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Wang J, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Yu L, Yu L, Deng Y, Tu C, Li W. The mechanisms underlying olanzapine-induced insulin resistance via the brown adipose tissue and the therapy in rats. Adipocyte 2022; 11:84-98. [PMID: 35067163 PMCID: PMC8786323 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2026590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase has been observed in insulin resistance (IR) incidence induced by a long-term olanzapine treatment with no better ways to avoid it. Our study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism underlying the olanzapine-induced insulin resistance and find appropriate drug interventions. In this study, firstly, we constructed rat insulin resistance model using a two-month gavage of olanzapine and used the main active ingredient mixture of Gegen Qinlian Decoction for the treatment. The activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was measured using the PET/CT scan, whereas Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1. The results showed that the long-term administration of olanzapine impaired glucose tolerance and produced insulin resistance in rats, while Gegen Qinlian Decoction could improve this side effect. The results of the PET/CT scan showed that the BAT activity in the insulin-resistant rats was significantly lower than that of the Gegen Qinlian Decoction treated rats. Also, the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1 in the insulin resistance group showed a significant decrease, which could be up-regulated by Gegen Qinliane Decoction treatment. The results of both in vivo and in vitro experiments were consistent. we demonstrated that the olanzapine could induce IR in vitro and in vivo by decreasing the expression of UCP1; thus, suppressing the thermogenesis of BAT and impairing glucose uptake. More importantly, we demonstrated a possible novel strategy to improve the olanzapine-induced IR by Gegen Qinlian Decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Xirui Pharmaceutical Technology Co Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuyue Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiyong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Devi PA, Pandiyan V, Kumar TMAS, Kumar GVPPSR, Padmanath K. Dietary supplementation of mustard oil reduces blood glucose levels by triggering insulin receptor signaling pathway. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Mohammadpour F, Darmani-Kuhi H, Mohit A, Sohani MM. Obesity, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and PPAR-γ gene expression in broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with fat and green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106440. [PMID: 32247991 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ secreting several adipokines, especially adiponectin, that play an important role in regulating insulin function in the body of mammals. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the association between abdominal fat deposit, insulin resistance, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and adiponectin gene (AG) expression in broiler chicks fed diets high in unsaturated fat supplemented with green tea extract (GTE). A total of 300 one-day-old female Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to 6 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of two levels of GTE (0 and 500 mg/kg diet) × three levels of fat inclusion [without fat (control group), soybean oil (SO), and tallow (Ta)]. Each treatment was replicated five times. At the end of the experiment (day 49), two chicks from each replicate weighing an average of pen weight were bled and then slaughtered for further analysis. Abdominal fat percentage, fasting concentration of blood glucose, triglyceride and insulin, glycogen reserves of breast and liver tissues, and PPAR-γ and AG expression were determined. The insulin resistance index of the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was calculated using the fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. The highest abdominal fat percentage and the lowest carcass yield were obtained in chicks fed SO-supplemented diet (P < 0.05). Chicks fed diet supplemented with SO showed the highest PPAR-γ gene expression (P < 0.05). SO-rich diets suppressed AG expression in chickens' abdominal fat tissue, and the birds fed with SO-supplemented diet showed a significant decrease in AG expression compared with the control (P < 0.05). Chicks fed diet supplemented with SO showed lower QUICKI and breast glycogen reserve compared with the control group (P < 0.05). A significant increase in blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations was observed in birds fed SO-supplemented diets (P < 0.05). AG and PPAR-γ expression increased and decreased by GTE, respectively. QUICKI tended (P = 0.09) to be greater in GTE-supplemented chicks; however, the effect of GTE supplementation on carcass yield, abdominal fat percentage, and blood insulin and glucose concentration was not significant. The findings of this study showed that SO-rich diets via increased PPAR-γ gene expression and decreased AG expression in abdominal fat may lead to insulin resistance in female broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mohammadpour
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - H Darmani-Kuhi
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - A Mohit
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - M M Sohani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biotechnology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Ebersbach-Silva P, Poletto AC, David-Silva A, Seraphim PM, Anhê GF, Passarelli M, Furuya DT, Machado UF. Palmitate-induced Slc2a4/GLUT4 downregulation in L6 muscle cells: evidence of inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress involvement. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:64. [PMID: 29609616 PMCID: PMC5879605 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is strongly associated to insulin resistance, inflammation, and elevated plasma free fatty acids, but the mechanisms behind this association are not fully comprehended. Evidences suggest that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may play a role in this complex pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of inflammation and ER stress in the modulation of glucose transporter GLUT4, encoded by Slc2a4 gene, in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Methods L6 cells were acutely (2 h) and chronically (6 and 12 h) exposed to palmitate, and the expression of several proteins involved in insulin resistance, ER stress and inflammation were analyzed. Results Chronic and acute palmitate exposure significantly reduced GLUT4 protein (~ 39%, P < 0.01) and its mRNA (18%, P < 0.01) expression. Only acute palmitate treatment increased GRP78 (28%, P < 0.05), PERK (98%, P < 0.01), eIF-2A (35%, P < 0.01), IRE1a (60%, P < 0.05) and TRAF2 (23%, P < 0.05) protein content, and PERK phosphorylation (106%, P < 0.001), but did not elicit eIF-2A, IKK phosphorylation or increased XBP1 nuclear content. Additionally, acute and chronic palmitate increased NFKB p65 nuclear content (~ 30%, P < 0.05) and NFKB binding activity to Slc2a4 gene promoter (~ 45%, P < 0.05). Conclusion Different pathways are activated in acute and chronic palmitate induced-repression of Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression. This regulation involves activation of initial component of ER stress, such as the formation of a IRE1a-TRAF2-IKK complex, and converges to NFKB-induced repression of Slc2a4/GLUT4. These results link ER stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in L6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Ebersbach-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Poletto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Aline David-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Monteiro Seraphim
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Forato Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Tomie Furuya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil.
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Tanaka M, Yasuoka A, Shimizu M, Saito Y, Kumakura K, Asakura T, Nagai T. Transcriptomic responses of the liver and adipose tissues to altered carbohydrate-fat ratio in diet: an isoenergetic study in young rats. GENES AND NUTRITION 2017; 12:10. [PMID: 28405243 PMCID: PMC5385083 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-017-0558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background To elucidate the effects of altered dietary carbohydrate and fat balance on liver and adipose tissue transcriptomes, 3-week-old rats were fed three kinds of diets: low-, moderate-, and high-fat diets (L, M, and H) containing a different ratio of carbohydrate-fat (C-F) (65:15, 60:20, and 35:45 in energy percent, respectively). Methods The rats consumed the diets for 9 weeks and were subjected to biochemical and DNA microarray analyses. Results The rats in the H-group exhibited lower serum triacylglycerol (TG) levels but higher liver TG and cholesterol content than rats in the L-group. The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between each group (L vs M, M vs H, and L vs H) in the liver revealed about 35% of L vs H DEGs that were regulated in the same way as M vs H DEGs, and most of the others were L- vs H-specific. Gene ontology analysis of these L vs H DEGs indicated that those related to fatty acid synthesis and circadian rhythm were enriched. Interestingly, about 30% of L vs M DEGs were regulated in a reverse way compared with L vs H and M vs H DEGs. These reversed liver DEGs included M-up/H-down genes (Sds for gluconeogenesis from amino acids) and M-down/H-up genes (Gpd2 for gluconeogenesis from glycerol, Agpat9 for TG synthesis, and Acot1 for beta-oxidation). We also analyzed L vs H DEGs in white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues and found that both oxidation and synthesis of fatty acids were inhibited in these tissues. Conclusions These results indicate that the alteration of dietary C-F balance differentially affects the transcriptomes of metabolizing and energy-storing tissues. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12263-017-0558-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Tanaka
- Nissin Global Innovation Center, Nissin Foods Holdings, 2100 Tobukimachi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0001 Japan
| | - Akihito Yasuoka
- Project on Health and Anti-Aging, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Center (LiSE) 4F C-4, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821 Japan
| | - Manae Shimizu
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Saito
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kei Kumakura
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033 Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Toshitada Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033 Japan
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Rodrigues L, Mouta R, Costa AR, Pereira A, Capela e Silva F, Amado F, Antunes CM, Lamy E. Effects of high-fat diet on salivary α-amylase, serum parameters and food consumption in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:854-62. [PMID: 25795283 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Salivary α-amylase, a major protein in saliva, has been described as a marker of sympathetic nervous system activity, hence for metabolic energy balance. In this context, its expression in overweight and obesity is of interest. Rats fed with a diet enriched with sunflower oil differentially gained weight yielding two subgroups according to their susceptibility (OP) or resistance (OR) to obesity. Elevated plasmatic levels of leptin in the OP subgroup and altered plasmatic lipid profiles (lower triglycerides and higher total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio compared to controls) in the OR subgroup were observed. Animals from the OP subgroup presented higher α-amylase expression and activity even prior to the dietary treatment, suggesting that this salivary protein may constitute a putative indicator of susceptibility for fat tissue accumulation. After 18 weeks of high-fat diet consumption, salivary α-amylase levels did not significantly change in the OP subgroup, but increased 3-fold in the OR subgroup. The increase in α-amylase levels for the latter might represent an adaptation to lower starch intake. These results suggest that salivary α-amylase secretion might be useful to predict susceptibility for weight gain induced by high-fat diet consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lénia Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Mouta
- ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rodrigues Costa
- ICAAM e Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Alfredo Pereira
- ICAAM e Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Capela e Silva
- ICAAM e Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Francisco Amado
- Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agro-Alimentares (QOPNA) e Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Célia M Antunes
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elsa Lamy
- ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, 702-554, Évora, Portugal.
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Sunflower oil supplementation has proinflammatory effects and does not reverse insulin resistance in obesity induced by high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:945131. [PMID: 22988427 PMCID: PMC3441046 DOI: 10.1155/2012/945131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as sunflower oil has been associated to beneficial effects in plasma lipid profile, but its role on inflammation and insulin resistance is not fully elucidated yet. We evaluated the effect of sunflower oil supplementation on inflammatory state and insulin resistance condition in HFD-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 male mice (8 weeks) were divided in four groups: (a) control diet (CD), (b) HFD, (c) CD supplemented with n-6 (CD + n-6), and (d) HFD supplemented with n-6 (HFD + n-6). CD + n-6 and HFD + n-6 were supplemented with sunflower oil by oral gavage at 2 g/Kg of body weight, three times per week. CD and HFD were supplemented with water instead at the same dose. HFD induced whole and muscle-specific insulin resistance associated with increased inflammatory markers in insulin-sensitive tissues and macrophage cells. Sunflower oil supplementation was not efficient in preventing or reducing these parameters. In addition, the supplementation increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages and tissues. Lipid profile, on the other hand, was improved with the sunflower oil supplementation in animals fed HFD. In conclusion, sunflower oil supplementation improves lipid profile, but it does not prevent or attenuate insulin resistance and inflammation induced by HFD in C57BL/6 mice.
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Campello RS, Alves-Wagner ABT, Abdulkader F, Mori RCT, Machado UF. Carbohydrate- and lipid-enriched meals acutely disrupt glycemic homeostasis by inducing transient insulin resistance in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:537-45. [PMID: 22510071 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic intake of high-carbohydrate or high-lipid diets is a well-known insulin resistance inducer. This study investigates the immediate effect (1-6 h) of a carbohydrate- or lipid-enriched meal on insulin sensitivity. Fasted rats were refed with standard, carbohydrate-enriched (C), or lipid-enriched (L) meal. Plasma insulin, glucose, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were measured at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h of refeeding. The glucose-insulin index showed that either carbohydrates or lipids decreased insulin sensitivity at 2 h of refeeding. At this time point, insulin tolerance tests (ITTs) and glucose tolerance tests (GTTs) detected insulin resistance in C rats, while GTT confirmed it in L rats. Reduced glycogen and phosphorylated AKT and GSK3 content revealed hepatic insulin resistance in C rats. Reduced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle subjected to the fatty acid concentration that mimics the high NEFA level of L rats suggests insulin resistance in these animals is mainly in muscle. In conclusion, carbohydrate- or lipid-enriched meals acutely disrupt glycemic homeostasis, inducing a transient insulin resistance, which seems to involve liver and skeletal muscle, respectively. Thus, the insulin resistance observed when those types of diets are chronically consumed may be an evolution of repeated episodes of this transient insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Saldanha Campello
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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