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Coll RP, Bright SJ, Martinus DKJ, Georgiou DK, Sawakuchi GO, Manning HC. Alpha Particle-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals as Cancer Therapy: Biological Basis, Current Status, and Future Outlook for Therapeutics Discovery. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:991-1019. [PMID: 37845582 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Critical advances in radionuclide therapy have led to encouraging new options for cancer treatment through the pairing of clinically useful radiation-emitting radionuclides and innovative pharmaceutical discovery. Of the various subatomic particles used in therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, alpha (α) particles show great promise owing to their relatively large size, delivered energy, finite pathlength, and resulting ionization density. This review discusses the therapeutic benefits of α-emitting radiopharmaceuticals and their pairing with appropriate diagnostics, resulting in innovative "theranostic" platforms. Herein, the current landscape of α particle-emitting radionuclides is described with an emphasis on their use in theranostic development for cancer treatment. Commonly studied radionuclides are introduced and recent efforts towards their production for research and clinical use are described. The growing popularity of these radionuclides is explained through summarizing the biological effects of α radiation on cancer cells, which include DNA damage, activation of discrete cell death programs, and downstream immune responses. Examples of efficient α-theranostic design are described with an emphasis on strategies that lead to cellular internalization and the targeting of proteins involved in therapeutic resistance. Historical barriers to the clinical deployment of α-theranostic radiopharmaceuticals are also discussed. Recent progress towards addressing these challenges is presented along with examples of incorporating α-particle therapy in pharmaceutical platforms that can be easily converted into diagnostic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Coll
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Scott J Bright
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David K J Martinus
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dimitra K Georgiou
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Gabriel O Sawakuchi
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - H Charles Manning
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
- Cyclotron Radiochemistry Facility, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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2
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Bauer D, Cornejo MA, Hoang TT, Lewis JS, Zeglis BM. Click Chemistry and Radiochemistry: An Update. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1925-1950. [PMID: 37737084 PMCID: PMC10655046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The term "click chemistry" describes a class of organic transformations that were developed to make chemical synthesis simpler and easier, in essence allowing chemists to combine molecular subunits as if they were puzzle pieces. Over the last 25 years, the click chemistry toolbox has swelled from the canonical copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition to encompass an array of ligations, including bioorthogonal variants, such as the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. Without question, the rise of click chemistry has impacted all areas of chemical and biological science. Yet the unique traits of radiopharmaceutical chemistry have made it particularly fertile ground for this technology. In this update, we seek to provide a comprehensive guide to recent developments at the intersection of click chemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry and to illuminate several exciting trends in the field, including the use of emergent click transformations in radiosynthesis, the clinical translation of novel probes synthesized using click chemistry, and the advent of click-based in vivo pretargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauer
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Mike A. Cornejo
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Tran T. Hoang
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
- Ph.D.
Program
in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the
City University of New York, New
York, New York 10016, United States
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3
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Whetter JN, Vaughn BA, Koller AJ, Boros E. An Unusual Pair: Facile Formation and In Vivo Validation of Robust Sc–
18
F Ternary Complexes for Molecular Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N. Whetter
- Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Brett A. Vaughn
- Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Angus J. Koller
- Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
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4
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Whetter JN, Vaughn BA, Koller AJ, Boros E. An Unusual Pair: Facile Formation and In Vivo Validation of Robust Sc- 18 F Ternary Complexes for Molecular Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114203. [PMID: 34889014 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-18 remains the most widely clinically utilized radionuclide globally for positron emission tomography (PET). The emergence of therapeutic isotopes for the management of disease has produced a pronounced interest in matched, theranostic isotope pairs that can be employed in tandem for the diagnosis and stratification of patients for subsequent radiotherapy. 18 F, however, does not have a suitable therapeutic isotopologue. Here, we demonstrate that the formation of [18 F][Sc-F] ternary complexes is feasible under mild, aqueous conditions, producing chemically robust radiopharmaceuticals in high radiochemical yield and specific activity. A corresponding in vivo study with a cancer-targeting [18 F][Sc-F] tracer indicates excellent in vivo stability and produces exquisite PET image quality, rendering the 18 F/47 Sc isotope pair an unusual, yet chemically matched theranostic pair with excellent potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Whetter
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Brett A Vaughn
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Angus J Koller
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
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5
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Lepage ML, Kuo H, Roxin Á, Huh S, Zhang Z, Kandasamy R, Merkens H, Kumlin JO, Limoges A, Zeisler SK, Lin K, Bénard F, Perrin DM. Toward18F‐Labeled Theranostics: A Single Agent that Can Be Labeled with18F,64Cu, or177Lu. Chembiochem 2020; 21:943-947. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu L. Lepage
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | | | - Áron Roxin
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
- BC Cancer 675 W 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of British Columbia 2775 Laurel Street Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - Sungjoon Huh
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- BC Cancer 675 W 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of British Columbia 2775 Laurel Street Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - Rajaguru Kandasamy
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Helen Merkens
- BC Cancer 675 W 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of British Columbia 2775 Laurel Street Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | | | - Alan Limoges
- TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver BC V6T 2A3 Canada
| | | | - Kuo‐Shyan Lin
- BC Cancer 675 W 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| | - François Bénard
- BC Cancer 675 W 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of British Columbia 2775 Laurel Street Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
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Rosecker V, Denk C, Maurer M, Wilkovitsch M, Mairinger S, Wanek T, Mikula H. Cross-Isotopic Bioorthogonal Tools as Molecular Twins for Radiotheranostic Applications. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1530-1535. [PMID: 30742739 PMCID: PMC6617999 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Radiotheranostics are designed by labeling targeting (bio)molecules with radionuclides for diagnostic or therapeutic application. Because the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds play a pivotal role, chemically closely related imaging agents are used to evaluate the overall feasibility of the therapeutic approach. "Theranostic relatives" that utilize different elements are frequently used in clinical practice. However, variations in pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and target affinity due to different chemical properties of the radioisotopes remain as hurdles to the design of optimized clinical tools. Herein, the design and synthesis of structurally identical compounds, either for diagnostic (18 F and a stable metal isotope) or therapeutic application (radiometal and stable 19 F), are reported. Such "molecular twins" have been prepared by applying a modular strategy based on click chemistry that enables efficient radiolabeling of compounds containing a metal complex and a tetrazine moiety. This additional bioorthogonal functionality can be used for subsequent radiolabeling of (bio)molecules or pretargeting approaches, which is demonstrated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Rosecker
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien (Vienna University of Technology)Getreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
| | - Christoph Denk
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien (Vienna University of Technology)Getreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
| | - Melanie Maurer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien (Vienna University of Technology)Getreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
| | - Martin Wilkovitsch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien (Vienna University of Technology)Getreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
| | - Severin Mairinger
- Preclinical Molecular ImagingAIT Austrian Institute of Technology2444SeibersdorfAustria
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Preclinical Molecular ImagingAIT Austrian Institute of Technology2444SeibersdorfAustria
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien (Vienna University of Technology)Getreidemarkt 91060ViennaAustria
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