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Pennetta C, Bono N, Ponti F, Bellucci MC, Viani F, Candiani G, Volonterio A. Multifunctional Neomycin-Triazine-Based Cationic Lipids for Gene Delivery with Antibacterial Properties. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:690-701. [PMID: 33470802 PMCID: PMC8154203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Cationic
lipids (CLs) have gained significant attention among nonviral
gene delivery vectors due to their ease of synthesis and functionalization
with multivalent moieties. In particular, there is an increasing request
for multifunctional CLs having gene delivery capacity and antibacterial
activity. Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of a novel
class of aminoglycoside (AG)-based multifunctional vectors with high
transfection efficiency and noticeable antibacterial properties. Specifically,
cationic amphiphiles were built on a triazine scaffold, allowing for
an easy derivatization with up to three potentially different substituents,
such as neomycin (Neo) that serves as the polar head and one or two
lipophilic tails, namely stearyl (ST) and oleyl (OL) alkyl chains
and cholesteryl (Chol) tail. With the aim to shed more light on the
effect of different types and numbers of lipophilic moieties on the
ability of CLs to condense and transfect cells, the performance of
Neo–triazine-based derivatives as gene delivery vectors was
evaluated and compared. The ability of Neo–triazine-based derivatives
to act as antimicrobial agents was evaluated as well. Neo–triazine-based
CLs invariably exhibited excellent DNA condensation ability, even
at a low charge ratio (CR, +/−). Besides, each derivative showed
very good transfection performance at its optimal CR on two different
cell lines, along with negligible cytotoxicity. CLs bearing symmetric
two-tailed OL proved to be the most effective in transfection. Interestingly,
Neo–triazine-based derivatives, used as either free lipids
or lipoplexes, exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative
bacteria, especially in the case of CLs bearing one or two aliphatic
chains. Altogether, these results highlight the potential of Neo–triazine-based
derivatives as effective multifunctional nonviral gene delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pennetta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Nina Bono
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Federica Ponti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy.,Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Maria Cristina Bellucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Viani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (SCITEC), Via Mario Bianco 9, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Volonterio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (SCITEC), Via Mario Bianco 9, Milan 20131, Italy
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2
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Hadidi K, Bellucci MC, Dall'Angelo S, Leeson-Payne A, Rochford JJ, Esko JD, Tor Y, Volonterio A. Guanidinoneomycin-maleimide molecular transporter: synthesis, chemistry and cellular uptake. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6513-6520. [PMID: 34254106 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01101d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Guanidinoglycosides are a class of non-cytotoxic molecular transporters capable of delivering high molecular weight bioactive cargos into cells at low nanomolar concentrations. Efficient bioconjugation with guanidinoglycosides has been previously demonstrated by utilizing a guanidinoneomycin decorated with a reactive but also unstable N-hydroxysuccinimmide ester-containing linker. Herein we report the synthesis, chemistry, and application of a new, stable guanidinoneomycin derivative armed with a highly specific maleimide moiety which allows for thiol-maleimide click chemistry, a highly popular bioconjugation strategy, widening the field of application of these intriguing and useful delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaivin Hadidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Maria Cristina Bellucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Dall'Angelo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alasdair Leeson-Payne
- The Rowett Institute and Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Justin J Rochford
- The Rowett Institute and Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Jeffery D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Yitzhak Tor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Alessandro Volonterio
- Department of Chemistry, Material and Chemical Engineer "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
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3
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Berlinck RGS, Bernardi DI, Fill T, Fernandes AAG, Jurberg ID. The chemistry and biology of guanidine secondary metabolites. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 38:586-667. [PMID: 33021301 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2017-2019Guanidine natural products isolated from microorganisms, marine invertebrates and terrestrial plants, amphibians and spiders, represented by non-ribosomal peptides, guanidine-bearing polyketides, alkaloids, terpenoids and shikimic acid derived, are the subject of this review. The topics include the discovery of new metabolites, total synthesis of natural guanidine compounds, biological activity and mechanism-of-action, biosynthesis and ecological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Bellucci MC, Volonterio A. Aminoglycosides: From Antibiotics to Building Blocks for the Synthesis and Development of Gene Delivery Vehicles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E504. [PMID: 32796727 PMCID: PMC7459817 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycosides are a class of naturally occurring and semi synthetic antibiotics that have been used for a long time in fighting bacterial infections. Due to acquired antibiotic resistance and inherent toxicity, aminoglycosides have experienced a decrease in interest over time. However, in the last decade, we are seeing a renaissance of aminoglycosides thanks to a better understanding of their chemistry and mode of action, which had led to new trends of application. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to highlight one of these new fields of application: the use of aminoglycosides as building blocks for the development of liposomal and polymeric vectors for gene delivery. The design, synthetic strategies, ability to condensate the genetic material, the efficiency in transfection, and cytotoxicity as well as when available, the antibacterial activity of aminoglycoside-based cationic lipids and polymers are covered and critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Bellucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Volonterio
- Department of Chemistry, Material and Chemical Engineer “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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Bono N, Pennetta C, Sganappa A, Giupponi E, Sansone F, Volonterio A, Candiani G. Design and synthesis of biologically active cationic amphiphiles built on the calix[4]arene scaffold. Int J Pharm 2018; 549:436-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Perspectives on dendritic architectures and their biological applications: From core to cell. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 173:61-83. [PMID: 28564631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The challenges of medicine today include the increasing stipulation for sensitive and effective systems that can improve the pathological responses with a simultaneous reduction in accumulation and drug side effects. The demand can be fulfilled through the advancements in nanomedicine that includes nanostructures and nanodevices for diagnosing, treating, and prevention of various diseases. In this respect, the nanoscience provides various novel techniques with carriers such as micelles, dendrimers, particles and vesicles for the transportation of active moieties. Further, an efficient way to improve these systems is through stimuli a responsive system that utilizes supramolecular hyperbranched structures to meet the above criteria. The stimuli-responsive dendritic architectures exhibit spatial, temporal, convenient, effective, safety and controlled drug release in response to specific trigger through electrostatic interactions plus π stacking. The stimuli-responsive systems are capable of sequestering the drug molecules underneath a predefined set of conditions and discharge them in a different environment through either exogenous or endogenous stimulus. The incorporation of photoresponsive moieties at various components of dendrimer such as core, branches or at the peripheral end exaggerates its significance in various allied fields of nanotechnology which includes sensors, photoswitch, electronic widgets and in drug delivery systems. This is due to the light instigated geometrical modifications at the core or at the surface molecules which generates huge conformational changes throughout the hyperbranched structure. Further, numerous synthetic methodologies have been investigated for utilization of dendrimers in therapeutic drug delivery and its applicability towards stimuli responsive systems such as photo-instigated, thermal-instigated, and pH-instigated hyperbranched structures and their advancement in the field of nanomedicine. This paper highlights the fascinating theoretical advances and principal mechanisms of dendrimer synthesis and their ability to capture light that strengthens its applicability from radiant energy to medical photonics.
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