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Ledesma‐Fernandez A, Velasco‐Lozano S, Campos‐Muelas P, Madrid R, López‐Gallego F, Cortajarena AL. Engineering bio-brick protein scaffolds for organizing enzyme assemblies. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4984. [PMID: 38607190 PMCID: PMC11010954 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme scaffolding is an emerging approach for enhancing the catalytic efficiency of multi-enzymatic cascades by controlling their spatial organization and stoichiometry. This study introduces a novel family of engineered SCAffolding Bricks, named SCABs, utilizing the consensus tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) domain for organized multi-enzyme systems. Two SCAB systems are developed, one employing head-to-tail interactions with reversible covalent disulfide bonds, the other relying on non-covalent metal-driven assembly via engineered metal coordinating interfaces. Enzymes are directly fused to SCAB modules, triggering assembly in a non-reducing environment or by metal presence. A proof-of-concept with formate dehydrogenase (FDH) and L-alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) shows enhanced specific productivity by 3.6-fold compared to free enzymes, with the covalent stapling outperforming the metal-driven assembly. This enhancement likely stems from higher-order supramolecular assembly and improved NADH cofactor regeneration, resulting in more efficient cascades. This study underscores the potential of protein engineering to tailor scaffolds, leveraging supramolecular spatial-organizing tools, for more efficient enzymatic cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ledesma‐Fernandez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Donostia‐San SebastiánSpain
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain
| | - Susana Velasco‐Lozano
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Donostia‐San SebastiánSpain
- Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH‐CSIC)University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain
- Aragonese Foundation for Research and Development (ARAID)ZaragozaSpain
| | | | - Ricardo Madrid
- BioAssays S.L.MadridSpain
- Complutense University of MadridMadridSpain
| | - Fernando López‐Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Donostia‐San SebastiánSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | - Aitziber L. Cortajarena
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Donostia‐San SebastiánSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
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2
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Rowbotham JS, Nicholson JH, Ramirez MA, Urata K, Todd PMT, Karunanithy G, Lauterbach L, Reeve HA, Baldwin AJ, Vincent KA. Biocatalytic reductive amination as a route to isotopically labelled amino acids suitable for analysis of large proteins by NMR. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12160-12165. [PMID: 37969586 PMCID: PMC10631221 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01718d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate an atom-efficient and easy to use H2-driven biocatalytic platform for the enantioselective incorporation of 2H-atoms into amino acids. By combining the biocatalytic deuteration catalyst with amino acid dehydrogenase enzymes capable of reductive amination, we synthesised a library of multiply isotopically labelled amino acids from low-cost isotopic precursors, such as 2H2O and 15NH4+. The chosen approach avoids the use of pre-labeled 2H-reducing agents, and therefore vastly simplifies product cleanup. Notably, this strategy enables 2H, 15N, and an asymmetric centre to be introduced at a molecular site in a single step, with full selectivity, under benign conditions, and with near 100% atom economy. The method facilitates the preparation of amino acid isotopologues on a half-gram scale. These amino acids have wide applicability in the analytical life sciences, and in particular for NMR spectroscopic analysis of proteins. To demonstrate the benefits of the approach for enabling the workflow of protein NMR chemists, we prepared l-[α-2H,15N, β-13C]-alanine and integrated it into a large (>400 kDa) heat-shock protein oligomer, which was subsequently analysable by methyl-TROSY techniques, revealing new structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack S Rowbotham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Jake H Nicholson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Miguel A Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Kouji Urata
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Peter M T Todd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Gogulan Karunanithy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford UK
| | - Lars Lauterbach
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry Straße des 17. Juni 135 10437 Berlin Germany
| | - Holly A Reeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Andrew J Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3QU UK
| | - Kylie A Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford UK
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3
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Al-Sakkaf MK, Basfer I, Iddrisu M, Bahadi SA, Nasser MS, Abussaud B, Drmosh QA, Onaizi SA. An Up-to-Date Review on the Remediation of Dyes and Phenolic Compounds from Wastewaters Using Enzymes Immobilized on Emerging and Nanostructured Materials: Promises and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2152. [PMID: 37570470 PMCID: PMC10420689 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the critical issue of water pollution, this review article emphasizes the need to remove hazardous dyes and phenolic compounds from wastewater. These pollutants pose severe risks due to their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. The study explores various techniques for the remediation of organic contaminants from wastewater, including an enzymatic approach. A significant challenge in enzymatic wastewater treatment is the loss of enzyme activity and difficulty in recovery post-treatment. To mitigate these issues, this review examines the strategy of immobilizing enzymes on newly developed nanostructured materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These materials offer high surface areas, excellent porosity, and ample anchoring sites for effective enzyme immobilization. The review evaluates recent research on enzyme immobilization on these supports and their applications in biocatalytic nanoparticles. It also analyzes the impact of operational factors (e.g., time, pH, and temperature) on dye and phenolic compound removal from wastewater using these enzymes. Despite promising outcomes, this review acknowledges the challenges for large-scale implementation and offers recommendations for future research to tackle these obstacles. This review concludes by suggesting that enzyme immobilization on these emerging materials could present a sustainable, environmentally friendly solution to the escalating water pollution crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K. Al-Sakkaf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Basfer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustapha Iddrisu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem A. Bahadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa S. Nasser
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Basim Abussaud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasem A. Drmosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sagheer A. Onaizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Ledesma-Fernandez A, Velasco-Lozano S, Santiago-Arcos J, López-Gallego F, Cortajarena AL. Engineered repeat proteins as scaffolds to assemble multi-enzyme systems for efficient cell-free biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2587. [PMID: 37142589 PMCID: PMC10160029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-enzymatic cascades with enzymes arranged in close-proximity through a protein scaffold can trigger a substrate channeling effect, allowing for efficient cofactor reuse with industrial potential. However, precise nanometric organization of enzymes challenges the design of scaffolds. In this study, we create a nanometrically organized multi-enzymatic system exploiting engineered Tetrapeptide Repeat Affinity Proteins (TRAPs) as scaffolding for biocatalysis. We genetically fuse TRAP domains and program them to selectively and orthogonally recognize peptide-tags fused to enzymes, which upon binding form spatially organized metabolomes. In addition, the scaffold encodes binding sites to selectively and reversibly sequester reaction intermediates like cofactors via electrostatic interactions, increasing their local concentration and, consequently, the catalytic efficiency. This concept is demonstrated for the biosynthesis of amino acids and amines using up to three enzymes. Scaffolded multi-enzyme systems present up to 5-fold higher specific productivity than the non-scaffolded ones. In-depth analysis suggests that channeling of NADH cofactor between the assembled enzymes enhances the overall cascade throughput and the product yield. Moreover, we immobilize this biomolecular scaffold on solid supports, creating reusable heterogeneous multi-functional biocatalysts for consecutive operational batch cycles. Our results demonstrate the potential of TRAP-scaffolding systems as spatial-organizing tools to increase the efficiency of cell-free biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ledesma-Fernandez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH-CSIC), University of Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragonese Foundation for Research and Development (ARAID), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Aitziber L Cortajarena
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain.
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5
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Santiago-Arcos J, Velasco-Lozano S, López-Gallego F. Multienzyme Coimmobilization on Triheterofunctional Supports. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:929-942. [PMID: 36649203 PMCID: PMC10018741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized multienzyme systems are gaining momentum in applied biocatalysis; however, the coimmobilization of several enzymes on one carrier is still challenging. In this work, we exploited a heterofunctional support activated with three different chemical functionalities to immobilize a wide variety of different enzymes. This support is based on agarose microbeads activated with aldehyde, amino, and cobalt chelate moieties that allow a fast and irreversible immobilization of enzymes, enhancing the thermostability of most of the heterogeneous biocatalysts (up to 21-fold higher than the soluble one). Furthermore, this trifunctional support serves to efficiently coimmobilize a multienzyme system composed of an alcohol dehydrogenase, a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase, and a catalase. The confined multienzymatic system demonstrates higher performance than its free counterpart, achieving a total turnover number (TTN) of 1 × 105 during five batch consecutive cycles. We envision this solid material as a platform for coimmobilizing multienzyme systems with enhanced properties to catalyze stepwise biotransformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragonese Foundation for Research and Development (ARAID), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Sharma VK, Hutchison JM, Allgeier AM. Redox Biocatalysis: Quantitative Comparisons of Nicotinamide Cofactor Regeneration Methods. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200888. [PMID: 36129761 PMCID: PMC10029092 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic processes, particularly those capable of performing redox reactions, have recently been of growing research interest. Substrate specificity, optimal activity at mild temperatures, high selectivity, and yield are among the desirable characteristics of these oxidoreductase catalyzed reactions. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) or NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases have been extensively studied for their potential applications like biosynthesis of chiral organic compounds, construction of biosensors, and pollutant degradation. One of the main challenges associated with making these processes commercially viable is the regeneration of the expensive cofactors required by the enzymes. Numerous efforts have pursued enzymatic regeneration of NAD(P)H by coupling a substrate reduction with a complementary enzyme catalyzed oxidation of a co-substrate. While offering excellent selectivity and high total turnover numbers, such processes involve complicated downstream product separation of a primary product from the coproducts and impurities. Alternative methods comprising chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical regeneration have been developed with the goal of enhanced efficiency and operational simplicity compared to enzymatic regeneration. Despite the goal, however, the literature rarely offers a meaningful comparison of the total turnover numbers for various regeneration methodologies. This comprehensive Review systematically discusses various methods of NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration and quantitatively compares performance across the numerous methods. Further, fundamental barriers to enhanced cofactor regeneration in the various methods are identified, and future opportunities are highlighted for improving the efficiency and sustainability of commercially viable oxidoreductase processes for practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor K Sharma
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Justin M Hutchison
- Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Alan M Allgeier
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
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7
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Bolivar JM, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6251-6290. [PMID: 35838107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- FQPIMA group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Romero-Fernandez M, Paradisi F. Biocatalytic access to betazole using a one-pot multienzymatic system in continuous flow. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:4594-4603. [PMID: 34220333 PMCID: PMC8215649 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to classical synthetic approaches for the production of betazole drug, a one-pot biocatalytic system for this pharmaceutical molecule from its alcohol precursor has been developed. An ω-transaminase, an alcohol dehydrogenase and a water-forming NADH oxidase for in situ cofactor recycling have been combined to catalyse this reaction, yielding 75% molar conversion in batch reactions with soluble enzymes. This multienzyme system was then co-immobilised through a newly established protocol for sequential functionalization of a methacrylate-based porous carrier to enable tailored immobilisation chemistries for each enzyme. This pluri-catalytic system has been set up in a continuous flow packed-bed reactor, generating a space-time yield of up to 2.59 g L-1 h-1 with 15 min residence and a constant supply of oxygen for in situ cofactor recycling through a segmented air-liquid flow. The addition of an in-line catch-and-release column afforded >80% product recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern Switzerland
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9
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Environmental Assessment of Enzyme Production and Purification. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030573. [PMID: 33499126 PMCID: PMC7865607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of bioprocesses has increased in recent decades, as they are considered to be more sustainable than chemical processes in many cases. E factors can be used to assess the sustainability of processes. However, it is noticeable that the contribution of enzyme synthesis and purification is mostly neglected. We, therefore, determined the E factors for the production and purification of 10 g enzymes. The calculated complete E factor including required waste and water is 37,835 gwaste·genzyme-1. This result demonstrates that the contribution of enzyme production and purification should not be neglected for sustainability assessment of bioprocesses.
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10
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Poznansky B, Thompson LA, Warren SA, Reeve HA, Vincent KA. Carbon as a Simple Support for Redox Biocatalysis in Continuous Flow. Org Process Res Dev 2020; 24:2281-2287. [PMID: 33100814 PMCID: PMC7574627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A continuous packed bed reactor for NADH-dependent biocatalysis using enzymes co-immobilized on a simple carbon support was optimized to 100% conversion in a residence time of 30 min. Conversion of pyruvate to lactate was achieved by co-immobilized lactate dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase, providing in situ cofactor recycling. Other metrics were also considered as optimization targets, such as low E factors between 2.5-11 and space-time yields of up to 22.9 g L-1 h-1. The long-term stability of the biocatalytic reactor was also demonstrated, with full conversion maintained over more than 30 h of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnabas Poznansky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Lisa A Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Sarah A Warren
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., 410 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PE, U.K
| | - Holly A Reeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Kylie A Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
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11
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Velasco‐Lozano S, Santiago‐Arcos J, Mayoral JA, López‐Gallego F. Co‐immobilization and Colocalization of Multi‐Enzyme Systems for the Cell‐Free Biosynthesis of Aminoalcohols. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco‐Lozano
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas Instituto de Sïntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Javier Santiago‐Arcos
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramon 194 20014 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - José A. Mayoral
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas Instituto de Sïntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Fernando López‐Gallego
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramon 194 20014 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Maria Diaz de Haro 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
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12
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Romero-Fernández M, Paradisi F. Protein immobilization technology for flow biocatalysis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 55:1-8. [PMID: 31865258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic immobilization has been at the forefront of applied biocatalysis as it enables convenient isolation and reuse of the catalyst if the target reaction is conducted in batch, and it has opened up significant opportunities to conduct biocatalysis in continuous mode. Over the last few years, an array of techniques to immobilize enzymes have been developed, spanning from covalent multipoint attachment to noncovalent electrostatic strategies to rational architecture to suitably orient the enzyme(s). In addition, new materials have been adapted to support biological catalysts. Here, we discuss the advances of the last two years in enzyme immobilization for continuous flow applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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13
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Benítez-Mateos AI, Mehravar E, Velasco-Lozano S, Salassa L, López-Gallego F. Selective Immobilization of Fluorescent Proteins for the Fabrication of Photoactive Materials. Molecules 2019; 24:E2775. [PMID: 31366154 PMCID: PMC6696454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of fluorescent proteins is a key technology enabling to fabricate a new generation of photoactive materials with potential technological applications. Herein we have exploited superfolder green (sGFP) and red (RFP) fluorescent proteins expressed with different polypeptide tags. We fused these fluorescent proteins to His-tags to immobilize them on graphene 3D hydrogels, and Cys-tags to immobilize them on porous microparticles activated with either epoxy or disulfide groups and with Lys-tags to immobilize them on upconverting nanoparticles functionalized with carboxylic groups. Genetically programming sGFP and RFP with Cys-tag and His-tag, respectively, allowed tuning the protein spatial organization either across the porous structure of two microbeads with different functional groups (agarose-based materials activated with metal chelates and epoxy-methacrylate materials) or across the surface of a single microbead functionalized with both metal-chelates and disulfide groups. By using different polypeptide tags, we can control the attachment chemistry but also the localization of the fluorescent proteins across the material surfaces. The resulting photoactive material formed by His-RFP immobilized on graphene hydrogels has been tested as pH indicator to measure pH changes in the alkaline region, although the immobilized fluorescent protein exhibited a narrower dynamic range to measure pH than the soluble fluorescent protein. Likewise, the immobilization of Lys-sGFP on alginate-coated upconverting nanoparticles enabled the infrared excitation of the fluorescent protein to be used as a green light emitter. These novel photoactive biomaterials open new avenues for innovative technological developments towards the fabrication of biosensors and photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis group, CICbiomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ehsan Mehravar
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luca Salassa
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
- ARAID, Aragon foundation for Science, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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14
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Huang J, Zhuang W, Ge L, Wang K, Wang Z, Niu H, Wu J, Zhu C, Chen Y, Ying H. Improving biocatalytic microenvironment with biocompatible ε-poly-l-lysine for one step gluconic acid production in low pH enzymatic systems. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Romero-Fernández M, Moreno-Perez S, H Orrego A, Martins de Oliveira S, I Santamaría R, Díaz M, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J. Designing continuous flow reaction of xylan hydrolysis for xylooligosaccharides production in packed-bed reactors using xylanase immobilized on methacrylic polymer-based supports. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:249-258. [PMID: 29982045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the development and optimization of a packed-bed reactor (PBR) for continuous production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from xylan. For this purpose, three different methacrylic polymer-based supports (Relizyme R403/S, Purolite P8204F and Purolite P8215F) activated with glyoxyl groups were morphologically characterized and screened for the multipoint covalent immobilization of a xylanase. Based on its physical and mechanical properties, maximum protein loading and thermal stability, Relizyme R403/S was selected to set up a PRB for continuous production of XOS from corncob xylan. The specific productivity for XOS at 10 mL/min flow rate was 3277 gXOS genzyme-1 h-1 with a PBR. This PBR conserved >90% of its initial activity after 120 h of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Romero-Fernández
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Perez
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Pharmacy and Biotechnology Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro H Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandro Martins de Oliveira
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón I Santamaría
- Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-USAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Margarita Díaz
- Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, CSIC-USAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis. Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Orrego AH, López-Gallego F, Espaillat A, Cava F, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J. One-step Synthesis of α-Keto Acids from Racemic Amino Acids by A Versatile Immobilized Multienzyme Cell-free System. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro H. Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC; Campus UAM. Cantoblanco. 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- ARAID Foundation; Zaragoza Spain
| | - Akbar Espaillat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden; Umea Centre for Microbial Research; Umea University; Umea Sweden
| | - Felipe Cava
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden; Umea Centre for Microbial Research; Umea University; Umea Sweden
| | - José M. Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC; Campus UAM. Cantoblanco. 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC; Campus UAM. Cantoblanco. 28049 Madrid Spain
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17
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Xue YP, Cao CH, Zheng YG. Enzymatic asymmetric synthesis of chiral amino acids. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1516-1561. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00253j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the progress achieved in the enzymatic asymmetric synthesis of chiral amino acids from prochiral substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Cheng-Hao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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