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Chin WC, Zhou YZ, Wang HY, Feng YT, Yang RY, Huang ZF, Yang YL. Bacterial polyynes uncovered: a journey through their bioactive properties, biosynthetic mechanisms, and sustainable production strategies. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:977-989. [PMID: 38284321 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2023Conjugated polyynes are natural compounds characterized by alternating single and triple carbon-carbon bonds, endowing them with distinct physicochemical traits and a range of biological activities. While traditionally sourced mainly from plants, recent investigations have revealed many compounds originating from bacterial strains. This review synthesizes current research on bacterial-derived conjugated polyynes, delving into their biosynthetic routes, underscoring the variety in their molecular structures, and examining their potential applications in biotechnology. Additionally, we outline future directions for metabolic and protein engineering to establish more robust and stable platforms for their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Chin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Zhi Zhou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yung Wang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Wood Based Materials and Design, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Feng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Yin Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Fang Huang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
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Kawahara D, Kai K. Disproof of the Structures and Biosynthesis of Ergoynes, Gs-Polyyne-l-Ergothioneine Cycloadducts from Gynuella sunshinyii YC6258. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5715-5725. [PMID: 38593068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Some bacteria produce "bacterial polyynes" bearing a conjugated C≡C bond that starts with a terminal alkyne. Ergoynes A and B have been reported as sulfur-containing metabolites from Gynuella sunshinyii YC6258. These compounds were thought to be formed by cycloaddition between a bacterial polyyne (named Gs-polyyne) and l-ergothioneine. The biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which may contribute to their synthesis, were present in the YC6258 genome. The biosynthetic origin of Gs-polyyne is interesting considering its rare 2-isopentyl fatty acyl skeleton. Here, the structures and biosynthesis of Gs-polyyne and ergoynes were verified by analytical, chemical, and genetic techniques. In the YC6258 extract, which was prepared considering their instability, Gs-polyyne was detected as a major LC peak, and ergoynes were not detected. The NMR data of the isolated Gs-polyyne contradicted the proposed structure and identified it as the previously reported protegenin A. The expression of Gs-polyyne BGC in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) also yielded protegenin A. The cyclization between protegenin A and l-ergothioneine did not proceed during sample preparation; a base, such as potassium carbonate, was required. Overall, Gs-polyyne was identified as protegenin A, while ergoynes were determined to be artifacts. This cyclization may provide a derivatization to stabilize polyynes or create new chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kawahara
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Suenaga M, Katayama N, Kitamura K, Kai K. Structures and Biosynthesis of Caryoynencins, Unstable Bacterial Polyynes from Pseudomonas protegens Recombinant Expressing the cayG Gene. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16280-16291. [PMID: 37947517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria in certain genera can produce "bacterial polyynes" that contain a conjugated C≡C bond starting from a terminal alkyne. Protegenin A is a derivative of octadecanoic acid that contains an ene-tetrayne moiety. It was discovered in Pseudomonas protegens Cab57 and exhibits strong antioomycete and moderate antifungal activity. By introducing cayG, a cytochrome P450 gene from Burkholderia caryophylli, into P. protegens Cab57, protegenin A was converted into more complex polyynes, caryoynencins A-E. A purification method that minimized the degradation and isomerization of caryoynencins was established. For the first time, as far as we know, the 1H and 13C{1H} NMR signals of caryoynencins were completely assigned by analyzing the NMR data of the isolated compounds and protegenin A enriched with [1-13C]- or [2-13C]-acetate. Through the structural analysis of caryoynencins D/E and bioconversion experiments, we observed that CayG constructs the allyl alcohol moiety of caryoynencins A-C through sequential hydroxylation, dehydration, and hydroxylation. The recombinant strain exhibited a stronger antioomycete activity compared to the wild-type strain. This paper proposes a stable purification and structural determination method for various bacterial polyynes, and P. protegens Cab57 holds promise as an engineering host for the production of biologically active polyynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuna Suenaga
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Naoka Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kokoro Kitamura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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