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Tan YQ, Zhang W, Xie ZC, Li J, Chen HW. CaMK II in Cardiovascular Diseases, Especially CaMK II-δ: Friends or Enemies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3461-3476. [PMID: 39132626 PMCID: PMC11314529 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s473251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) tend to affect the young population and are associated with a significant economic burden and psychological distress to the society and families. The physiological and pathological processes underlying CVDs are complex. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMK II), a protein kinase, has multiple biological functions. It participates in multiple pathological processes and plays a central role in the development of CVDs. Based on this, this paper analyzes the structural characteristics and distribution of CaMK II, the mechanism of action of CaMK II, and the relationship between CaMK II and CVDs, including ion channels, ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, myocardial hypertrophy, cardiotoxicity, hypertension, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Given the different regulatory mechanisms of different isoforms of CaMK II, the clinical use of specific targeted inhibitors or novel compounds should be evaluated in future research to provide new directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Cong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng-Wen Chen
- New Drug Research and Development Office, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
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Yang H, Xuan L, Wang S, Luo H, Duan X, Guo J, Cui S, Xin J, Hao J, Li X, Chen J, Sun F, Hu X, Li S, Zhang Y, Jiao L, Yang B, Sun L. LncRNA CCRR maintains Ca 2+ homeostasis against myocardial infarction through the FTO-SERCA2a pathway. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1601-1619. [PMID: 38761356 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac conduction regulatory RNA (CCRR) has been documented as an antiarrhythmic lncRNA in our earlier investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CCRR on SERCA2a and the associated Ca2+ homeostasis in myocardial infarction (MI). Overexpression of CCRR via AAV9-mediated delivery not only partially reversed ischemia-induced contractile dysfunction but also alleviated abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis and reduced the heightened methylation level of SERCA2a following MI. These effects were also observed in CCRR over-expressing transgenic mice. A conserved sequence domain of CCRR mimicked the protective function observed with the full length. Furthermore, silencing CCRR in healthy mice led to intracellular Ca2+ overloading of cardiomyocytes. CCRR increased SERCA2a protein stability by upregulating FTO expression. The direct interaction between CCRR and FTO protein was characterized by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis and RNA pulldown experiments. Activation of NFATc3 was identified as an upstream mechanism responsible for CCRR downregulation in MI. This study demonstrates that CCRR is a protective lncRNA that acts by maintaining the function of FTO, thereby reducing the m6A RNA methylation level of SERCA2a, ultimately preserving calcium homeostasis for myocardial contractile function in MI. Therefore, CCRR may be considered a promising therapeutic strategy with a beneficial role in cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lina Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huishan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaomeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shijia Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jieru Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Junwei Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Feihan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Siyun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Xu Z, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Cheng Z, Wan M, Qin W, Li P, Feng J, Shao S, Xue W, Guo H, Liu B. Recent pharmacological advances in the treatment of cardiovascular events with Astragaloside IV. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115752. [PMID: 37875045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death and disability globally. A wide range of CVDs have been reported, each of which diverges significantly, exhibiting sophisticated types of pathogenesis (e.g., inflammatory, oxidative stress, and disorders in cardiomyocyte metabolism). Compared with conventional treatments in modern medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can exhibit comparative advantages in the treatment of CVDs. TCM can be utilized to develop effective strategies for addressing the challenges of CVD, with fewer side effects and higher therapeutic efficiency. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been confirmed as one of the major active ingredients found in Astragalus membranaceus (a Chinese herbal medicine that has been extensively employed clinically for the treatments of CVDs). Since recent studies have shown that AS-IV in CVD treatments has achieved promising results, the substance has aroused great attention and further discussions in the field. The present review aims to summarize the recent pharmacological advances in employing AS-IV in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Xu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Houle Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ziji Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Melisandre Wan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wanting Qin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiaming Feng
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuijin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenlong Xue
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Haidong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Baonian Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Chen M, Wu Q. Roles and mechanisms of natural drugs on sinus node dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114777. [PMID: 37229801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinus node dysfunction is a common arrhythmia disorder with a high incidence and significant social and economic burden. Currently, there are no effective drugs for treating chronic sinus node dysfunction. The disease is associated with ion channel disturbances caused by aging, fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and autonomic dysfunction. Natural active substances and Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used and extensively studied in the medical community for the treatment of arrhythmias. Multiple studies have demonstrated that various active ingredients and Chinese herbal medicines, such as astragaloside IV, quercetin, and ginsenosides, exhibit antioxidant effects, reduce fibrosis, and maintain ion channel stability, providing promising drugs for treating sinus node dysfunction. This article summarizes the research progress on natural active ingredients and Chinese herbal formulas that regulate sick sinoatrial node function, providing valuable references for the treatment of sinus node dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Chen
- Quanzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Qiaomin Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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Zeng Z, Wang X, Cui L, Wang H, Guo J, Chen Y. Natural Products for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension: Mechanism, Progress, and Future Opportunities. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2351-2371. [PMID: 36975522 PMCID: PMC10047369 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lethal disease due to the remodeling of pulmonary vessels. Its pathophysiological characteristics include increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right heart failure and death. The pathological mechanism of PH is complex and includes inflammation, oxidative stress, vasoconstriction/diastolic imbalance, genetic factors, and ion channel abnormalities. Currently, many clinical drugs for the treatment of PH mainly play their role by relaxing pulmonary arteries, and the treatment effect is limited. Recent studies have shown that various natural products have unique therapeutic advantages for PH with complex pathological mechanisms owing to their multitarget characteristics and low toxicity. This review summarizes the main natural products and their pharmacological mechanisms in PH treatment to provide a useful reference for future research and development of new anti-PH drugs and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuomei Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lidan Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yucai Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (Y.C.)
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LncRNA XR_595552 inhibition alleviates intermittent hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte damage via activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:129-136. [PMID: 35195829 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression profiles have been observed in previous study, the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in OSA-related cardiac injury have not been elucidated. In the present study, we investigated a novel lncRNA, lncRNA XR_595552, and evaluated its role in intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced damage in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. METHODS H9c2 cells were exposed to IH condition. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to measure the expression changes of lncRNA XR_595552 in H9c2 cells stimulated by IH. H9c2 cells were subjected to IH after transfection. CCK-8 was used to evaluate cell viability, and apoptosis was analyzed by Western blotting. Additionally, the regulatory relationship between lncRNA XR_595552 and PI3K/AKT was tested by RT-qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS IH significantly induced injury in H9c2 cells (inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis). lncRNA XR_595552 was upregulated in a cell model of IH. Inhibition of lncRNA XR_595552 protected H9c2 cells against IH-induced damage, as the viability was increased, Bax, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 were downregulated, and Bcl-2 was upregulated. More interestingly, lncRNA XR_595552 downregulation activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. Blocking the PI3K/AKT signal pathway by the use of LY294002 eliminated the myocardioprotective effects of lncRNA XR_595552 in H9c2 cells under IH condition. CONCLUSIONS The results show that lncRNA XR_595552, a novel lncRNA, may play a protective role in attenuating IH-induced injury in cardiomyocytes via a regulating PI3K/AKT pathway. The findings suggest that this lncRNA could serve as a therapeutic target to treat OSA-related cardiovascular disorders.
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Zhao F, Lu M, Wang H. Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction by suppressing the formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species through the calpain-1 pathway. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:144-154. [PMID: 36644390 PMCID: PMC9834019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the major pathophysiological feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is vital for the occurrence of cardiovascular complications. The activation of calpain-1 mediates the production of endothelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, resulting in vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED). Ginsenoside Rg1 is thought to against endothelial cell dysfunction, but the potential mechanism of CIH-induced VED remains unclear. Methods C57BL/6 mice and human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were exposed to CIH following knockout or overexpression of calpain-1. The effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on VED, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the expression levels of calpain-1, PP2A and p-eNOS were detected both in vivo and in vitro. Results CIH promoted VED, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction accompanied by enhanced levels of calpain-1 and PP2A and reduced levels of p-eNOS in mice and cellular levels. Ginsenoside Rg1, calpain-1 knockout, OKA, NAC and TEMPOL treatment protected against CIH-induced VED, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is likely concomitant with the downregulated protein expression of calpain-1 and PP2A and the upregulation of p-eNOS in mice and cellular levels. Calpain-1 overexpression increased the expression of PP2A, reduced the level of p-eNOS, and accelerated the occurrence and development of VED, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in HCAECs exposed to CIH. Moreover, scavengers of O2 • -, H2O2, complex Ⅰ or mitoKATP abolished CIH-induced impairment in endothelial-dependent relaxation. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg1 may alleviate CIH-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction by suppressing the formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species through the calpain-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meili Lu
- Corresponding authors. Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Corresponding authors. Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
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Song JX, Zhao YS, Zhen YQ, Yang XY, Chen Q, An JR, Ji ES. Banxia-Houpu decoction diminishes iron toxicity damage in heart induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:609-620. [PMID: 35286247 PMCID: PMC8928803 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2043392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) causes chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), which results in mitochondrial dysfunction and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the heart. Excessive free iron could accelerate oxidative damage, which may be involved in this process. Banxia-Houpu decoction (BHD) was reported to improve the apnoea hypopnoea index in OSA patients, but the specific mechanism was still unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether BHD could reduce CIH-induced heart damage by regulating iron metabolism and mitochondrial function. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into control, CIH and BHD groups. Mice were exposed to CIH (21 - 5% O2, 20 times/h, 8 h/d) and administered BHD (3.51, 7.01 and 14.02 g/kg, intragastrically) for 21 d. Cardiac and mitochondrial function, iron levels, apoptosis and mitophagy were determined. RESULTS BHD (7.01 g/kg) significantly improved cardiac dysfunction, pathological change and mitochondrial structure induced by CIH. BHD increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio (1.4-fold) and inhibited caspase 3 cleavage in CIH mice (0.45-fold). BHD activated mitophagy by upregulating Parkin (1.94-fold) and PINK1 (1.26-fold), inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. BHD suppressed ROS generation by decreasing NOX2 (0.59-fold) and 4-HNE (0.83-fold). BHD reduced the total iron in myocardial cells (0.72-fold) and mitochondrial iron by downregulating Mfrn2 (0.81-fold) and MtFt (0.78-fold) proteins, and upregulating ABCB8 protein (1.33-fold). Rosmarinic acid, the main component of Perilla Leaf in BHD, was able to react with Fe2+ and Fe3+ in vitro. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings encourage the use of BHD to resist cardiovascular injury and provide the theoretical basis for clinical treatment in OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xian Song
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ya-Shuo Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhen
- Experimental Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xin-Yue Yang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ji-Ren An
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
- First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, PR China
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
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Liu X, Zhang H, Yan J, Li X, Li J, Hu J, Shang X, Yang H. Deciphering the Efficacy and Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus on High Altitude Polycythemia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Experiments. Nutrients 2022; 14:4968. [PMID: 36500998 PMCID: PMC9740273 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic exposure makes plateau migrators susceptible to high altitude polycythemia (HAPC). Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is an edible and medicinal plant with remarkable immunomodulatory activities. The purpose of this study was to discover if AM could be a candidate for the prevention of HAPC and its mechanism. Here, network pharmacology was applied to screen active compounds, key targets, and enriched pathways of AM in the treatment of HAPC. Molecular docking evaluated the affinity between compounds and core targets. Subsequently, the mechanisms of AM were further verified using the hypoxia exposure-induced mice model of HAPC. The network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking results identified 14 core targets of AM on HAPC, which were predominantly mainly enriched in the HIF-1 pathway. In the HAPC animal models, we found that AM inhibited the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into the erythroid lineage. It also suppressed the production of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in peripheral blood by reducing the expression of HIF-1α, EPO, VEGFA, and Gata-1 mRNA. Furthermore, AM downregulated the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ mRNA, thereby alleviating organ inflammation. In conclusion, AM supplementation alleviates hypoxia-induced HAPC in mice, and TNF-α, AKT1, HIF-1α, VEGFA, IL-6, and IL-1B may be the key targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jinxiao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jie Li
- General Station for Drug & Instrument Supervision and Control, Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Jialu Hu
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xuequn Shang
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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Zhang W, Ye L, Fang H. Astragaloside IV Improve Neurological Function of Cerebral Ischemia. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study intends to assess astragaloside IV’s effect on neurological function in mice cerebral ischemia model. The mouse model of cerebral ischemia was established by photochemistry and then assigned into sham operation group (photochemical building do not accept cold light
irradiation) and control group (10 ug/ml by intraperitoneal injection of saline solution), drug group (10 ug/ml by intraperitoneal injection of Astragaloside IV) followed by analysis of neurological severity, cerebral infarction area, loss of neurons, glial cell activation and the activities
of LC3, Beclin1, Caspase-3, P62 and mTOR by Western Blot. The neurons in cerebral infarction were missing and marginal area and penumbra appeared. The tissue in cerebral infarction became white, and the modeling was successful. The drug group showed significantly reduced scores and decreased
infarct area of brain tissue compared with control group on day 14, 21 and 28 (P < 0.05). TUNEL staining showed increased number of TUNEL cells at the ischemic edge in the drug group (0.35±0.07)% (P < 0.05), while the IBAL staining of (27.12±3.01)% and GFAP
staining of (0.08±0.02)% in the drug group showed significant inhibition of astrocytes (P < 0.05). The activity of LC3, Beclin1, Caspase-3 and P62 in drug group was inhibited, while the activity of mTOR was promoted. In conclusion, Astragaloside IV improves the balance ability
and the neural function of cerebral ischemia repair in mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Enesthesiology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Lun Ye
- Department of Emergency, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260, China
| | - Hairong Fang
- Department of Neurology (II) Ward, The First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
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11
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Zhao F, Meng Y, Wang Y, Fan S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Ran C, Wang H, Lu M. Protective effect of Astragaloside IV on chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction through the calpain-1/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:920977. [PMID: 35983375 PMCID: PMC9381017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.920977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) is linked with the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Astragaloside IV (As-IV) has exhibited significant improvement for endothelial dysfunction. Nonetheless, the protective mechanism is not clear. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential mechanism of As-IV on VED. Calpain-1 knockout and wild-type C57BL/6 mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) were established and treated with As-IV (40, 80 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) subjected to CIH exposure were pretreated with As-IV, MDL-28170 (calpain-1 inhibitor) and SRT1720 (SIRT1 activator) for 48 h in vitro. The endothelial function, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were measured to evaluate VED. Our data revealed that As-IV treatment ameliorated CIH-induced endothelial-dependent vasomotion and augmented nitric oxide (NO) production. As-IV administration suppressed the secretion of inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. As-IV treatment reduced the expression of calpain-1 and restored the downregulated expression of SIRT1 and Thr172 AMPK and Ser1177 eNOS phosphorylation. The effects of calpain-1 knockout and SRT1720 were similar to the effect of As-IV on VED. These findings demonstrated that As-IV ameliorated VED induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia via the calpain-1/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meili Lu
- *Correspondence: Hongxin Wang, ; Meili Lu,
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12
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Li B, Yu J, Liu P, Zeng T, Zeng X. Astragaloside IV protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia injury via HIF-1α and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1435. [PMID: 34733987 PMCID: PMC8506767 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is an important cause of myocardial injury due to the heart’s high susceptibility to hypoxia. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is the main component of Astragalus membranaceus and could exert cardiac protective role. Here, the effect of AS-IV on hypoxia-injured H9c2 cardiomyocytes was elucidated. Methods First, H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia and/or AS-IV treatment. Cell apoptosis, death, and viability as well as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression and apoptotic proteins were analyzed. Next, transfection of si-HIF-1α into H9c2 cells was carried out to test whether upregulation and stabilization of HIF-1α influences the effect of AS-IV on hypoxia-treated H9c2 cells. Furthermore, the regulatory role of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling on HIF-1α levels was examined. Results Hypoxia suppressed viability and promoted the apoptosis and death of H9c2 cells. AS-IV eliminated hypoxia-induced H9c2 injury. Moreover, HIF-1α signaling was further activated and stabilized by AS-IV in hypoxia-challenged H9c2 cells. Downregulation of HIF-1α suppressed the function of AS-IV in hypoxia-challenged H9c2 cells. AS-IV promoted JAK2/STAT3 signaling in hypoxia-induced injury. The beneficial functions of AS-IV in hypoxia-exposed H9c2 cells were linked to HIF-1α upregulation and JAK2/STAT3 signaling activation. Conclusions AS-IV relieved H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury after hypoxia, possibly by activating JAK2/STAT3-mediated HIF-1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Junjian Yu
- Cardiovascular and Thoracis Surgery Department 2, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Taohui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xueliang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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13
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Tan YQ, Chen HW, Li J. Astragaloside IV: An Effective Drug for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3731-3746. [PMID: 32982178 PMCID: PMC7507407 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s272355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the number one cause of death worldwide, has always been the focus of clinical and scientific research. Due to the high number of deaths each year, it is essential to find alternative therapies that are safe and effective with minimal side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of significant impact on the treatment of CVDs. The mode of action of natural active ingredients of drugs and the development of new drugs are currently hot topics in research on TCM. Astragalus membranaceus is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus has anti-tumor properties and can regulate metabolism, enhance immunity, and strengthen the heart. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is the active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus, which has a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. AS-IV can protect against ischemic and hypoxic myocardial cell injury, inhibit myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, enhance myocardial contractility, improve diastolic dysfunction, alleviate vascular endothelial dysfunction, and promote angiogenesis. It can also regulate blood glucose and blood lipid levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the mechanism of AS-IV intervention in cardiovascular diseases in recent years is reviewed in order to provide a reference for future research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
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