1
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Wu JF, Wei XP, Li JY, Sun WX. Recombinant Expression and Characterization of an Arginine Deiminase from Pseudomonas sp. LJY. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822060163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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2
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Wang W, Li M, Miao M, Zhang T. Characterization of a recombinant arginine deiminase from
Halothermothrix orenii
and its application in citrulline production. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:526-536. [PMID: 35761421 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, arginine deiminase (ADI, EC 3.5.3.6) has attracted much attention as a biocatalyst that produces the functional amino acid l-citrulline from l-arginine and also as an anticancer enzyme. Here, we identified and characterized a putative ADI from the thermophilic bacterium Halothermothrix orenii. The H. orenii ADI (H-ADI) protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) with a specific activity of 91.8 U/mg protein at 55°C and pH 6.5. The enzyme remained at 74% relative activity after incubation at 45°C for 180 min, only 25% at 50°C. The melting temperature was 56°C. H-ADI is not a metal-requiring enzyme; Ni2+ slightly improved the catalytic activity. The Km and Vmax for l-arginine were 55.5 mM and 156.8 μmol/min/mg protein, respectively. Moreover, three residues (Arg183, Arg237, and His273) were key to the formation of l-citrulline, as analyzed by alanine-scanning mutagenesis. Finally, the enzymatic synthesis of l-citrulline was carried out at 50°C with a conversion ratio reaching 99.03%. Together, these findings show that H-ADI is a promising biocatalyst for the production of l-citrulline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Mengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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3
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Liu Y, Bastiaan-Net S, Zhang Y, Hoppenbrouwers T, Xie Y, Wang Y, Wei X, Du G, Zhang H, Imam KMSU, Wichers H, Li Z. Linking the thermostability of FIP-nha (Nectria haematococca) to its structural properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:555-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Microbial arginine deiminase: A multifaceted green catalyst in biomedical sciences. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 196:151-162. [PMID: 34920062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arginine deiminase is a well-recognized guanidino-modifying hydrolase that catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to citrulline and ammonia. Their biopotential to regress tumors via amino acid deprivation therapy (AADT) has been well established. PEGylated formulation of recombinant Mycoplasma ADI is in the last-phase clinical trials against various arginine-auxotrophic cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, and mesothelioma. Recently, ADIs have attained immense importance in several other biomedical applications, namely treatment of Alzheimer's, as an antiviral drug, bioproduction of nutraceutical L-citrulline and bio-analytics involving L-arginine detection. Considering the wide applications of this biodrug, the demand for ADI is expected to escalate several-fold in the coming years. However, the sustainable production aspects of the enzyme with improved pharmacokinetics is still limited, creating bottlenecks for effective biopharmaceutical development. To circumvent the lacunae in enzyme production with appropriate paradigms of 'quality-by-design' an explicit overview of its properties with 'biobetter' formulations strategies are required. Present review provides an insight into all the potential biomedical applications of ADI along with the improvements required for its reach to clinics. Recent research advances with special emphasis on the development of ADI as a 'biobetter' enzyme have also been comprehensively elaborated.
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5
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Fluorescence-based high-throughput screening system for R-ω-transaminase engineering and its substrate scope extension. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2999-3009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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6
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Cheng F, Yang J, Schwaneberg U, Zhu L. Rational surface engineering of an arginine deiminase (an antitumor enzyme) for increased PEGylation efficiency. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2156-2166. [PMID: 31062871 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arginine deiminase (ADI) is a therapeutic protein for cancer therapy of arginine-auxotrophic tumors. However, its application as anticancer drug is hampered by its poor stability under physiological conditions in the bloodstream. Commonly, random PEGylation is being used for increasing the stability of ADI and in turn the improved half-life. However, the traditional random PEGylation usually leads to poor PEGylation efficiency due to the limited number of Lys on the protein surface. To boost the PEGylation efficiency and enhance the stability of ADI further, surface engineering of PpADI (an ADI from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida) to increase the suitable PEGylation sites was carried out. A new in silico approach for increasing the PEGylation sites was developed. The validation of this approach was performed on previously identified PpADI variant M31 to increase potential PEGylation sites. Four Arg residues on the surface of PpADI M31 were selected through three criteria and subsequently substituted to Lys, aiming for providing primary amines for PEGylation. Two out of the four substitutions (R299K and R382K) enhanced the stability of PEGylated PpADI in human serum. The average numbers of PEGylation sites were increased from ~12 (tetrameric PpADI M31, starting point) to ~20 (tetrameric PpADI M36, final variant). Importantly, the PEGylated PpADI M36 after PEGylation exhibited significantly improved Tm values (M31: 40°C; M36: 40°C; polyethylene glycol [PEG]-M31: 54°C; PEG-M36: 64°C) and half-life in human serum (M31: 1.9 days; M36: 2.0 days; PEG-M31: 3.2 days; PEG-M36: 4.8 days). These proved that surface engineering is an effective approach to increase the PEGylation efficiency which therefore enhances the stability of therapeutic enzymes. Furthermore, the PEGylated PpADI M36 represents a highly attractive candidate for the treatment of arginine-auxotrophic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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7
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Zou Z, Alibiglou H, Mate DM, Davari MD, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U. Directed sortase A evolution for efficient site-specific bioconjugations in organic co-solvents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11467-11470. [PMID: 30255876 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06017g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Directed sortase A evolution yielded the variants R159G and D165Q/D186G/K196V with increased resistance (2.2-fold) and catalytic efficiency (6.3-fold) in 45% (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide. Interestingly, D165Q/D186G/K196V also showed an up to 4.7-fold increased activity for the conjugation of hydrophobic peptides/amines in co-solvents. MD simulations revealed that conformational mobilities are important for the gained resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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8
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Cai X, Jiang H, Zhang T, Jiang B, Mu W, Miao M. Thermostability and Specific-Activity Enhancement of an Arginine Deiminase from Enterococcus faecalis SK23.001 via Semirational Design for l-Citrulline Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8841-8850. [PMID: 30047723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
l-Citrulline is a nonessential amino acid with a variety of physiological functions and can be enzymatically produced by arginine deiminase (ADI, EC 3.5.3.6). The enzymatic-production approach is of immense interest because of its mild conditions, high yield, low cost, and environmental benignity. However, the major hindrances of l-citrulline industrialization are the poor thermostability and enzyme activity of ADI. Hence, in this work, directed evolution and site-directed mutagenesis aided with in silico screening, including the use of b-factor values and HoTMuSiC, were applied to a previously identified ADI from Enterococcus faecalis SK23.001 ( EfADI), and a triple-site variant R15K-F269Y-G292P was obtained. The triple-site variant displays a 2.5-fold higher specific enzyme activity (333 U mg-1), a lower Km value of 6.4 mM, and a 6.1-fold longer half-life ( t1/2,45°C = 86.7 min) than wild-type EfADI. This work provides a protein-engineering strategy to improve enzyme activity and thermostability, which might be transferrable to other ADIs and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Hangyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
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9
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Cheng F, Yang J, Bocola M, Schwaneberg U, Zhu L. Loop engineering reveals the importance of active-site-decorating loops and gating residue in substrate affinity modulation of arginine deiminase (an anti-tumor enzyme). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:233-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Zou Z, Mate DM, Rübsam K, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U. Sortase-Mediated High-Throughput Screening Platform for Directed Enzyme Evolution. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2018; 20:203-211. [PMID: 29363945 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.7b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sortase-catalyzed ligations have emerged as powerful tools for the site-specific ligation of peptides and proteins in material science and biocatalysis. In this work, a directed sortase evolution strategy (SortEvolve) has been developed as a general high-throughput screening (HTS) platform to improve activity of sortase A (application 1) and to perform directed laccase evolution through a semipurification process in 96-well microtiter plate (MTP) (application 2). A semipurification process in polypropylene MTP (PP-MTP) is achieved through the anchor peptide LCI, which acts as adhesion promoter. To validate the SortEvolve screening platform for both applications, three site-saturation mutagenesis (SSM) libraries of sortase A (Sa-SrtA) from Staphylococcus aureus (application 1) and two SSM libraries of the copper efflux oxidase (CueO laccase) from Escherichia coli (application 2) were generated at literature reported positions. After screening and rescreening, an array of Sa-SrtA variants (including the previously reported P94S, D160N, and D165A) and CueO variants (including the previously reported D439A and P444A) were identified. Further recombinant Sa-SrtA variant P94T/D160L/D165Q and CueO variant D439V/P444V were characterized with 22-fold and 103-fold improvements in catalytic efficiency compared with corresponding wild-types, respectively. An important advantage of the SortEvolve screening platform in comparison to many MTP-based screening systems is that the background noise was minimized (decreased 20-fold; application 2) due to the employed semipurification process. In essence, SortEvolve provides a universal surface-functionalized screening platform for sortases and enzymes in which especially background activity can be minimized to enable successful directed evolution campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Diana M. Mate
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Rübsam
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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11
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Cheng F, Tang XL, Kardashliev T. Transcription Factor-Based Biosensors in High-Throughput Screening: Advances and Applications. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700648. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Tsvetan Kardashliev
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich; Mattenstrasse 26 4058 Basel Switzerland
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12
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Kou F, Zhao J, Liu J, Sun C, Guo Y, Tan Z, Cheng F, Li Z, Zheng P, Sun J. Enhancement of the thermal and alkaline pH stability of Escherichia coli lysine decarboxylase for efficient cadaverine production. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:719-727. [PMID: 29349625 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To enhance the thermal and alkaline pH stability of the lysine decarboxylase from Escherichia coli (CadA) by engineering the decameric interface and explore its potential for industrial applications. RESULTS The mutant T88S was designed for improved structural stability by computational analysis. The optimal pH and temperature of T88S were 7.0 and 55 °C (5.5 and 50 °C for wild-type). T88S showed higher thermostability with a 2.9-fold increase in the half-life at 70 °C (from 11 to 32 min) and increased melting temperature (from 76 to 78 °C). Additionally, the specific activity and pH stability (residual activity after 10 h incubation) of T88S at pH 8.0 were increased to 164 U/mg and 78% (58 U/mg and 57% for wild-type). The productivity of cadaverine with T88S (284 g L-lysine L-1 and 5 g DCW L-1) was 40 g L-1 h-1, in contrast to 28 g L-1 h-1 with wild-type. CONCLUSION The mutant T88S showed high thermostability, pH stability, and activity at alkaline pH, indicating that this mutant is a promising biocatalyst for industrial production of cadaverine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Kou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Cunmin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yanmei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zijian Tan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Jibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
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13
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Hong EY, Lee SG, Park BJ, Lee JM, Yun H, Kim BG. Simultaneously Enhancing the Stability and Catalytic Activity of Multimeric Lysine Decarboxylase CadA by Engineering Interface Regions for Enzymatic Production of Cadaverine at High Concentration of Lysine. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Hong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Sun-Gu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 South Korea
| | - Byung Jun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Konkuk University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
- Institute of Bioengineering; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
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14
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Xu JM, Cheng F, Fu FT, Hu HF, Zheng YG. Semi-Rational Engineering of Leucine Dehydrogenase for L-2-Aminobutyric Acid Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:898-909. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Han RZ, Xu GC, Dong JJ, Ni Y. Arginine deiminase: recent advances in discovery, crystal structure, and protein engineering for improved properties as an anti-tumor drug. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4747-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Cheng F, Kardashliev T, Pitzler C, Shehzad A, Lue H, Bernhagen J, Zhu L, Schwaneberg U. A Competitive Flow Cytometry Screening System for Directed Evolution of Therapeutic Enzyme. ACS Synth Biol 2015; 4:768-75. [PMID: 25658761 DOI: 10.1021/sb500343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A ligand-mediated eGFP-expression system (LiMEx) was developed as a novel flow cytometry based screening platform that relies on a competitive conversion/binding of arginine between arginine deiminase and arginine repressor. Unlike product-driven detection systems, the competitive screening platform allows to evolve enzymes toward efficient operation at low substrate concentrations under physiological conditions. The principle of LiMEx was validated by evolving arginine deiminase (ADI, an anticancer therapeutic) for stronger inhibition of tumor growth. After screening of ∼8.2 × 10(6) clones in three iterative rounds of epPCR libraries, PpADI (ADI from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida) variant M31 with reduced S0.5 value (0.17 mM compared to 1.23 mM (WT)) and, importantly, increased activity at physiological arginine concentration (M31:6.14 s(-1); WT: not detectable) was identified. Moreover, M31 showed a significant inhibitory effect against SK-MEL-28 and G361 melanoma cell lines. (IC50 = 0.02 μg/mL for SK-MEL-28 and G361).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tsvetan Kardashliev
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Pitzler
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Aamir Shehzad
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hongqi Lue
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl
für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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17
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Hydrophobic Mutagenesis and Semi-rational Engineering of Arginine Deiminase for Markedly Enhanced Stability and Catalytic Efficiency. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:1335-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Cheng F, Zhu L, Schwaneberg U. Directed evolution 2.0: improving and deciphering enzyme properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9760-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01594d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A KnowVolution: knowledge gaining directed evolution including four phases is proposed in this feature article, which generates improved enzyme variants and molecular understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
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