1
|
Distinct Mechanistic Behaviour of Tomato CYP74C3 and Maize CYP74A19 Allene Oxide Synthases: Insights from Trapping Experiments and Allene Oxide Isolation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032230. [PMID: 36768554 PMCID: PMC9916873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The product specificity and mechanistic peculiarities of two allene oxide synthases, tomato LeAOS3 (CYP74C3) and maize ZmAOS (CYP74A19), were studied. Enzymes were vortexed with linoleic acid 9-hydroperoxide in a hexane-water biphasic system (20-60 s, 0 °C). Synthesized allene oxide (9,10-epoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid; 9,10-EOD) was trapped with ethanol. Incubations with ZmAOS produced predominantly 9,10-EOD, which was converted into an ethanolysis product, (12Z)-9-ethoxy-10-oxo-12-octadecenoic acid. LeAOS3 produced the same trapping product and 9(R)-α-ketol at nearly equimolar yields. Thus, both α-ketol and 9,10-EOD appeared to be kinetically controlled LeAOS3 products. NMR data for 9,10-EOD (Me) preparations revealed that ZmAOS specifically synthesized 10(E)-9,10-EOD, whereas LeAOS3 produced a roughly 4:1 mixture of 10(E) and 10(Z) isomers. The cyclopentenone cis-10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-oxo-PEA) and the Favorskii-type product yields were appreciable with LeAOS3, but dramatically lower with ZmAOS. The 9,10-EOD (free acid) kept in hexane transformed into macrolactones but did not cyclize. LeAOS3 catalysis is supposed to produce a higher proportion of oxyallyl diradical (a valence tautomer of allene oxide), which is a direct precursor of both cyclopentenone and cyclopropanone. This may explain the substantial yields of cis-10-oxo-PEA and the Favorskii-type product (via cyclopropanone) with LeAOS3. Furthermore, 10(Z)-9,10-EOD may be produced via the reverse formation of allene oxide from oxyallyl diradical.
Collapse
|
2
|
Villar P, Grechkin AN, González-Pérez AB, de Lera ÁR. On the rearrangements of biologically-relevant vinyl allene oxides to cis-cyclopentenones, ketols, and Favorskii-type carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9460-9469. [PMID: 34693419 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01847g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In addition to stereodefined cis-cyclopentenones, the rearrangement of naturally-occurring vinyl allene oxides can provide ketols, cyclopropylcarbinols, and Favorskii-type bis-(Z)-but-2-en-1-yl acetic acids. These processes have been studied by DFT computations using (Z)-but-1-en-1-yl allene oxides as model systems. Prior studies on the stepwise cascade process starting from (Z)-but-1-en-1-yl allene oxides established as key steps the ring opening of the oxirane to give oxidopentadienyl biradicals, and their isomerization through formation of alkenylcyclopropanone intermediates prior to the conrotatory electrocyclic ring closure to cis-configured cyclopentenones. Under neutral or under acidic conditions, the corresponding ketols and cyclopropylcarbinols have been computationally characterized as resulting from SN2, SN1 and SN1'-type processes, showing that the rearrangement of vinyl allene oxides is pH-dependent. Moreover, stereoconvergent base-induced Favorskii-type rearrangements to provide bis-(Z)-but-1-en-1-yl substituted acetic acids have also been justified. Since the model system captures the structural features of the vinyl allene oxides of biological relevance, our computations provide the most comprehensive overview of the complex reactivity of these natural species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Villar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Adán B González-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Ángel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Toporkova YY, Smirnova EO, Mukhtarova LS, Gorina SS, Grechkin AN. Catalysis by allene oxide synthases (CYP74A and CYP74C): Alterations by the Phe/Leu mutation at the SRS-1 region. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 169:112152. [PMID: 31606607 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The CYP74 family of cytochromes P450 includes four fatty acid hydroperoxide metabolizing enzymes: allene oxide synthase (AOS), hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), divinyl ether synthase, and epoxyalcohol synthase (EAS). All P450s have six substrate recognition sites (SRSs) in their structures. Some CYP74 mutations in SRSs leading to their interconversions including substitutions in "F/L toggle" (SRS-1 region) were reported before. For further elucidation of the role of this site in CYP74 catalysis, the effect of Phe/Leu mutation on the specificity of selected AOSs was studied in the present work. Mutant forms of ZmAOS1 (CYP74A19, Zea mays), LeAOS3 (CYP74C3, Lycopersicon esculentum), and PpAOS2 (CYP74A8, Physcomitrella patens) acquired partial EAS activity. Mutant forms of ZmAOS1 and PpAOS2 possessed additional HPL activities. The results validate the significance of the "F/L toggle" as a catalytic determinant of CYP74s, as well as the importance of the conserved Phe at this site for the AOS catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Y Toporkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
| | - Elena O Smirnova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Lucia S Mukhtarova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Gorina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grechkin AN, Ogorodnikova AV, Egorova AM, Mukhitova FK, Ilyina TM, Khairutdinov BI. Allene Oxide Synthase Pathway in Cereal Roots: Detection of Novel Oxylipin Graminoxins. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:336-343. [PMID: 29744285 PMCID: PMC5931542 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Young roots of wheat, barley, and sorghum, as well as methyl jasmonate pretreated rice seedlings, undergo an unprecedented allene oxide synthase pathway targeted to previously unknown oxylipins 1–3. These Favorskii‐type products, (4Z)‐2‐pentyl‐4‐tridecene‐1,13‐dioic acid (1), (2′Z)‐2‐(2′‐octenyl)‐decane‐1,10‐dioic acid (2), and (2′Z,5′Z)‐2‐(2′,5′‐octadienyl)‐decane‐1,10‐dioic acid (3), have a carboxy function at the side chain, as revealed by their MS and NMR spectral data. Compounds 1–3 were the major oxylipins detected, along with the related α‐ketols. Products 1–3 were biosynthesized from (9Z,11E,13S)‐13‐hydroperoxy‐9,11‐octadecadienoic acid, (9S,10E,12Z)‐9‐hydroperoxy‐10,12‐octadecadienoic acid (9‐HPOD), and (9S,10E,12Z,15Z)‐9‐hydroperoxy‐10,12,15‐octadecatrienoic acid, respectively, via the corresponding allene oxides and cyclopropanones. The data indicate that conversion of the allene oxide into the cyclopropanone is controlled by soluble cyclase. The short‐lived cyclopropanones are hydrolyzed to products 1–3. The collective name “graminoxins” has been ascribed to oxylipins 1–3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Anna V Ogorodnikova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Alevtina M Egorova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Fakhima K Mukhitova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Tatiana M Ilyina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| | - Bulat I Khairutdinov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Kazan Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30 Kazan 420111 Russia), Tel: +7-843-292-75-35
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hebert SP, Cha JK, Brash AR, Schlegel HB. Investigation into 9(S)-HPODE-derived allene oxide to cyclopentenone cyclization mechanism via diradical oxyallyl intermediates. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3544-57. [PMID: 26976802 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00204h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cyclopentane core is ubiquitous among a large number of biologically relevant natural products. Cyclopentenones have been shown to be versatile intermediates for the stereoselective preparation of highly substituted cyclopentane derivatives. Allene oxides are oxygenated fatty acids which are involved in the pathways of cyclopentenone biosynthesis in plants and marine invertebrates; however, their cyclization behavior is not well understood. Recent work by Brash and co-workers (J. Biol. Chem., 2013, 288, 20797) revealed an unusual cyclization property of the 9(S)-HPODE-derived allene oxides: the previously unreported 10Z-isomer cyclizes to a cis-dialkylcyclopentenone in hexane/isopropyl alcohol (100 : 3, v/v), but the known 10E-isomer does not yield cis-cyclopentenone under the same conditions. The mechanism for cyclization has been investigated for unsubstituted and methyl substituted vinyl allene oxide using a variety of methods including CASSCF, ωB97xD, and CCSD(T) and basis sets up to cc-pVTZ. The lowest energy pathway proceeds via homolytic cleavage of the epoxide ring, formation of an oxyallyl diradical, which closes readily to a cyclopropanone intermediate. The cyclopropanone opens to the requisite oxyallyl which closes to the experimentally observed product, cis-cyclopentenone. The calculations show that the open shell, diradical pathway is lower in energy than the closed shell reactions of allene oxide to cyclopropanone, and cyclopropanone to cyclopentenone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien P Hebert
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
González-Pérez AB, Grechkin A, de Lera ÁR. A unifying mechanism for the rearrangement of vinyl allene oxide geometric isomers to cyclopentenones. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7694-701. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00562g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Z-Vinyl allene oxides are predicted to rearrange with high fidelity to stereodefined cyclopentenones through intermediate cyclopropanones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adán B. González-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Alexander Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ángel R. de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultade de Química
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mukhtarova LS, Mukhitova FK, Grechkin AN. Thermal conversions of fatty acid peroxides to cyclopentenones: a biomimetic model for allene oxide synthase pathway. Chem Phys Lipids 2013; 175-176:92-8. [PMID: 23999011 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The trimethylsilyl (TMS) peroxides of linoleic acid 9(S)-hydroperoxide (TMS or Me esters) were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. The cyclopentenones, trans- and cis-10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-oxo-PEA, Me or TMS esters) were first time detected as the products of TMS-peroxide thermal conversions. The major products were ketodienes, epoxyalcohols, hemiacetals and decadienals. For further study of thermal cyclopentenone formation, 9(S)- or 13(S)-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid (Me esters) were sealed in ampoules and heated at 230 °C for 15 or 30 min. The products were separated by HPLC. The cyclopentenone fractions were collected and analyzed by GC-MS. Trans-10-oxo-PEA (Me) and 10-oxo-9(13)-PEA (Me) were formed during the thermal conversion of 9-hydroperoxide (Me ester). Similarly, the cyclopentenones trans-12-oxo-PEA (Me) and 12-oxo-9(13)-PEA (Me) were detected after the heating of 13-hydroperoxide (Me ester). Thermal formation of cyclopentenones can be considered as a biomimetic model of AOS pathway, providing new insights into the mechanisms of allene oxide formation and cyclization.
Collapse
Key Words
- (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid
- (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid
- (9Z,11E,13S,15Z)-12,13-epoxy-9,11,15-octadecatrienoic acid
- (9Z,11E,13S,15Z)-13-hydro(pero)xy-9,11,15-octadecatrienoic acid
- 10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acids
- 10-oxo-PEA
- 12,13-EOT
- 12-oxo-10,15-phytodienoic acid
- 12-oxo-10-phytoenoic acid
- 12-oxo-PDA
- 12-oxo-PEA
- 13(S)-HPOD
- 13-H(P)OT
- 9(S)-HPOD
- AOS
- Allene oxide
- Cyclization
- Cyclopentenones
- Fatty acid hydroperoxides
- GC–MS
- HPLC
- NP-HPLC
- RP-HPLC
- SIC
- TIC
- TMS
- Thermal reactions
- Trimethylsilyl peroxides
- allene oxide synthase
- gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
- high performance liquid chromatography
- normal phase HPLC
- reversed phase HPLC
- selected ion current
- total ion current
- trimethylsilyl
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia S Mukhtarova
- Kazan institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|