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Tateo S, Shinchi H, Matsumoto H, Nagata N, Hashimoto M, Wakao M, Suda Y. Optimized immobilization of single chain variable fragment antibody onto non-toxic fluorescent nanoparticles for efficient preparation of a bioprobe. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 224:113192. [PMID: 36791518 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-chain variable fragment antibody (scFv) is a small molecular weight antibody that can be used for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. To visualize the interaction with the target biomolecules, scFv must be labeled with fluorescent molecules. In this study, to achieve the efficient labeling of scFv, we developed scFv-fluorescent nanoparticle conjugates to utilize scFv as bioprobes. As fluorescent carriers, cadmium-free ZnS-AgInS2/ZnS core/shell nanoparticles were used, and scFv was immobilized onto the nanoparticles via the interaction of nickel ions on nitrilotriacetic acid and hexahistidine (His-tag) fused with scFv. UV-Vis, fluorescence spectra, NMR, and dynamic laser scattering were used to characterize the scFv immobilized fluorescent nanoparticles (scFv-FNPs). The amounts of scFv on FNPs were controlled by the concentration of scFv. The scFv-FNPs that were prepared were non-toxic and selectively bound to cancer cells. The scFv-FNPs could be used as bioanalytical tools, and the immobilization method described here is a promising method for labeling biomolecules with the His-tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Tateo
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shinchi
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Matsumoto
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Nonoka Nagata
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masahito Hashimoto
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakao
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suda
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
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Shinchi H, Yuki M, Yamauchi T, Niimura M, Wakao M, Cottam HB, Hayashi T, Carson DA, Moroishi T, Suda Y. Glyco-Nanoadjuvants: Sugar Structures on Carriers of a Small Molecule TLR7 Ligand Affect Their Immunostimulatory Activities. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2732-2741. [PMID: 35014312 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that activate innate immunity, and their ligands are promising adjuvants for vaccines and immunotherapies. Small molecule TLR7 ligands are ideal vaccine adjuvants as they induce not only proinflammatory cytokines but also type I interferons. However, their application has only been approved for local administration due to severe systemic immune-related adverse events. In a previous study, we prepared the gold nanoparticles coimmobilized with synthetic small molecule TLR7 ligand, 1V209, and α-mannose (1V209-αMan-GNPs). 1V209-αMan-GNPs were selectively delivered via a cell surface sugar-binding protein, mannose receptor, which enabled selective delivery of TLR7 ligands to immune cells. Besides the mannose receptor, immune cells express various sugar-binding proteins such as macrophage galactose binding lectins and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins and recognize distinct sugar structures. Hence, in the present study, we investigated whether sugar structures on GNPs affect the efficiency and selectivity of intracellular delivery and subsequent immunostimulatory potencies. Five neutral sugars and two sialosides were selected and each sugar was coimmobilized with 1V209 onto GNPs (1V209-SGNPs) and their innate immunostimulatory potencies were compared to that of 1V209-αMan-GNPs. The in vitro study using mouse bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) demonstrated that α-glucose, α-N-acetylglucosamine, or α-fucose immobilized 1V209-SGNPs increased interleukin-6 and type I interferon release similar to that of 1V209-αMan-GNPs, whereas galacto-type sugar immobilized 1V209-SGNPs predominantly enhanced type I interferon release. In contrast, sialoside immobilized 1V209-SGNPs did not enhance the potency of 1V209. In the in vivo immunization study using ovalbumin as a model antigen, neutral sugar immobilized 1V209-SGNPs induced comparable T helper-1 immune response to that of 1V209-αMan-GNPs and by 10-fold higher than that of sialoside immobilized 1V209-SGNPs. These results indicate that the sugar structures on 1V209-SGNPs affect their immunostimulatory activities, and functionalization of the carrier particles is important to shape immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shinchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masaharu Yuki
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamauchi
- Department of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mayumi Niimura
- Department of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakao
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Howard B Cottam
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Tomoko Hayashi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Dennis A Carson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suda
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.,SUDx-Biotec Corporation, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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3
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Shinchi H, Yamaguchi T, Moroishi T, Yuki M, Wakao M, Cottam HB, Hayashi T, Carson DA, Suda Y. Gold Nanoparticles Coimmobilized with Small Molecule Toll-Like Receptor 7 Ligand and α-Mannose as Adjuvants. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2811-2821. [PMID: 31560198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvants enhance the immune response during vaccination. Among FDA-approved adjuvants, aluminum salts are most commonly used in vaccines. Although aluminum salts enhance humoral immunity, they show a limited effect for cell-mediated immune responses. Thus, further development of adjuvants that induce T-cell-mediated immune response is needed. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognizing specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns activate innate immunity, which is crucial to shape adaptive immunity. Using TLR ligands as novel adjuvants in vaccines has therefore attracted substantial attention. Among them a small molecule TLR7 ligand, imiquimod, has been approved for clinical use, but its use is restricted to local administration due to unwanted adverse side effects when used systematically. Since TLR7 is mainly located in the endosomal compartment of immune cells, efficient transport of the ligand into the cells is important for improving the potency of the TLR7 ligand. In this study we examined gold nanoparticles (GNPs) immobilized with α-mannose as carriers for a TLR7 ligand to target immune cells. The small molecule synthetic TLR7 ligand, 2-methoxyethoxy-8-oxo-9-(4-carboxy benzyl)adenine (1V209), and α-mannose were coimmobilized via linker molecules consisting of thioctic acid on the GNP surface (1V209-αMan-GNPs). The in vitro cytokine production activity of 1V209-αMan-GNPs was higher than that of the unconjugated 1V209 derivative in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In the in vivo immunization study, 1V209-αMan-GNPs induced significantly higher titers of IgG2c antibody specific to ovalbumin as an antigen than did unconjugated 1V209, and splenomegaly and weight loss were not observed. These results indicate that 1V209-αMan-GNPs could be useful as safe and effective adjuvants for development of vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shinchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Kagoshima University , 1-21-40 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan
| | - Toru Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Kagoshima University , 1-21-40 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Faculty of Life Sciences , Kumamoto University , 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku , Kumamoto 860-8556 , Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto 860-8556 , Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Kawaguchi 332-0012 , Japan
| | - Masaharu Yuki
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Kagoshima University , 1-21-40 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakao
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Kagoshima University , 1-21-40 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan
| | - Howard B Cottam
- Moores Cancer Center , University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0695 , United States
| | - Tomoko Hayashi
- Moores Cancer Center , University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0695 , United States
| | - Dennis A Carson
- Moores Cancer Center , University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0695 , United States
| | - Yasuo Suda
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Kagoshima University , 1-21-40 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan.,SUDx-Biotec Corporation , 1-42-1 Shiroyama , Kagoshima 890-0013 , Japan
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