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Qu X, Song Y, Li Q, Xu Q, Li Y, Zhang H, Cheng X, Mackay CR, Wang Q, Liu W. Indole-3-acetic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via the ERK signaling pathway. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:288-299. [PMID: 38489148 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Microbiota-derived catabolism of nutrients is closely related to ulcerative colitis (UC). The level of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a microbiota-dependent metabolite of tryptophan, was decreased significantly in the feces of UC patients. Thus supplementation with IAA could be a potential therapeutic method for ameliorating colitis. In this work, the protective effect of supplementation with IAA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was evaluated, and the underlying mechanism was elucidated. The results indicated that the administration of IAA significantly relieved DSS-induced weight loss, reduced the disease activity index (DAI), restored colon length, alleviated intestinal injury, and improved the intestinal tight junction barrier. Furthermore, IAA inhibited intestinal inflammation by reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and promoting the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1. In addition, the ERK signaling pathway is an important mediator of various physiological processes including inflammatory responses and is closely associated with the expression of IL-10. Notably, IAA treatment induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which is involved in the progression of colitis, while the ERK inhibitor U0126 attenuated the beneficial effects of IAA. In summary, IAA could attenuate the clinical symptoms of colitis, and the ERK signaling pathway was involved in the underlying mechanism. Supplementation with IAA could be a potential option for preventing or ameliorating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Qu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yingying Song
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yanru Li
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Quanbo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.
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Bi C, Xiao G, Liu C, Yan J, Chen J, Si W, Zhang J, Liu Z. Molecular Immune Mechanism of Intestinal Microbiota and Their Metabolites in the Occurrence and Development of Liver Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:702414. [PMID: 34957088 PMCID: PMC8693382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.702414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microorganisms are closely associated with immunity, metabolism, and inflammation, and play an important role in health and diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cancer. Liver cancer is one of the most fatal cancers in humans. Most of liver cancers are slowly transformed from viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the relationship between intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, indoles, and ethanol, and liver cancer remains unclear. Here, we summarize the molecular immune mechanism of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in the occurrence and development of liver cancer and reveal the important role of the microbiota-gut-liver axis in liver cancer. In addition, we describe how the intestinal flora can be balanced by antibiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and fecal bacteria transplantation to improve the treatment of liver cancer. This review describes the immunomolecular mechanism of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in the occurrence and development of hepatic cancer and provides theoretical evidence support for future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Geqiong Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Junwei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenzhang Si
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Pryzhkova MV, Xu MJ, Jordan PW. Adaptation of the AID system for stem cell and transgenic mouse research. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102078. [PMID: 33202307 PMCID: PMC7784532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The auxin-inducible degron (AID) system is becoming a widely used method for rapid and reversible degradation of target proteins. This system has been successfully used to study gene and protein functions in eukaryotic cells and common model organisms, such as nematode and fruit fly. To date, applications of the AID system in mammalian stem cell research are limited. Furthermore, standard mouse models harboring the AID system have not been established. Here we have explored the utility of the H11 safe-harbor locus for integration of the TIR1 transgene, an essential component of auxin-based protein degradation system. We have shown that the H11 locus can support constitutive and conditional TIR1 expression in mouse and human embryonic stem cells, as well as in mice. We demonstrate that the AID system can be successfully employed for rapid degradation of stable proteins in embryonic stem cells, which is crucial for investigation of protein functions in quickly changing environments, such as stem cell proliferation and differentiation. As embryonic stem cells possess unlimited proliferative capacity, differentiation potential, and can mimic organ development, we believe that these research tools will be an applicable resource to a broad scientific audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Pryzhkova
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michelle J Xu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Philip W Jordan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Wang F, Yang J, Li Y, Zhuang Q, Gu J. Efficient enzyme-activated therapy based on the different locations of protein and prodrug in nanoMOFs. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6139-6147. [PMID: 32568339 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-activated prodrug therapy (EAPT) is an effective cancer treatment strategy able to transport non-toxic prodrugs and subsequently convert them into drugs at specific times and locations. However, due to the limitation of easy biodegradability and the membrane-impermeable characteristic of exogenous enzymes, there is a need to exploit suitable carriers for the effective protection and simultaneous delivery of activating enzymes into cancer cells. Herein, hierarchically porous MOFs were employed for the loading of enzyme and prodrug in a single nanocarrier thanks to their different cavity sizes. The simple loading process allows entrapping of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and a monocarboxyl-containing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) prodrug with high loading capacities in different spaces, which keeps the catalytic activity of the enzyme perfectly intact and avoids the premature activation of the prodrug. The encapsulated HRP and IAA exhibit sustained and synchronized release behaviors. Compared to the native HRP enzyme, the current MOF nanocarriers not only facilitate enzyme delivery into cellular lysosomes and subsequent endosomal escape, but also effectively release enzyme and prodrug in the intracellular environment within 48 h. Eventually, HRP and IAA loaded MOF nanocarriers cause significant cell death with a low IC50 of 4.2 mg L-1, while the IAA prodrug alone is non-toxic even at high concentrations. Thus, hierarchically porous MOFs might offer a promising platform for EAPT with a highly consistent spatiotemporal distribution of enzymes and prodrugs in target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Ji Y, Yin W, Liang Y, Sun L, Yin Y, Zhang W. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Activity of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Involves Induction of HO-1 and Neutralization of Free Radicals in RAW264.7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051579. [PMID: 32106625 PMCID: PMC7084870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular and molecular mechanisms by which indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a tryptophan-derived metabolite from gut microbiota, attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress has not been fully elucidated. The present study was to unearth the protective effect and underlying mechanism of IAA against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response and free radical generation in RAW264.7 macrophages. IAA significantly ameliorated LPS-induced expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as well as generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). LPS-triggered nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 was mitigated by IAA treatment. Further, an up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was observed in IAA-treated cells in dose-dependent manner under both normal and LPS-stimulated condition. Interference of HO-1 activity by tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) impeded the alleviative effects of IAA on expression of IL-1β and IL-6 induced by LPS, whereas demonstrated no effect on its suppression of ROS and NO production. This result suggests a HO-1-dependent anti-inflammatory effect of IAA and its direct scavenging action on free radicals. Treatment with CH-223191, a specific antagonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), showed no significant effects on the beneficial role of IAA against inflammation and free radical generation. In summary, our findings indicate that IAA alleviates LPS-elicited inflammatory response and free radical generation in RAW264.7 macrophages by induction of HO-1 and direct neutralization of free radicals, a mechanism independent of AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yue Yin
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-82802183
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Indole-3-Acetic Acid Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice via Attenuation of Hepatic Lipogenesis, and Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092062. [PMID: 31484323 PMCID: PMC6769627 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences have linked indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite from dietary tryptophan, with the resistance to liver diseases. However, data supporting IAA-mediated protection against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from an in vivo study is lacking. In this study, we assessed the role of IAA in attenuating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in male C57BL/6 mice. Administration of IAA (50 mg/kg body weight) by intraperitoneal injection was found to alleviate HFD-induced elevation in fasting blood glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index as well as plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity. Histological examination further presented the protective effect of IAA on liver damage induced by HFD feeding. HFD-induced an increase in liver total triglycerides and cholesterol, together with the upregulation of genes related to lipogenesis including sterol regulatory element binding-protein 1 (Srebf1), steraroyl coenzyme decarboxylase 1 (Scd1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (Acaca), and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial (Gpam), which were mitigated by IAA treatment. The results of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA) level along with superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissue evidenced the protection of IAA against HFD-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, IAA attenuated the inflammatory response of liver in mice exposed to HFD as shown by the reduction in the F4/80-positive macrophage infiltration and the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, our findings uncover that IAA alleviates HFD-induced hepatotoxicity in mice, which proves to be associated with the amelioration in insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and oxidative and inflammatory stress.
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Abd El-Gawad EA, Wang HP, Yao H. Diet Supplemented With Synthetic Carotenoids: Effects on Growth Performance and Biochemical and Immunological Parameters of Yellow Perch ( Perca flavescens). Front Physiol 2019; 10:1056. [PMID: 31496952 PMCID: PMC6712420 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study assessed the effect of dietary canthaxanthin and lycopene supplementation at different concentrations on growth performance and antioxidant status in yellow perch (Perca flavescens). In this regard, fish with initial weight (32 ± 1.0 g) were divided into five groups in triplicate, and fed on carotenoid-free diet (control), canthaxanthin (CTX) (50 and 100 mg/kg diet), and lycopene (200 and 400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated after 30 and 60 days post feeding. Tissue liver and intestine from six fish per treatment was collected for antioxidant and digestive enzymes analysis. The results revealed a significant increase (P < 0.05) of lipid content in the group fed lycopene at a dietary level 400 mg/kg for 60 days, compared to the control. Moreover, dietary carotenoids exhibited no significant effect on growth performance; this was evidenced by no significant up-regulation of growth hormone (gh) and insulin-like growth factor 1b (igf-1b) genes after 30 and 60 days post feeding. Intestinal lipase and trypsin activities were significantly improved with dietary lycopene especially at a dose of (400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver was also significantly decreased with dietary lycopene (400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were significantly decreased with dietary CTX, especially at dose (100 mg/kg diet) and lycopene at a concentration of 200 and 400 mg/kg diet after 60 days feeding. Additionally, the immune-related gene interleukin-1 beta (il-1b) mRNA expression level revealed up-regulation in groups fed on CTX at different concentrations for 30 days, and fish fed lycopene at a concentration level 400 mg/kg diet for 60 days. The obtained results concluded that dietary supplementation of canthaxanthin and lycopene could enhance immune response and maintain antioxidants defense of fish. Therefore, it considered as a functional aquafeed ingredient for yellow perch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Abd El-Gawad
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,Department of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Han-Ping Wang
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
| | - Hong Yao
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
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Ferrari R, Pugini SMP, Arce AIC, Costa EJX, de Melo MP. Metabolite of tryptophan promoting changes in EEG signal and the oxidative status of the brain. Cell Biochem Funct 2014; 32:496-501. [PMID: 24947276 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid precursor of neurotransmitter serotonin and triptamine. During its metabolism, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is generated; this substance presents both antioxidant and prooxidant effects in different biological systems in addition to hipoglicemic effects. To date, electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to evaluate the temporal effect of several substances in neurotransmission. The goal of this study was to characterize the effect of IAA in the brain by analysing the EEG signal and evaluate the oxidative status by means of biochemical parameters. The EEG was acquired by using a noninvasive method, and the brain electric signal was analysed by advanced digital signal processing techniques to determinate the energy signal filtered in different band frequencies. Furthermore, the oxidative status of the brain was investigated by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation as well as blood glucose rates of the animals treated with different doses of IAA. Our results showed the relationship of IAA administration with changes in EEG signals. The oxidative status of the brain was modified by IAA after 14 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Ferrari
- Department of Biological Science, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lin L, Tan RX. Cross-kingdom actions of phytohormones: a functional scaffold exploration. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2734-60. [PMID: 21250668 DOI: 10.1021/cr100061j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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Ahmed A, Mukherjee S, Deobagkar M, Naik T, Nandi D. Rapid burst of H2O2 by plant growth regulators increases intracellular Ca2+ amounts and modulates CD4+ T cell activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:1397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Microbicidal Action of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Combined with Horseradish Peroxidase on Prototheca zopfii from Bovine Mastitis. Mycopathologia 2009; 169:99-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-009-9234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chiu HT, Lin YC, Lee MN, Chen YL, Wang MS, Lai CC. Biochemical characterization and substrate specificity of the gene cluster for biosyntheses of K-252a and its analogs by in vitro heterologous expression system of Escherichia coli. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1192-203. [DOI: 10.1039/b912395b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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