1
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Zhang B, Guan Y, Zeng D, Wang R. Arginine methylation and respiratory disease. Transl Res 2024; 272:140-150. [PMID: 38453053 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Arginine methylation, a vital post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role in numerous cellular functions such as signal transduction, DNA damage response and repair, regulation of gene transcription, mRNA splicing, and protein interactions. Central to this modification is the role of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which have been increasingly recognized for their involvement in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases. This review begins with an exploration of the biochemical underpinnings of arginine methylation, shedding light on the intricate molecular regulatory mechanisms governed by PRMTs. It then delves into the impact of arginine methylation and the dysregulation of arginine methyltransferases in diverse pulmonary disorders. Concluding with a focus on the therapeutic potential and recent advancements in PRMT inhibitors, this article aims to offer novel perspectives and therapeutic avenues for the management and treatment of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Youhong Guan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Daxiong Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, PR China.
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2
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Kumar D, Jain S, Coulter DW, Joshi SS, Chaturvedi NK. PRMT5 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in MYC-Amplified Medulloblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5855. [PMID: 38136401 PMCID: PMC10741595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC amplification or overexpression is most common in Group 3 medulloblastomas and is positively associated with poor clinical outcomes. Recently, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) overexpression has been shown to be associated with tumorigenic MYC functions in cancers, particularly in brain cancers such as glioblastoma and medulloblastoma. PRMT5 regulates oncogenes, including MYC, that are often deregulated in medulloblastomas. However, the role of PRMT5-mediated post-translational modification in the stabilization of these oncoproteins remains poorly understood. The potential impact of PRMT5 inhibition on MYC makes it an attractive target in various cancers. PRMT5 inhibitors are a promising class of anti-cancer drugs demonstrating preclinical and preliminary clinical efficacies. Here, we review the publicly available preclinical and clinical studies on PRMT5 targeting using small molecule inhibitors and discuss the prospects of using them in medulloblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA; (D.K.); (S.J.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Stuti Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA; (D.K.); (S.J.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Don W. Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA; (D.K.); (S.J.); (D.W.C.)
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA
| | - Shantaram S. Joshi
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA;
| | - Nagendra K. Chaturvedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA; (D.K.); (S.J.); (D.W.C.)
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 69198, USA
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3
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Zheng J, Li B, Wu Y, Wu X, Wang Y. Targeting Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 for Cancer Therapy: Updated Progress and Novel Strategies. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37366223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
As a predominant type II protein arginine methyltransferase, PRMT5 plays critical roles in various normal cellular processes by catalyzing the mono- and symmetrical dimethylation of a wide range of histone and nonhistone substrates. Clinical studies have revealed that high expression of PRMT5 is observed in different solid tumors and hematological malignancies and is closely associated with cancer initiation and progression. Accordingly, PRMT5 is becoming a promising anticancer target and has received great attention in both the pharmaceutical industry and the academic community. In this Perspective, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in the development of first-generation PRMT5 enzymatic inhibitors and highlight novel strategies targeting PRMT5 in the past 5 years. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities of PRMT5 inhibition, with the aim of shedding light on future PRMT5 drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Zheng
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bang Li
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingqi Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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4
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Sims HS, Dai M. Taming PRMT5-adaptor protein interactions. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:134-136. [PMID: 36669975 PMCID: PMC11167722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT)-5 is a prominent epigenetic regulator and therapeutic target. Recently, Krzyzanowski et al. identified stapled peptides that inhibit the interaction of PRMT5 with two of its adaptor proteins. This discovery creates opportunities for novel therapeutic development by selectively modulating PRMT5 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Sims
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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5
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Jiang K, Yin X, Zhang Q, Yin J, Tang Q, Xu M, Wu L, Shen Y, Zhou Z, Yu H, Yan S. STC2 activates PRMT5 to induce radioresistance through DNA damage repair and ferroptosis pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102626. [PMID: 36764215 PMCID: PMC9929488 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is the major reason for the failure of radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previous evidence indicated that stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) participates in various biological processes of malignant tumors. However, researches on its effect on radioresistance in cancers are limited. In this study, STC2 was screened out by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses as a potential prognosis predictor of ESCC radiosensitivity and then was determined to facilitate radioresistance. We found that STC2 expression is increased in ESCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and a higher level of STC2 is associated with poor prognosis. Also, STC2 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in radioresistant cells than in their parental cells. Further investigation revealed that STC2 could interact with protein methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and activate PRMT5, thus leading to the increased expression of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 on Arg 3 (H4R3me2s). Mechanistically, STC2 can promote DDR through the homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining pathways by activating PRMT5. Meanwhile, STC2 can participate in SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in a PRMT5-dependent manner. Finally, these results were validated through in vivo experiments. These findings uncovered that STC2 might be an attractive therapeutic target to overcome ESCC radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Colorectal Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuying Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Fu S, Zheng Q, Zhang D, Lin C, Ouyang L, Zhang J, Chen L. Medicinal chemistry strategies targeting PRMT5 for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Krzyzanowski A, Esser LM, Willaume A, Prudent R, Peter C, ‘t Hart P, Waldmann H. Development of Macrocyclic PRMT5-Adaptor Protein Interaction Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15300-15311. [PMID: 36378254 PMCID: PMC9706563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The PRMT5-MEP50 methyltransferase is a major target for anticancer drug discovery, and modulators of its interactions with different regulatory proteins are in high demand because they modulate PRMT5 substrate selectivity. We describe a strategy for the development of a PRMT5/adaptor protein PPI inhibitor, which includes the design and synthesis of macrocyclic peptides based on the motif for the interaction of PRMT5 with its adaptor protein RioK1. After the initial exploration of different macrocycle sizes and cyclization linkages, analysis of a peptide library identified hot spots for the variation of the amino acid structure. The incorporation of nonproteinogenic amino acids into the macrocyclic peptide led to a potent cyclic PRMT5 binding peptide (Ki = 66 nM), which selectively inhibits the interaction of PRMT5 with the adaptor proteins RioK1 and pICln (IC50 = 654 nM) but not with the alternative adaptor protein MEP50. The inhibitor is a promising tool for further biological investigation of this intriguing protein interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Krzyzanowski
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany,Faculty
of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, Technical
University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lea Marie Esser
- Institute
of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Renaud Prudent
- Edelris, Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Christoph Peter
- Institute
of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter ‘t Hart
- Chemical
Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany,
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany,Faculty
of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, Technical
University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany,
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8
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Asberry AM, Cai X, Deng X, Liu S, Santiago U, Sims H, Liang W, Xu X, Wan J, Jiang W, Camacho C, Dai M, Hu CD. Discovery and Biological Characterization of PRMT5:MEP50 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13793-13812. [PMID: 36206451 PMCID: PMC11167723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a master epigenetic regulator and an extensively validated therapeutic target in multiple cancers. Notably, PRMT5 is the only PRMT that requires an obligate cofactor, methylosome protein 50 (MEP50), to function. We developed compound 17, a novel small-molecule PRMT5:MEP50 protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor, after initial virtual screen hit identification and analogue refinement. Molecular docking indicated that compound 17 targets PRMT5:MEP50 PPI by displacing the MEP50 W54 burial into a hydrophobic pocket of the PRMT5 TIM barrel. In vitro analysis indicates IC50 < 500 nM for prostate and lung cancer cells with selective, specific inhibition of PRMT5:MEP50 substrate methylation and target gene expression, and RNA-seq analysis suggests that compound 17 may dysregulate TGF-β signaling. Compound 17 provides a proof of concept in targeting PRMT5:MEP50 PPI, as opposed to catalytic targeting, as a novel mechanism of action and supports further preclinical development of inhibitors in this class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Asberry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xinpei Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xuehong Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- The Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ulises Santiago
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Hunter Sims
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Weida Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xueyong Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 240 S Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- The Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- The Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 240 S Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Carlos Camacho
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chang-Deng Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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9
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Cox J, Esser LM, Jüdt M, Schmitz K, Reiffert K, Grimmler M, Stork B, Wesselborg S, Peter C. NF90/NFAR (nuclear factors associated with dsRNA) - a new methylation substrate of the PRMT5-WD45-RioK1 complex. Biol Chem 2022; 403:907-915. [PMID: 36040368 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein-arginine methylation is a common posttranslational modification, crucial to various cellular processes, such as protein-protein interactions or binding to nucleic acids. The central enzyme of symmetric protein arginine methylation in mammals is the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5). While the methylation reaction itself is well understood, recruitment and differentiation among substrates remain less clear. One mechanism to regulate the diversity of PRMT5 substrate recognition is the mutual binding to the adaptor proteins pICln or RioK1. Here, we describe the specific interaction of Nuclear Factor 90 (NF90) with the PRMT5-WD45-RioK1 complex. We show for the first time that NF90 is symmetrically dimethylated by PRMT5 within the RG-rich region in its C-terminus. Since upregulation of PRMT5 is a hallmark of many cancer cells, the characterization of its dimethylation and modulation by specific commercial inhibitors in vivo presented here may contribute to a better understanding of PRMT5 function and its role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Cox
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lea Marie Esser
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Jüdt
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmitz
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kaja Reiffert
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Grimmler
- Hochschule Fresenius gGmbH, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger Straße 2, D-65510 Idstein, Germany.,DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH, Alte Strasse 9, D-65558 Holzheim, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wesselborg
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Peter
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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10
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MYBL1 induces transcriptional activation of ANGPT2 to promote tumor angiogenesis and confer sorafenib resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:727. [PMID: 35987690 PMCID: PMC9392790 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is considered as an important process in tumor growth, metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated with cancer progression, suggesting that an important research and development field of clinical molecular targeted drugs for HCC. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor angiogenesis in HCC remains elusive. In the current study, we demonstrate that upregulation of AMYB proto-oncogene-like 1 (MYBL1) was associated with high endothelial vessel (EV) density and contributed to poor prognosis of HCC patient. Functionally, MYBL1 overexpressing enhanced the capacity of HCC cells to induce tube formation, migration of HUVECs, neovascularization in CAMs, finally, enhanced HCC cells metastasis, while silencing MYBL1 had the converse effect. Furthermore, HCC cells with high MYBL1 expression were more resistance to sorafenib treatment. We observed that CD31 staining was significantly increased in tumors formed by MYBL1-overexpressing cells but decreased in MYBL1-silenced tumors. Mechanistically, MYBL1 binds to the ANGPT2 promoter and transcriptionally upregulate ANGPT2 mRNA expression. Strikingly, treatment with monoclonal antibody against ANGPT2 significantly inhibited the growth of MYBL1-overexpressing tumors and efficiently impaired angiogenesis. Furthermore, the histone post-translational factors: protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), MEP50, and WDR5 were required for MYBL1-mediated ANGPT2 upregulation. Importantly, we confirmed the correlation between MYBL1 and ANGPT2 expression in a large cohort of clinical HCC samples and several published datasets in pancreatic cancer, esophageal carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma, and colon cancer. Our results demonstrate that MYBL1 upregulated the ANGPT2 expression, then induced angiogenesis and confer sorafenib resistance to HCC cells, and MYBL1 may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with HCC.
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11
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Xu J, Richard S. Cellular pathways influenced by protein arginine methylation: Implications for cancer. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4357-4368. [PMID: 34619091 PMCID: PMC8571027 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is an influential post-translational modification occurring on histones, RNA binding proteins, and many other cellular proteins, affecting their function by altering their protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Recently, a wealth of information has been gathered, implicating protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), enzymes that deposit arginine methylation, in transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, DNA damage signaling, and immune signaling with major implications for cancer therapy, especially immunotherapy. This review summarizes this recent progress and the current state of PRMT inhibitors, some in clinical trials, as promising drug targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.
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12
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Mulvaney KM, Blomquist C, Acharya N, Li R, Ranaghan MJ, O'Keefe M, Rodriguez DJ, Young MJ, Kesar D, Pal D, Stokes M, Nelson AJ, Jain SS, Yang A, Mullin-Bernstein Z, Columbus J, Bozal FK, Skepner A, Raymond D, LaRussa S, McKinney DC, Freyzon Y, Baidi Y, Porter D, Aguirre AJ, Ianari A, McMillan B, Sellers WR. Molecular basis for substrate recruitment to the PRMT5 methylosome. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3481-3495.e7. [PMID: 34358446 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PRMT5 is an essential arginine methyltransferase and a therapeutic target in MTAP-null cancers. PRMT5 uses adaptor proteins for substrate recruitment through a previously undefined mechanism. Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved peptide sequence shared among the three known substrate adaptors (CLNS1A, RIOK1, and COPR5) and show that it is necessary and sufficient for interaction with PRMT5. We demonstrate that PRMT5 uses modular adaptor proteins containing a common binding motif for substrate recruitment, comparable with other enzyme classes such as kinases and E3 ligases. We structurally resolve the interface with PRMT5 and show via genetic perturbation that it is required for methylation of adaptor-recruited substrates including the spliceosome, histones, and ribosomal complexes. Furthermore, disruption of this site affects Sm spliceosome activity, leading to intron retention. Genetic disruption of the PRMT5-substrate adaptor interface impairs growth of MTAP-null tumor cells and is thus a site for development of therapeutic inhibitors of PRMT5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J Ranaghan
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Meghan O'Keefe
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam Skepner
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Donald Raymond
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Salvatore LaRussa
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David C McKinney
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Dale Porter
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Cedilla Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brian McMillan
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Tango Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William R Sellers
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Krzyzanowski A, Gasper R, Adihou H, Hart P', Waldmann H. Biochemical Investigation of the Interaction of pICln, RioK1 and COPR5 with the PRMT5-MEP50 Complex. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1908-1914. [PMID: 33624332 PMCID: PMC8252068 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The PRMT5–MEP50 methyltransferase complex plays a key role in various cancers and is regulated by different protein–protein interactions. Several proteins have been reported to act as adaptor proteins that recruit substrate proteins to the active site of PRMT5 for the methylation of arginine residues. To define the interaction between these adaptor proteins and PRMT5, we employed peptide truncation and mutation studies and prepared truncated protein constructs. We report the characterisation of the interface between the TIM barrel of PRMT5 and the adaptor proteins pICln, RioK1 and COPR5, and identify the consensus amino acid sequence GQF[D/E]DA[E/D] involved in binding. Protein crystallography revealed that the RioK1 derived peptide interacts with a novel PPI site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Krzyzanowski
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Raphael Gasper
- Crystallography and Biophysics Unit, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hélène Adihou
- AstraZeneca MPI Satellite Unit, Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter 't Hart
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
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