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Shevtsova Y, Eldarov C, Starodubtseva N, Goryunov K, Chagovets V, Ionov O, Plotnikov E, Silachev D. Identification of Metabolomic Signatures for Ischemic Hypoxic Encephalopathy Using a Neonatal Rat Model. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1693. [PMID: 37892356 PMCID: PMC10605414 DOI: 10.3390/children10101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
A study was performed to determine early metabolomic markers of ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy (HIE) using a Rice-Vannucci model for newborn rats. Dried blood spots from 7-day-old male and female rat pups, including 10 HIE-affected animals and 16 control animals, were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) in positive and negative ion recording modes. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed two distinct clusters of metabolites in both HPLC-MS modes. Subsequent univariate statistical analysis identified 120 positive and 54 negative molecular ions that exhibited statistically significant change in concentration, with more than a 1.5-fold difference after HIE. In the HIE group, the concentrations of steroid hormones, saturated mono- and triglycerides, and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were significantly decreased in positive mode. On the contrary, the concentration of unsaturated PCs was increased in the HIE group. Among negatively charged molecular ions, the greatest variations were found in the categories of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositols, and triglycerides. The major metabolic pathways associated with changed metabolites were analyzed for both modes. Metabolic pathways such as steroid biosynthesis and metabolism fatty acids were most affected. These results underscored the central role of glycerophospholipid metabolism in triggering systemic responses in HIE. Therefore, lipid biomarkers' evaluation by targeted HPLC-MS research could be a promising approach for the early diagnosis of HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Shevtsova
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Chupalav Eldarov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Starodubtseva
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Kirill Goryunov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Vitaliy Chagovets
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Oleg Ionov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Egor Plotnikov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Silachev
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (Y.S.); (C.E.); (N.S.); (K.G.); (V.C.); (O.I.); (E.P.)
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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Ivanauskaite A, Rantala M, Laihonen L, Konert MM, Schwenner N, Mühlenbeck JS, Finkemeier I, Mulo P. Loss of Chloroplast GNAT Acetyltransferases Results in Distinct Metabolic Phenotypes in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:549-563. [PMID: 37026998 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the most common chemical modifications found on a variety of molecules ranging from metabolites to proteins. Although numerous chloroplast proteins have been shown to be acetylated, the role of acetylation in the regulation of chloroplast functions has remained mainly enigmatic. The chloroplast acetylation machinery in Arabidopsis thaliana consists of eight General control non-repressible 5 (GCN5)-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT)-family enzymes that catalyze both N-terminal and lysine acetylation of proteins. Additionally, two plastid GNATs have also been reported to be involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin. Here, we have characterized six plastid GNATs (GNAT1, GNAT2, GNAT4, GNAT6, GNAT7 and GNAT10) using a reverse genetics approach with an emphasis on the metabolomes and photosynthesis of the knock-out plants. Our results reveal the impact of GNAT enzymes on the accumulation of chloroplast-related compounds, such as oxylipins and ascorbate, and the GNAT enzymes also affect the accumulation of amino acids and their derivatives. Specifically, the amount of acetylated arginine and proline was significantly decreased in the gnat2 and gnat7 mutants, respectively, as compared to the wild-type Col-0 plants. Additionally, our results show that the loss of the GNAT enzymes results in increased accumulation of Rubisco and Rubisco activase (RCA) at the thylakoids. Nevertheless, the reallocation of Rubisco and RCA did not have consequent effects on carbon assimilation under the studied conditions. Taken together, our results show that chloroplast GNATs affect diverse aspects of plant metabolism and pave way for future research into the role of protein acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Ivanauskaite
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjaana Rantala
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Laihonen
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna M Konert
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Naike Schwenner
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jens S Mühlenbeck
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Yousri NA, Suhre K, Yassin E, Al-Shakaki A, Robay A, Elshafei M, Chidiac O, Hunt SC, Crystal RG, Fakhro KA. Metabolic and Metabo-Clinical Signatures of Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Retinopathy, and Dyslipidemia. Diabetes 2022; 71:184-205. [PMID: 34732537 PMCID: PMC8914294 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Macro- and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and dyslipidemia share common metabolic pathways. In this study, using a total of 1,300 metabolites from 996 Qatari adults (57% with T2D) and 1,159 metabolites from an independent cohort of 2,618 individuals from the Qatar BioBank (11% with T2D), we identified 373 metabolites associated with T2D, obesity, retinopathy, dyslipidemia, and lipoprotein levels, 161 of which were novel. Novel metabolites included phospholipids, sphingolipids, lysolipids, fatty acids, dipeptides, and metabolites of the urea cycle and xanthine, steroid, and glutathione metabolism. The identified metabolites enrich pathways of oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, and proteolysis. Second, we identified 15 patterns we defined as "metabo-clinical signatures." These are clusters of patients with T2D who group together based on metabolite levels and reveal the same clustering in two or more clinical variables (obesity, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and retinopathy). These signatures revealed metabolic pathways associated with different clinical patterns and identified patients with extreme (very high/low) clinical variables associated with extreme metabolite levels in specific pathways. Among our novel findings are the role of N-acetylmethionine in retinopathy in conjunction with dyslipidemia and the possible roles of N-acetylvaline and pyroglutamine in association with high cholesterol levels and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Yousri
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Corresponding author: Noha A. Yousri,
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Esraa Yassin
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Amal Robay
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omar Chidiac
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Khalid A. Fakhro
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Kurkinen K, Kärkkäinen O, Lehto SM, Luoma I, Kraav SL, Nieminen AI, Kivimäki P, Therman S, Tolmunen T. One-carbon and energy metabolism in major depression compared to chronic depression in adolescent outpatients: A metabolomic pilot study. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Altered metabolic pathways elucidated via untargeted in vivo toxicometabolomics in rat urine and plasma samples collected after controlled application of a human equivalent amphetamine dose. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3223-3234. [PMID: 34414480 PMCID: PMC8448701 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Amphetamine is widely consumed as drug of abuse due to its stimulating and cognitive enhancing effects. Since amphetamine has been on the market for quite a long time and it is one of the most commonly used stimulants worldwide, to date there is still limited information on its effects on the metabolome. In recent years, untargeted toxicometabolomics have been increasingly used to study toxicity-related pathways of such drugs of abuse to find and identify important endogenous and exogenous biomarkers. In this study, the acute effects of amphetamine intake on plasma and urinary metabolome in rats were investigated. For this purpose, samples of male Wistar rats after a single dose of amphetamine (5 mg/kg) were compared to a control group using an untargeted metabolomics approach. Analysis was performed using normal and reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry using positive and negative ionization mode. Statistical evaluation was performed using Welch's two-sample t test, hierarchical clustering, as well as principal component analysis. The results of this study demonstrate a downregulation of amino acids in plasma samples after amphetamine exposure. Furthermore, four new potential biomarkers N-acetylamphetamine, N-acetyl-4-hydroxyamphetamine, N-acetyl-4-hydroxyamphetamine glucuronide, and amphetamine succinate were identified in urine. The present study complements previous data and shows that several studies are necessary to elucidate altered metabolic pathways associated with acute amphetamine exposure.
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Cerrato A, Bedia C, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Gentile V, Maggi M, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Sciarra A, Tauler R, Laganà A. Untargeted metabolomics of prostate cancer zwitterionic and positively charged compounds in urine. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1158:338381. [PMID: 33863412 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, principally occurs in over 50-year-old men. Nowadays there is urgency to discover biomarkers alternative to prostate-specific antigen, as it cannot discriminate patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia from clinically significant forms of prostatic cancer. In the present paper, 32 benign prostatic hyperplasia and 41 prostatic cancer urine samples were collected and analyzed. Polar and positively charged metabolites were therein investigated using an analytical platform comprising an up to 40-fold analyte enrichment step by graphitized carbon black solid-phase extraction, HILIC separation, and untargeted high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. These classes of compounds are often neglected in common metabolomics experiments even though previous studies reported their significance in cancer biomarker discovery. The complex metabolomics big datasets, generated by the UHPLC-HRMS, were analyzed with the ROIMCR procedure, based on the selection of the MS regions of interest data and their analysis by the Multivariate Curve-Resolution Alternating Least Squares chemometrics method. This approach allowed the resolution and tentative identification of the metabolites differentially expressed by the two data sets. Among these, amino acids and carnitine derivatives were tentatively identified highlighting the importance of the proposed methodology for cancer biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerrato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gentile
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologio-ostetriche e Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università, di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Maggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologio-ostetriche e Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università, di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sciarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologio-ostetriche e Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università, di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roma Tauler
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; CNR NANOTEC, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Delwing-de Lima D, Sasso S, Dalmedico L, Delwing-Dal Magro D, Pereira EM, Wyse ATS. Argininic acid alters markers of cellular oxidative damage in vitro: Protective role of antioxidants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:605-611. [PMID: 28554820 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We, herein, investigated the in vitro effects of argininic acid on thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl content and on the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood, kidney and liver of 60-day-old rats. We also verified the influence of the antioxidants (each at 1.0mM) trolox and ascorbic acid, as well as of NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at 1.0mM, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on the effects elicited by argininic acid on the parameters tested. The liver, renal cortex and renal medulla were homogenized in 10vol (1:10w/v) of 20mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, containing 140mM KCl; and erythrocytes and plasma were prepared from whole blood samples obtained from rats. For in vitro experiments, the samples were pre-incubated for 1h at 37°C in the presence of argininic acid at final concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0μM. Control experiments were performed without the addition of argininic acid. Results showed that argininic acid (5.0μM) enhanced CAT and SOD activities and decreased GSH-Px activity in the erythrocytes, increased CAT and decreased GSH-Px activities in the renal cortex and decreased CAT and SOD activities in the renal medulla of 60-day-old rats, as compared to the control group. Antioxidants and/or L-NAME prevented most of the alterations caused by argininic acid on the oxidative stress parameters evaluated. Data suggest that argininic acid alters antioxidant defenses in the blood and kidney of rats; however, in the presence of antioxidants and L-NAME, most of these alterations in oxidative stress were prevented. These findings suggest that oxidative stress may be make an important contribution to the damage caused by argininic acid in hyperargininemic patients and that treatment with antioxidants may be beneficial in this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Delwing-de Lima
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil.
| | - Simone Sasso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Leticia Dalmedico
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora Delwing-Dal Magro
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, CEP 89012-900, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Manoel Pereira
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972, Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Delwing-de Lima D, Delwing-Dal Magro D, Vieira CLP, Grola GMM, Fischer DA, de Souza Wyse AT. Hyperargininemia and renal oxidative stress: Prevention by antioxidants andNG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 31:1-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Delwing-de Lima
- Departamento de Medicina; Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE; Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972 Joinville SC Brazil
| | - Débora Delwing-Dal Magro
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Naturais; Universidade Regional de Blumenau; Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140 CEP 89012-900 Blumenau SC Brazil
| | - Cindy Laís Pett Vieira
- Departamento de Farmácia; Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE; Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972 Joinville SC Brazil
| | - Gislaine Maria Marestoni Grola
- Departamento de Farmácia; Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE; Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972 Joinville SC Brazil
| | - Débora Adriana Fischer
- Departamento de Farmácia; Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE; Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, CEP 89201-972 Joinville SC Brazil
| | - Angela Terezinha de Souza Wyse
- Laboratório deNeuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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Moura AP, Parmeggiani B, Grings M, Alvorcem LDM, Boldrini RM, Bumbel AP, Motta MM, Seminotti B, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Intracerebral Glycine Administration Impairs Energy and Redox Homeostasis and Induces Glial Reactivity in Cerebral Cortex of Newborn Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5864-5875. [PMID: 26497039 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of glycine (GLY) is the biochemical hallmark of glycine encephalopathy (GE), an aminoacidopathy characterized by severe neurological dysfunction that may lead to early death. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a single intracerebroventricular administration of GLY on bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and histopathology in brain of neonatal rats. Our results demonstrated that GLY decreased the activities of the respiratory chain complex IV and creatine kinase, induced reactive species generation, and diminished glutathione (GSH) levels 1, 5, and 10 days after GLY injection in cerebral cortex of 1-day-old rats. GLY also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels 5 days after GLY infusion in this brain region. Furthermore, GLY differentially modulated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase depending on the period tested after GLY administration. In contrast, bioenergetics and redox parameters were not altered in brain of 5-day-old rats. Regarding the histopathological analysis, GLY increased S100β staining in cerebral cortex and striatum, and GFAP in corpus callosum of 1-day-old rats 5 days after injection. Finally, we verified that melatonin prevented the decrease of complex IV and CK activities and GSH concentrations, and the increase of MDA levels and S100β staining caused by GLY. Based on our findings, it may be presumed that impairment of redox and energy homeostasis and glial reactivity induced by GLY may contribute to the neurological dysfunction observed in GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Pimentel Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de Moura Alvorcem
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mello Boldrini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Bumbel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcela Moreira Motta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Seminotti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos No. 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Differential in vitro effects of homoarginine on oxidative stress in plasma, erythrocytes, kidney and liver of rats in the absence and in the presence α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid or L-NAME. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1931-9. [PMID: 25894889 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro effects of homoarginine (hArg) at 1, 10 and 20 µM on thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl content and on the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma, erythrocytes, kidney and liver of rats (60 days old). We also investigated the influence of the antioxidants (each at 1 mM) α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, as well as of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N (G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at 1 mM, on the effects elicited by hArg on the parameters tested. In plasma, hArg at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM decreased moderately the total sulfhydryl content. At 20 µM, hArg enhanced moderately TBA-RS in the plasma. In plasma, the effects of hArg (20 µM) on TBA-RS and total thiol content were abolished by α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and L-NAME. At all concentrations tested, hArg did not exert any effect on CAT, SOD or GSH-Px activity in the erythrocytes. In the kidney, hArg exerted effects only at 20 µM and in a different manner: TBA-RS levels increased and total thiol content and CAT activity decreased, while SOD and GSH-Px activity increased. In the renal medulla, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid but not L-NAME abolished the effects of hArg (20 µM) on TBA-RS, while all agents inhibited the hArg-induced increase in SOD activity. In the renal cortex, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and L-NAME abolished the effects of hArg (20 µM) on the total sulfhydryl content and GSH-Px activity, but L-NAME did not reverse the inhibitory effects of hArg on CAT activity. In the liver, no effects of hArg were observed of all biomarkers measured. At the pathologically high concentration of 20 µM, as it may occur in plasma in hyperargininemia, hArg may enhance lipid peroxidation and thiol oxidation and inhibit CAT activity, but may increase SOD and GSH-Px activity predominantly in the kidney.
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