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Xu Z, Zhang X, Pal C, Rozners E, Callahan BP. Enzyme Fragment Complementation Driven by Nucleic Acid Hybridization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.19.572427. [PMID: 38187717 PMCID: PMC10769296 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.19.572427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
A modified protein fragment complementation assay has been designed and validated as a gain-of-signal biosensor for nucleic acid:nucleic acid interactions. The assay uses fragments of NanoBiT, the split luciferase reporter enzyme, that are esterified at their C-termini to steramers, sterol-modified oligodeoxynucleotides. The Drosophila hedgehog autoprocessing domain, DHhC, served as a self-cleaving catalyst for these bioconjugations. In the presence of ssDNA or RNA with segments complementary to the steramers and adjacent to one another, the two NanoBiT fragments productively associate, reconstituting NanoBiT enzyme activity. NanoBiT luminescence in samples containing nM ssDNA or RNA template exceeded background by 30-fold and as high as 120-fold depending on assay conditions. A unique feature of this detection system is the absence of a self-labeling domain in the NanoBiT bioconjugates. Eliminating that extraneous bulk broadens the detection range from short oligos to full-length mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, 4400 Vestal Parkway East Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, 4400 Vestal Parkway East Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA
| | - Chandan Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, 4400 Vestal Parkway East Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA
| | - Eriks Rozners
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, 4400 Vestal Parkway East Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA
| | - Brian P. Callahan
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, 4400 Vestal Parkway East Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA
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2
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Snider DM, Pandit S, Coffin ML, Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D. DNA-Mediated Control of Protein Function in Semi-Synthetic Systems. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200464. [PMID: 36058885 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of strategies for controlling protein function in a precise and predictable manner has the potential to revolutionize catalysis, diagnostics, and medicine. In this regard, the use of DNA has emerged as a powerful approach for modulating protein activity. The programmable nature of DNA allows for constructing sophisticated architectures wherein proteins can be placed with control over position, orientation, and stoichiometry. This ability is especially useful considering that the properties of proteins can be influenced by their local environment or their proximity to other functional molecules. Here, we chronicle the different strategies that have been developed to interface DNA with proteins in semi-synthetic systems. We further delineate the unique applications unlocked by the unprecedented level of structural control that DNA affords. We end by outlining outstanding challenges in the area and discuss future research directions towards potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan M Snider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Subrata Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mackenzie L Coffin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sasha B Ebrahimi
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, GlaxoSmithKline 1250 S Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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3
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Watson EE, Winssinger N. Synthesis of Protein-Oligonucleotide Conjugates. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101523. [PMID: 36291732 PMCID: PMC9599799 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids and proteins form two of the key classes of functional biomolecules. Through the ability to access specific protein-oligonucleotide conjugates, a broader range of functional molecules becomes accessible which leverages both the programmability and recognition potential of nucleic acids and the structural, chemical and functional diversity of proteins. Herein, we summarize the available conjugation strategies to access such chimeric molecules and highlight some key case study examples within the field to showcase the power and utility of such technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Watson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Correspondence: (E.E.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chemical Biology, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (E.E.W.); (N.W.)
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4
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Sekhon H, Ha JH, Loh SN. Engineering protein and DNA tools for creating DNA-dependent protein switches. Methods Enzymol 2022; 675:1-32. [PMID: 36220266 PMCID: PMC10314797 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Switchable proteins are capable of changing conformations from inactive (OFF) to active (ON) forms in response to inputs such as ligand binding, pH or temperature change, or light absorption. A particularly powerful class of protein switches, exemplified by the Cas nucleases of CRISPR systems, are activated by binding of specific DNA or RNA sequences. The mechanism by which oligonucleotide binding regulates biological activity is complex and highly specialized in the case of Cas enzymes, but recent advancements in protein and DNA engineering have made it possible to introduce this mode of control into other enzymes. This chapter highlights recent examples of protein switches that combine these two fields of engineering for the purpose of creating biosensors that detect pathogen and other genomic sequences. One protein engineering method-alternate frame folding-has the potential to convert many proteins into ligand-activated switches by inserting a binding protein (input domain) into an enzyme (output domain). The steps for doing so are illustrated using GCN4 as a DNA recognition domain and nanoluciferase as a luminescent reporter that changes color as a result of DNA binding. DNA engineering protocols are included for creating DNA tools (de novo designed hairpins and modified aptamers), that enable the biosensor to be activated by arbitrary DNA/RNA sequences and small molecules/proteins, respectively. These methodologies can be applied to other proteins to gain control of their functions by DNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsimranjit Sekhon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jeung-Hoi Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Stewart N Loh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
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5
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Watson EE, Angerani S, Sabale PM, Winssinger N. Biosupramolecular Systems: Integrating Cues into Responses. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4467-4482. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Watson
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chem Biol, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Angerani
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chem Biol, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pramod M. Sabale
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chem Biol, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chem Biol, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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6
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Chang D, Kim KT, Lindberg E, Winssinger N. Smartphone DNA or RNA Sensing Using Semisynthetic Luciferase-Based Logic Device. ACS Sens 2020; 5:807-813. [PMID: 32124606 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Detection of specific oligonucleotide sequences is central to numerous applications, and technologies amenable to point-of-care diagnostics or end users are needed. Here, we report a technology making use of a bioluminescent readout and smartphone quantification. The sensor is a semisynthetic luciferase (H-Luc-PNA conjugate) that is turned on by a strand-displacement reaction. We demonstrated sensing of three different microRNAs (miRs), as representative cancer biomarkers, and demonstrate the possibility to integrate an AND gate to sense two sequences simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalu Chang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ki Tae Kim
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Lindberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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7
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Rosier BJHM, Markvoort AJ, Gumí Audenis B, Roodhuizen JAL, den Hamer A, Brunsveld L, de Greef TFA. Proximity-induced caspase-9 activation on a DNA origami-based synthetic apoptosome. Nat Catal 2020; 3:295-306. [PMID: 32190819 PMCID: PMC7080557 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Living cells regulate key cellular processes by spatial organisation of catalytically active proteins in higher-order signalling complexes. These act as organising centres to facilitate proximity-induced activation and inhibition of multiple intrinsically weakly associating signalling components, which makes elucidation of the underlying protein-protein interactions challenging. Here we show that DNA origami nanostructures provide a programmable molecular platform for the systematic analysis of signalling proteins by engineering a synthetic DNA origami-based version of the apoptosome, a multi-protein complex that regulates apoptosis by co-localizing multiple caspase-9 monomers. Tethering of both wildtype and inactive caspase-9 variants to a DNA origami platform demonstrates that enzymatic activity is induced by proximity-driven dimerization with half-of-sites reactivity, and additionally, reveals a multivalent activity enhancement in oligomers of three and four enzymes. Our results offer fundamental insights in caspase-9 activity regulation and demonstrate that DNA origami-based protein assembly platforms have the potential to inform the function of other multi-enzyme complexes involved in inflammation, innate immunity and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas J H M Rosier
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Markvoort
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Berta Gumí Audenis
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Self-Organising Soft Matter and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Job A L Roodhuizen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Anniek den Hamer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Tom F A de Greef
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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9
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Engelen W, van de Wiel KM, Meijer LHH, Saha B, Merkx M. Nucleic acid detection using BRET-beacons based on bioluminescent protein-DNA hybrids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2862-2865. [PMID: 28217801 PMCID: PMC5436041 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10032e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescent molecular beacons have been developed using a modular design approach that relies on BRET between the bright luciferase NanoLuc and a Cy3 acceptor.
Bioluminescent molecular beacons have been developed using a modular design approach that relies on BRET between the bright luciferase NanoLuc and a Cy3 acceptor. While classical molecular beacons are hampered by background fluorescence and scattering, these BRET-beacons allow detection of low pM concentrations of nucleic acids directly in complex media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Engelen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Kayleigh M van de Wiel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Lenny H H Meijer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Bedabrata Saha
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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10
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DNA-Specific Biosensors Based on Intramolecular β-Lactamase-Inhibitor Complex Formation. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1596:179-194. [PMID: 28293888 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6940-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic protein switches that sequence-specifically respond to oligonucleotide-based input triggers provide valuable tools for the readout of oligonucleotide-based biomolecular systems and networks. Here, we discuss a highly modular approach to reversibly control the DNA-directed assembly and disassembly of a complex between TEM1-β-lactamase and its inhibitor protein BLIP. By conjugating each protein to a unique handle oligonucleotide, the enzyme-inhibitor pair is noncovalently assembled upon the addition of a complementary ssDNA template strand, resulting in inhibition of enzyme activity. Hybridization of an input-oligonucleotide that is complementary to a target recognition sequence in the ssDNA template strand results in the formation of a rigid dsDNA helix that mechanically disrupts the enzyme-inhibitor complex, hereby restoring enzyme activity. Following this noncovalent approach allowed straightforward tuning of the ssDNA template recognition sequence and target oligonucleotide lengths with only a single set of oligonucleotide-functionalized enzyme and inhibitor domains. Using a fluorescent substrate, as little as 10 pM target oligonucleotide resulted in a distinguishable increase in enzyme activity.
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11
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Control of enzyme reactions by a reconfigurable DNA nanovault. Nat Commun 2017; 8:992. [PMID: 29051565 PMCID: PMC5648847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological systems use compartmentalisation as a general strategy to control enzymatic reactions by precisely regulating enzyme–substrate interactions. With the advent of DNA nanotechnology, it has become possible to rationally design DNA-based nano-containers with programmable structural and dynamic properties. These DNA nanostructures have been used to cage enzymes, but control over enzyme–substrate interactions using a dynamic DNA nanostructure has not been achieved yet. Here we introduce a DNA origami device that functions as a nanoscale vault: an enzyme is loaded in an isolated cavity and the access to free substrate molecules is controlled by a multi-lock mechanism. The DNA vault is characterised for features such as reversible opening/closing, cargo loading and wall porosity, and is shown to control the enzymatic reaction catalysed by an encapsulated protease. The DNA vault represents a general concept to control enzyme–substrate interactions by inducing conformational changes in a rationally designed DNA nanodevice. DNA nanostructures can cage enzymes but currently fall short of controlling their reactions with substrates. Here, the authors enclose an enzyme inside a dynamic DNA vault, which regulates its access to substrate molecules—and thus its enzymatic activity—through a multi-lock mechanism.
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12
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Engelen W, Janssen BMG, Merkx M. DNA-based control of protein activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3598-610. [PMID: 26812623 PMCID: PMC4767025 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09853j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA has emerged as a highly versatile construction material for nanometer-sized structures and sophisticated molecular machines and circuits. The successful application of nucleic acid based systems greatly relies on their ability to autonomously sense and act on their environment. In this feature article, the development of DNA-based strategies to dynamically control protein activity via oligonucleotide triggers is discussed. Depending on the desired application, protein activity can be controlled by directly conjugating them to an oligonucleotide handle, or expressing them as a fusion protein with DNA binding motifs. To control proteins without modifying them chemically or genetically, multivalent ligands and aptamers that reversibly inhibit their function provide valuable tools to regulate proteins in a noncovalent manner. The goal of this feature article is to give an overview of strategies developed to control protein activity via oligonucleotide-based triggers, as well as hurdles yet to be taken to obtain fully autonomous systems that interrogate, process and act on their environments by means of DNA-based protein control.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Engelen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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13
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Janssen BMG, Engelen W, Merkx M. DNA-directed control of enzyme-inhibitor complex formation: a modular approach to reversibly switch enzyme activity. ACS Synth Biol 2015; 4:547-53. [PMID: 25216042 DOI: 10.1021/sb500278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA-templated reversible assembly of an enzyme-inhibitor complex is presented as a new and highly modular approach to control enzyme activity. TEM1-β-lactamase and its inhibitor protein BLIP were conjugated to different oligonucleotides, resulting in enzyme inhibition in the presence of template strand. Formation of a rigid dsDNA linker upon addition of a complementary target strand disrupts the enzyme-inhibitor complex and results in the restoration of enzyme activity, enabling detection of as little as 2 fmol DNA. The noncovalent assembly of the complex allows easy tuning of target and template strands without changing the oligonucleotide-functionalized enzyme and inhibitor domains. Using a panel of eight different template sequences, restoration of enzyme activity was only observed in the presence of the target viral DNA sequence. The use of stable, well-characterized protein domains and the intrinsic modularity of our system should allow easy integration with DNA/RNA-based logic circuits for applications in biomedicine and molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. G. Janssen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology
and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Engelen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology
and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology
and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven, University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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14
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Loakes D. Nucleotides and nucleic acids; oligo- and polynucleotides. ORGANOPHOSPHORUS CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734875-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Loakes
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road Cambridge CB2 2QH UK
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15
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Erkelenz M, Kuo CH, Niemeyer CM. DNA-mediated assembly of cytochrome P450 BM3 subdomains. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16111-8. [PMID: 21919448 DOI: 10.1021/ja204993s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 BM3 is a versatile enzyme, which holds great promise for applications in biocatalysis and biomedicine. We here report on the generation of a hybrid DNA-protein device based on the two subdomains of BM3, the reductase domain BMR and the porphyrin domain BMP. Both subdomains were fused genetically to the HaloTag protein, a self-labeling enzyme, allowing for the bioconjugation with chloroalkane-modified oligonucleotides. The subdomain-DNA-chimeras could be reassembled by complementary oligonucleotides, thus leading to reconstitution of the monooxygenase activity of BM3 holoenzyme, as demonstrated by conversion of the reporter substrate 12-pNCA. Arrangement of the two chimeras on a switchable DNA scaffold allowed one to control the distance between both subdomains, as indicated by the DNA-dependent activity of the holoenzyme. Furthermore, a switchable chimeric device was constructed, in which monooxygenase activity could be turned off by DNA strand displacement. This study demonstrates that P450 BM3 engineering and strategies of DNA nanotechnology can be merged to open up novel ways for the development of novel screening systems or responsive catalysts with potential applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Erkelenz
- TU Dortmund, Fakultät Chemie, Biologisch-Chemische Mikrostrukturtechnik, Otto-Hahn Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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16
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Saccà B, Niemeyer CM. Functionalization of DNA nanostructures with proteins. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:5910-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15212b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Diezmann F, Seitz O. DNA-guided display of proteins and protein ligands for the interrogation of biology. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:5789-801. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15054e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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