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Oliveira RFD, Stoltz IR, Gonçalves PG, Echevarria A, Taborda L, Lepinsk Lopes RH, Pereira LF, Elifio-Esposito S. Evaluation of the antitumoral effects of the mesoionic compound MI-D: Implications for endothelial cells viability and angiogenesis inhibition. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110796. [PMID: 37951333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer, assisting tumor progression and metastasis. The mesoionic compound, MI-D, can induce cell death and provoke cytoskeletal and metabolic changes in cancer cells. Using in vitro and in vivo models, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of MI-D on the viability of human endothelial cells (EC) and its ability to inhibit tumor-induced angiogenesis induced by tumoral cells. For in vitro analysis, colon carcinoma (HT29) and endothelial (EA.hy926) cells were used as the tumoral and angiogenesis models, respectively. To evaluate cytotoxicity, methylene blue viability stain and annexin-V/7AAD tests were performed with both cell types. For the angiogenesis experiments, scratch wound healing and capillary tube-like formation assays were performed with the EC. The in vivo tests were performed with the chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) methodology, wherein gelatin sponge implants containing MI-D (5, 25, and 50 μM), HT29 cells, or both were grafted in the CAM. Our data showed that MI-D induced apoptosis in both endothelial and colon carcinoma cells, with a strong cytotoxic effect on the tumoral lineage. The drug inhibited the EC's migration and capillary-like structure formation in vitro. In the HET-CAM assays, MI-D reduced the number of blood vessels in the membrane when grafted alone and accompanied by tumor cells. In this study, MI-D interfered in important steps of angiogenesis, such as maintenance of endothelial cell viability, migration, formation of capillary-like structures, as well tumor-induced neovascularization, reinforcing the hypothesis that MI-D might act as an inhibitor of angiogenesis, and a potential antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Figueira de Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ian Rodrigo Stoltz
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paola Gyuliane Gonçalves
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Aurea Echevarria
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leandro Taborda
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Fernando Pereira
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Selene Elifio-Esposito
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Niu N, Ye J, Hu Z, Zhang J, Wang Y. Regulative Roles of Metabolic Plasticity Caused by Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Glycolysis on the Initiation and Progression of Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087076. [PMID: 37108242 PMCID: PMC10139088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One important feature of tumour development is the regulatory role of metabolic plasticity in maintaining the balance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in cancer cells. In recent years, the transition and/or function of metabolic phenotypes between mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in tumour cells have been extensively studied. In this review, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of metabolic plasticity (emphasizing their effects, such as immune escape, angiogenesis migration, invasiveness, heterogeneity, adhesion, and phenotypic properties of cancers, among others) on tumour progression, including the initiation and progression phases. Thus, this article provides an overall understanding of the influence of abnormal metabolic remodeling on malignant proliferation and pathophysiological changes in carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Niu
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Canghai Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Corrêa-Ferreira ML, do Rocio Andrade Pires A, Barbosa IR, Echevarria A, Pedrassoli GH, Winnischofer SMB, Noleto GR, Cadena SMSC. The mesoionic compound MI-D changes energy metabolism and induces apoptosis in T98G glioma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2033-2045. [PMID: 35420333 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The mesoionic compound 4-phenyl-5-(4-nitro-cinnamoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chloride (MI-D) impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and has a significant antitumour effect against hepatocarcinoma and melanoma. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effect of MI-D on T98G glioblastoma cells and investigated whether the impairment of oxidative phosphorylation promoted by MI-D is relevant to its cytotoxic effect. The effects of MI-D on T98G cells cultured in high glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) HG (glycolysis-dependent) and galactose plus glutamine-supplemented Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) GAL (oxidative phosphorylation-dependent) were compared. T98G cells grown in DMEM GAL medium exhibited higher respiration rates and citrate synthase activity and lower lactate levels, confirming the metabolic shift to oxidative phosphorylation in these cells. MI-D significantly decreased the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in both media; however, T98G cells cultured in DMEM GAL medium were more susceptible. The mesoionic significantly inhibited mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of glioma cells in both media. At the same time, lactate levels were not altered, indicating an absence of compensatory glycolysis activation. Additionally, MI-D increased the citrate synthase activity of cells in both media, which in DMEM HG-cultivated cells was followed by citrate accumulation. Apoptosis dependent on caspase-3 mediated the toxicity of MI-D on T98G cells. The higher susceptibility of glioma cells cultured in DMEM GAL medium to MI-D indicates that the impairment of mitochondrial functions is involved in mesoionic cytotoxicity. The results of this study indicate the potential use of MI-D for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Igor Resendes Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aurea Echevarria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sílvia Maria Suter Correia Cadena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. .,Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, C. Postal 19046, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-990, Brazil.
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4
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Pereira RA, Pires ADRA, Echevarria A, Sousa-Pereira D, Noleto GR, Suter Correia Cadena SM. The toxicity of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic derivatives on hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 349:109675. [PMID: 34563518 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesoionic compounds, 4-phenyl-5-(4-X-cinnamoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chloride derivatives (MI-J: X = OH; MI-D: X = NO2), possess significant antitumor and cytotoxic effects on several cancer cells. In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of MI-J and MI-D on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 cells) grown in either high glucose (HG) or galactose medium (GAL) to clarify whether the effects of mesoionics on mitochondrial bioenergetics are associated with their cytotoxicity in these cells. MI-J and MI-D (5-50 μM) decreased the viability of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as assessed by MTT, LDH release and dye with crystal violet assays. Both compounds at lower (5 μM) and intermediate (25 μM) concentrations were more toxic to cells grown in GAL medium. MI-J inhibited the basal state of respiration in HepG2 cells cultured in HG and GAL media; however, in GAL medium, this effect occurred at the lowest concentration (5 μM). A leak-state stimulus was observed only after incubation with MI-J (5 μM) for GAL medium. MI-D stimulated and inhibited the leak state in cells grown in HG medium at concentrations of 5 μM and 25 μM, respectively. In cells cultured in GAL medium, respiration was strongly inhibited by MI-D at the highest concentration (25 μM). In contrast, at 5 μM, the mesoionic inhibited the basal and uncoupled states at 30% and 50%, respectively. The inhibition of the basal state by MI-J and MI-D was consistent with the increase in lactate levels in both media, which was higher for the GAL medium. Both mesoionics slightly decreased pyruvate levels only in cells cultured in GAL medium. Additionally, MI-J (25 μM) reduced the ATP amount in cells cultured in both media, while MI-D (25 μM) promoted a reduction only in cells grown in GAL medium. Our results show that MI-J and MI-D depress mitochondrial respiration and consequently change metabolism and reduce ATP levels, effects associated with their toxicity in hepatocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Aparecida Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Aurea Echevarria
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danilo Sousa-Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dos Santos Rosa A, Frauches-Santos C, Santana RC, Gomes JSC, Lima K, Echevarria A, Saraiva E, Decote-Ricardo D, Atella G, Pinto-da-Silva LH. Leishmanicidal effect of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic salts on Leishmania amazonensis in vitro. Parasitol Int 2021; 83:102342. [PMID: 33831578 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected broad clinical spectrum disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which affect millions of people annually in the world and the treatment has severe side effects and resistant strains have been reported. Mesoionic salts are a subclass of the betaine group with extensive biological activity such as microbicide and anti-inflammatory In this work, we analyze the cytotoxic effects of mesoionic salts, 4-phenyl-5-(X-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chloride (X = 4 Cl; 3,4 diCl and 3,4 diF), on Leishmania amazonensis in vitro. Initially, Mesoionic salts toxicity were evaluated by XTT assay on L. amazonensis promastigotes. Our results show that the mesoionic salts MI-3,4 diCl, MI-4 Cl and MI-3,4 diF were toxic to the promastigote parasite with IC50 values of 14.3, 40.1 and 61.8 μM, respectively. The amastigote survival was evaluated in treated infected-macrophages, and the results demonstrate that MI-4 Cl (IC50 = 33 μM) and MI-3,4 diCl (IC50 = 43 μM) have a toxic effect against these forms. None of the mesoionic compounds tested present host cell toxicity up to the tested concentration of 100 μM. The selectivity index for MI-3,4 diCl and MI-4 Cl were 3.94 and 6.97, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) production assayed by Griess reagent, in LPS-activated macrophages or not, in the presence of the salts showed that only the MI-3,4 diCl compound reduced NO levels. Lipid profile analysis of treated-promastigotes showed no alteration of neutral lipids. Evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) showed that the MI-4Cl compound was able to reduce (∆Ψm) by 50%. Therefore, our results suggest that the chlorinated compounds are promising biomolecules, which cause inhibition of L.amazonensis promastigotes, amastigotes, leading to mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Dos Santos Rosa
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Raissa Couto Santana
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Janice S C Gomes
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karoline Lima
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aurea Echevarria
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elvira Saraiva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Debora Decote-Ricardo
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Georgia Atella
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucia H Pinto-da-Silva
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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Amaral de Mascena Costa L, Harmon AC, Aguiar Coelho Teixeira A, Cássio Silva de Lima F, de Sousa Araújo S, Del Piero F, Diógenes da Silva Souza H, Filgueiras de Athayde Filho P, Alves Junior S, de Mascena Diniz Maia M, Wischral A, Adrião Gomes Filho M, Mathis JM. Cytotoxic Activity of the Mesoionic Compound MIH 2.4Bl in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 14:1178223420913330. [PMID: 32655277 PMCID: PMC7331763 DOI: 10.1177/1178223420913330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis of a new 1,3-thiazolium-5-thiolate derivative of a mesoionic compound (MIH 2.4Bl) and the characterization of its selective cytotoxicity on a panel of breast cancer cells lines. The cytotoxic effect of MIH 2.4Bl on breast cancer cell lines was determined by XTT and crystal violet assays, flow cytometry analysis, electron microscopy characterization, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis assays. As determined using XTT cell growth and survival assays, MIH 2.4Bl exhibited growth inhibition activity on most breast cancer cell lines tested, compared with normal human mammary epithelial cells. Three breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T-47D, and ZR-75-1) showed a more potent sensitivity index to growth inhibition by MIH 2.4Bl than the other breast cancer cell lines. Interestingly, these 3 cell lines were derived from tumors of Luminal A origin and have ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor), and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) positive expression. Additional analysis of cytotoxicity mediated by MIH 2.4Bl was performed using the MCF-7 cell line. MCF-7 cells displayed both time- and dose-dependent decreases in cell growth and survival, with a maximum cytotoxic effect observed at 72 and 96 hours. The MCF-7 cells were also characterized for cell cycle changes upon treatment with MIH 2.4Bl. Using flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle distribution, a treatment-dependent effect was observed; treatment of cells with MIH 2.4Bl increased the G2/M population to 34.2% compared with 0.1% in untreated (control) cells. Ultrastructural analysis of MFC-7 cells treated with MIH 2.4Bl at 2 different concentrations (37.5 and 75 μM) was performed by transmission electron microscopy. Cells treated with 37.5 μM MIH 2.4Bl showed morphologic changes beginning at 6 hours after treatment, while cells treated with 75 μM showed changes beginning at 3 hours after treatment. These changes were characterized by an alteration of nuclear morphology and mitochondrial degeneration consistent with apoptotic cell death. Results of a TUNEL assay performed on cells treated for 96 hours with MIH 2.4Bl supported the observation of apoptosis. Together, these results suggest that MIH 2.4Bl is a promising candidate for treating breast cancer and support further in vitro and in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Amaral de Mascena Costa
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Ashlyn C Harmon
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Filipe Cássio Silva de Lima
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Silvany de Sousa Araújo
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fabio Del Piero
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Severino Alves Junior
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Aurea Wischral
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - J Michael Mathis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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de Mascena Costa LA, Debnath D, Harmon AC, de Sousa Araújo S, da Silva Souza HD, de Athayde Filho PF, Wischral A, Adrião Gomes Filho M, Mathis JM. Mechanistic studies of cytotoxic activity of the mesoionic compound MIH 2.4Bl in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2291-2301. [PMID: 32782546 PMCID: PMC7399858 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of a 1,3-thiazolium-5-thiolate derivative of a mesoionic compound, MIH 2.4Bl, were assessed in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The cytotoxic effects of MIH 2.4Bl were determined using a crystal violet assay. Using a dose-response curve, the IC50 value of MIH 2.4Bl was determined to be 45.8±0.8 µM. Additionally, the effects of MIH 2.4Bl on mitochondrial respiration were characterized using oxygen consumption rate analysis. Treating MCF-7 cells with increasing concentrations of MIH 2.4Bl resulted in a significant reduction in all mitochondrial respiratory parameters compared with the control cells, indicative of an overall decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. The induction of autophagy by MIH 2.4Bl was also examined by measuring changes in the expression of protein markers of autophagy. As shown by western blot analysis, treatment of MCF-7 cells with MIH 2.4Bl resulted in increased protein expression levels of Beclin-1 and ATG5, as well as an increase in the microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B)-II to LC3B-I ratio compared with the control cells. Microarray analysis of changes in gene expression following MIH 2.4Bl treatment demonstrated 3,659 genes exhibited a fold-change ≥2. Among these genes, 779 were up-regulated, and 2,880 were down-regulated in cells treated with MIH 2.4Bl compared with the control cells. Based on the identity of the transcripts and fold-change of expression, six genes were selected for verification by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR; activating transcription factor 3, acidic repeat-containing protein, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, regulator of G-protein signaling 2, Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 and adhesion molecule with Ig like domain 2. The results of RT-qPCR analysis of RNA isolated from control and MIH 2.4Bl treated cells were consistent with the expression changes identified by microarray analysis. Together, these results suggest that MIH 2.4Bl may be a promising candidate for treating breast cancer and warrants further in vitro and in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Amaral de Mascena Costa
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil.,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Dipti Debnath
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Ashlyn C Harmon
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Silvany de Sousa Araújo
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aurea Wischral
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - J Michael Mathis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Andrade Pires ADR, Jabor Gozzi G, Rodrigues Noleto G, Echevarria A, Moretto Reis C, Merlin Rocha ME, Regina Martinez G, Correia Cadena SMS. Antioxidant effect of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic derivatives on isolated mitochondria. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 770:78-84. [PMID: 26667999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesoionic compounds have shown antitumor and citotoxic activity against different tumor cells lines, which has been attributed to their physical and chemical characteristics. Among these compounds, the 1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine derivatives have been highlighted due to their important anti-melanoma activity. In this work, the effects of three derivatives that belong this class, MI-J, MI-4F and MI-2,4diF, on the oxidative stress parameters were evaluated using rat liver mitochondria. All the derivatives prevented natural and calcium induced oxidation of pyridine nucleotides at lower concentrations (6.5 and 32.5nmol/mg protein). The calcium uptake was inhibited by all the derivatives at higher concentrations (65 and 130nmol/mg protein), whereas the cation efflux was inhibited only by the MI-J (52%) and MI-4F (50%), possibly by inhibiting the formation of the permeability transition pore (PTP) by 100% and 50%, respectively, as observed in the same experimental conditions. MI-2,4diF did not inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition or calcium efflux. The enzymatic activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase was not affected by any derivative, but superoxide dismutase was inhibited by all the derivatives. MI-J inhibited enzyme activity significantly (85%) at the highest concentration (130nmol/mg protein); on the other hand, their activity was less affected by fluorine derivatives (MI-4F-20% and MI-2,4diF-32%). These results suggest that these derivatives exert antioxidant effects on isolated mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Jabor Gozzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Aurea Echevarria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camilla Moretto Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliane Merlin Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Regina Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Gozzi GJ, Pires ADRA, Valdameri G, Rocha MEM, Martinez GR, Noleto GR, Acco A, Alves de Souza CE, Echevarria A, Moretto dos Reis C, Di Pietro A, Suter Correia Cadena SM. Selective Cytotoxicity of 1,3,4-Thiadiazolium Mesoionic Derivatives on Hepatocarcinoma Cells (HepG2). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130046. [PMID: 26083249 PMCID: PMC4470815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of mesoionic 4-phenyl-5-(2-Y, 4-X or 4-X-cinnamoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chloride derivatives (MI-J: X=OH, Y=H; MI-D: X=NO2, Y=H; MI-4F: X=F, Y=H; MI-2,4diF: X=Y=F) on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and non-tumor cells (rat hepatocytes) for comparison. MI-J, M-4F and MI-2,4diF reduced HepG2 viability by ~ 50% at 25 μM after 24-h treatment, whereas MI-D required a 50 μM concentration, as shown by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. The cytotoxicity was confirmed with lactate dehydrogenase assay, of which activity was increased by 55, 24 and 16% for MI-J, MI-4F and MI-2,4diF respectively (at 25 μM after 24 h). To identify the death pathway related to cytotoxicity, the HepG2 cells treated by mesoionic compounds were labeled with both annexin V and PI, and analyzed by flow cytometry. All compounds increased the number of doubly-stained cells at 25 μM after 24 h: by 76% for MI-J, 25% for MI-4F and MI-2,4diF, and 11% for MI-D. It was also verified that increased DNA fragmentation occurred upon MI-J, MI-4F and MI-2,4diF treatments (by 12%, 9% and 8%, respectively, at 25 μM after 24 h). These compounds were only weakly, or not at all, transported by the main multidrug transporters, P-glycoprotein, ABCG2 and MRP1, and were able to slightly inhibit their drug-transport activity. It may be concluded that 1,3,4-thiadiazolium compounds, especially the hydroxy derivative MI-J, constitute promising candidates for future investigations on in-vivo treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Jabor Gozzi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Glaucio Valdameri
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliane Merlin Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Regina Martinez
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandra Acco
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Aurea Echevarria
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Attilio Di Pietro
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, BMSSI UMR 5086 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, IBCP, Lyon, France
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Pires ADRA, Noleto GR, Echevarria A, dos Reis CM, Rocha MEM, Carnieri EGS, Martinez GR, Cadena SMSC. Interaction of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic derivatives with mitochondrial membrane and scavenging activity: Involvement of their effects on mitochondrial energy-linked functions. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 189:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pires ADRA, de Oliveira MBM, Echevarria A, Silva EF, Rocha MEM, Carnieri EGS, Martinez GR, Noleto GR, Cadena SMSC. Comparative study of the effects of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic derivatives on energy-linked functions of rat liver mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Romão S, Cadena SMSC, Amorim JC, Méndez-Sánchez SC, Echevarria A, Silva EF, Rocha MEM, Noleto GR, Carnieri EGS, Martinez GR, Oliveira MBM. Metabolism of the mesoionic compound (MI-D) by mouse liver microsome, detection of its metaboliteIn Vivo, and acute toxicity in mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2009; 23:394-405. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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The inhibition of lipoperoxidation by mesoionic compound MI-D: A relationship with its uncoupling effect and scavenging activity. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 179:125-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cavalcante KVM, Correia NDA, Dias KLG, Silva DF, Silva-Filho JC, Araújo IGA, Lira BF, Athayde-Filho P, Medeiros IA. Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Contributes to the Vasorelaxant Response Induced by Mesoionic 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1;3-thiazolium-5-thyolate (CMMTT) in Rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 110:29-35. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.fp0071581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Halila GC, de Oliveira MBM, Echevarria A, Belém AC, Rocha MEM, Carnieri EGS, Martinez GR, Noleto GR, Cadena SMSC. Effect of sydnone SYD-1, a mesoionic compound, on energy-linked functions of rat liver mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 2007; 169:160-70. [PMID: 17644080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An important antitumour effect of SYD-1 (3-[4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl]-1,2,3-oxadiazolium-5-olate) has been shown. We now report the effects of this mesoionic compound on mitochondrial metabolism. SYD-1 (1.5 micromol mg(-1) protein) dose-dependently inhibited the respiratory rate by 65% and 40% in state 3 using sodium glutamate and succinate, respectively, as substrates. Phosphorylation efficiency was depressed by SYD-1, as evidenced by stimulation of the state 4 respiratory rate, which was more accentuated with glutamate ( approximately 180%) than with succinate ( approximately 40%), with 1.5 micromol mg(-1) protein of SYD-1. As a consequence of the effects on states 3 and 4, the RCC and ADP/O ratios were lowered by SYD-1 using both substrates, although this effect was stronger with glutamate. The formation of membrane electrical potential was inhibited by approximately 50% (1.5 micromol SYD-1mg(-1) protein). SYD-1 interfered with the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane, as demonstrated by assays of mitochondrial swelling in the presence of sodium acetate and valinomycin +K(+). SYD-1 (1.5 micromol mg(-1) protein) inhibited glutamate completely and succinate energized-mitochondrial swelling by 80% in preparations containing sodium acetate. The swelling of de-energized mitochondria induced by K(+) and valinomycin was inhibited by 20% at all concentrations of SYD-1. An analysis of the segments of the respiratory chain suggested that the SYD-1 inhibition site goes beyond the complex I and includes complexes III and IV. Glutamate dehydrogenase was inhibited by 20% with SYD-1 (1.5 micromol mg(-1) protein). The hydrolytic activity of complex F(1)F(o) ATPase in intact mitochondria was greatly increased ( approximately 450%) in the presence of SYD-1. Our results show that SYD-1 depresses the efficiency of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that these effects may be involved in its antitumoural effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerusa Clazer Halila
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Moreira Britto M, Mara Grigolli Almeida T, Leitão A, Luis Donnici C, Tereza Paz Lopes M, Alberto Montanari C. Synthesis of Mesoionic 4‐(para‐substituted Phenyl‐5‐2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,3‐4‐thiadiazolium‐2‐aminides by Direct Cyclization via Acylation of Thiosemicarbazides. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910600941398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Moreira Britto
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Grigolli Almeida
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrei Leitão
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Claudio Luis Donnici
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Míriam Tereza Paz Lopes
- b Departamento de Farmacologia , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Senff-Ribeiro A, Echevarria A, Silva EF, Franco CRC, Veiga SS, Oliveira MBM. Cytotoxic effect of a new 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic compound (MI-D) on cell lines of human melanoma. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:297-304. [PMID: 15199390 PMCID: PMC2409799 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural characteristics of mesoionic compounds, which contain distinct regions of positive and negative charges associated with a poly-heteroatomic system, enable them to cross cellular membranes and interact strongly with biomolecules. Potential biological applications have been described for mesoionic compounds. 1,3,4-Thiadiazolium mesoionic compound (MI-D), a new mesoionic compound, has been demonstrated to be extremely cytotoxic to B16-F10 murine melanoma cells when compared to fotemustine and dacarbazine, drugs of reference in melanoma treatment protocols, describing inhibition of tumours grown in vitro and in vivo. We now evaluate the effects of mesoionic compound MI-D on different human melanoma cell lines. The drug decreased the viability and proliferation of MEL-85, SK-MEL, A2058 and MEWO cell lines in vitro, showing a considerable cytotoxic activity on these human cells. Adhesion of MEL-85 cells was evaluated in the presence of the drug using different extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents. MI-D decreased MEL-85 adhesion to laminin, fibronectin and matrigel. The morphology and actin cytoskeleton organisation of MEL-85 cells were also modified on MI-D treatment. These results on human melanoma cell lines indicate that MI-D is a very encouraging drug against melanoma, a tumour that is extremely resistant to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Senff-Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - A Echevarria
- Department of Chemistry, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E F Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C R C Franco
- Department of Cellular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - S S Veiga
- Department of Cellular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - M B M Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, CP 19046, Brazil. E-mail:
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Senff-Ribeiro A, Echevarria A, Silva EF, Veiga SS, Oliveira MBM. Antimelanoma activity of 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionics: a structure–activity relationship study. Anticancer Drugs 2004; 15:269-75. [PMID: 15014361 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200403000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a series of 4-phenyl-5-(2'-Y, 4'-X or 4'-X-cinnamoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chlorides was evaluated against B16-F10 murine melanoma cells in vitro and against tumors resulting from implanted B16-F10 cells in C57BL/6 mice. These compounds differ from each other only at the cinnamoyl ring substituent (MI-J, X=OH; MI-2,4diF, X=Y=F; MI-4F, X=F and MI-D, X=NO2). The results were compared with those obtained for MI-D, which has already been shown to be a potent and promising drug against melanoma. On exposure of B16-F10 cells to MI-D, MI-2,4diF and MI-4F, all of them at the same micromolar concentration (50 microM) decreased the cell viability to 8, 50 and 22%, respectively, while MI-J did not show any significant effect under the same conditions. However, low doses such as 10 microM MI-D were sufficient to impair cell growth over 72 h, but for MI-2,4diF and MI-4F the effect on B16-F10 proliferation was only observed at a concentration of 25 microM. Furthermore, MI-4F had a slightly better effect than MI-2,4diF in vitro; its effect on tumor growth in vivo was not significant. MI-D inhibited tumor growth by 77%. The greater effectiveness of MI-D compared with MI-2,4diF, MI-4F and MI-J against B16-F10 melanoma cells is probably due to its stronger electron-withdrawing group (NO2), which increases the positive charge on the mesoionic ring and allows extensive conjugation of the side-chain with the exocyclic moiety. This seems to be important for degree of anti-tumor activity of these compounds.
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Cardoso JC, Cadena SMSC, Zampronio A, Arruda AMS, Carnieri EGS, Echevarria A, Constantin J, Bracht A, Oliveira MBM. Effects of a new 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic compound, MI-D, on the acute inflammatory response. Drug Dev Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Senff-Ribeiro A, Echevarria A, Silva EF, Sanches Veiga S, Oliveira MBM. Effect of a new 1,3,4-thiadiazolium mesoionic compound (MI-D) on B16-F10 murine melanoma. Melanoma Res 2003; 13:465-71. [PMID: 14512788 DOI: 10.1097/00008390-200310000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The structural characteristics of mesoionic compounds, which contain distinct regions of positive and negative charges associated with a poly-heteroatomic system, enable them to cross cellular membranes and interact strongly with biomolecules. Potential biological applications have been described for mesoionic compounds. In this study we evaluated the antitumour activity of 4-phenyl-5-(4-nitrocinnamoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-phenylamine chloride (MI-D), a new mesoionic compound, against the mouse melanoma B16-F10 cell line. In vitro assays showed that MI-D interferes with both cell viability and proliferation. MI-D was cytotoxic to B16-F10 cells; cell viability, which was determined at various time intervals (1-72 h) and in the presence of different concentrations of the drug (2.5-75 micro M), was reduced by approximately 80% following 24 h exposure at 25 micro M. The proliferation rate evaluated over 72 h using varying subcytotoxic and cytotoxic concentrations (2.5-25 micro M) decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The in vivo antitumour activity of the drug was evaluated using a subcutaneous B16-F10 melanoma tumour in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were given MI-D intraperitoneally at a single dose of 57 micro mol/kg, 24 h after cell inoculation. Positive controls were treated with fotemustine and dacarbazine, which have known effects on melanoma cells. On day 17, tumours were excised and their weights were determined. MI-D inhibited tumour growth by 85%. This is a very encouraging result with regard to the possibility of MI-D becoming a new tool for melanoma research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Senff-Ribeiro
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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