Reactions of Imidoyl-palladium(II) Complexes with Electrophiles. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1980. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.53.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Goerdeler J, Haag J, Löbach W. Über die Zerfallsprodukte von Imino-Δ3-1,2,4-thiadiazolinen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19791120422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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34
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Bartholomew D, Kay I. Chloro (ethoxycarbonyl)methyleneiminium salts - versatile electrophilic intermediates for heterocyclic synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)86427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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35
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Engel N, Steglich W. Facile Synthesis of 2-Aryl- and 2-Heteroarylpyrroles fromN-Allylcarboxamides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.197806761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Engel N, Steglich W. Einfache Synthese von 2-Aryl- und 2-Heteroaryl-pyrrolen ausN-Allylcarbonsäureamiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19780900914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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39
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40
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Conversion of imidoyl chlorides to imines. A new method for the acyl exchange and cleavage of amides. Tetrahedron Lett 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)91438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Echigo Y, Watanabe Y, Mukaiyama T. A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF ISOCYANIDES. CHEM LETT 1977. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1977.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Appel R, Warning K. Über die gemeinsame Einwirkung von Triphenylphosphin und Tetrachlorkohlenstoff auf Ketoxime. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19751080510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Appel R, Warning K, Ziehn KD. Über die gemeinsame Einwirkung von Phosphinen und Tetrachlorkohlenstoff auf Ammoniak (Derivate), 12. Über zwei neue Verfahren zur Darstellung von Imidhalogeniden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19731061029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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45
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46
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Kolb R, Schwenker G. [Reactions of N-substituted amidines with heterocumulenes. 3. Unusual NH-N bridges in carbamoylamidines]. CHEMISCHE BERICHTE 1973; 106:105-14. [PMID: 4698549 DOI: 10.1002/cber.19731060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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47
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van Leusen A, Oldenziel O. Synthesis of tosyl-substituted imidazoles from tosylmethylisocyanide and imidoyl chlorides. Tetrahedron Lett 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)85306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Vinyl Cations. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3160(08)60235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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49
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Rappoport Z, Ta-Shma R. Nucleophilic attacks on carbon-nitrogen double bonds. Part I. Substitution of diarylimidoyl chlorides with amines in benzene. Tetrahedron Lett 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)97296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Isonitrile Syntheses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-706150-4.50007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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