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Carter H, Costa RM, Adams TS, Gilchrist T, Emch CE, Bame M, Oldham JM, Linderholm AL, Noth I, Kaminski N, Moore BB, Gurczynski SJ. Dendritic Cell - Fibroblast Crosstalk via TLR9 and AHR Signaling Drives Lung Fibrogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.15.584457. [PMID: 38559175 PMCID: PMC10980010 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.15.584457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive scarring and loss of lung function. With limited treatment options, patients succumb to the disease within 2-5 years. The molecular pathogenesis of IPF regarding the immunologic changes that occur is poorly understood. We characterize a role for non-canonical aryl-hydrocarbon receptor signaling (ncAHR) in dendritic cells (DCs) that leads to production of IL-6 and IL-17, promoting fibrosis. TLR9 signaling in myofibroblasts is shown to regulate production of TDO2 which converts tryptophan into the endogenous AHR ligand kynurenine. Mice with augmented ncAHR signaling were created by crossing floxed AHR exon-2 deletion mice (AHR Δex2 ) with mice harboring a CD11c-Cre. Bleomycin was used to study fibrotic pathogenesis. Isolated CD11c+ cells and primary fibroblasts were treated ex-vivo with relevant TLR agonists and AHR modulating compounds to study how AHR signaling influenced inflammatory cytokine production. Human datasets were also interrogated. Inhibition of all AHR signaling rescued fibrosis, however, AHR Δex2 mice treated with bleomycin developed more fibrosis and DCs from these mice were hyperinflammatory and profibrotic upon adoptive transfer. Treatment of fibrotic fibroblasts with TLR9 agonist increased expression of TDO2. Study of human samples corroborate the relevance of these findings in IPF patients. We also, for the first time, identify that AHR exon-2 floxed mice retain capacity for ncAHR signaling.
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2
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Liu B, Wang Y, Han G, Zhu M. Tolerogenic dendritic cells in radiation-induced lung injury. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1323676. [PMID: 38259434 PMCID: PMC10800505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication associated with radiotherapy. It is characterized by early-stage radiation pneumonia and subsequent radiation pulmonary fibrosis. However, there is currently a lack of effective therapeutic strategies for radiation-induced lung injury. Recent studies have shown that tolerogenic dendritic cells interact with regulatory T cells and/or regulatory B cells to stimulate the production of immunosuppressive molecules, control inflammation, and prevent overimmunity. This highlights a potential new therapeutic activity of tolerogenic dendritic cells in managing radiation-induced lung injury. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of tolerogenic dendritic cells in the context of radiation-induced lung injury, which will be valuable for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yilong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Maoxiang Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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3
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Kletukhina S, Mutallapova G, Titova A, Gomzikova M. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911212. [PMID: 36232511 PMCID: PMC9569825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial fibrotic disease that leads to disability and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. The concept of aberrant regeneration of the pulmonary epithelium reveals the pathogenesis of IPF, according to which repeated damage and death of alveolar epithelial cells is the main mechanism leading to the development of progressive IPF. Cell death provokes the migration, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, which overproduce extracellular matrix, resulting in fibrotic deformity of the lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapies for pulmonary fibrosis. MSCs, and EVs derived from MSCs, modulate the activity of immune cells, inhibit the expression of profibrotic genes, reduce collagen deposition and promote the repair of damaged lung tissue. This review considers the molecular mechanisms of the development of IPF and the multifaceted role of MSCs in the therapy of IPF. Currently, EVs-MSCs are regarded as a promising cell-free therapy tool, so in this review we discuss the results available to date of the use of EVs-MSCs for lung tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevindzh Kletukhina
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Mutallapova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Angelina Titova
- Morphology and General Pathology Department, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Gomzikova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-917-8572269
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4
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Chatterjee S, Chatterjee A, Jana S, Dey S, Roy H, Das MK, Alam J, Adhikary A, Chowdhury A, Biswas A, Manna D, Bhattacharyya A. Transforming growth factor beta orchestrates PD-L1 enrichment in tumor-derived exosomes and mediates CD8 T-cell dysfunction regulating early phosphorylation of TCR signalome in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:38-47. [PMID: 32832992 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells promote immune evasion through upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) that binds with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) on cytotoxic T cells and promote dysfunction. Though therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD1 antibody has remarkable effects on different type of cancers it is less effective in breast cancer (BC). Hence, more details understanding of PD-L1-mediated immune evasion is necessary. Here, we report BC cells secrete extracellular vesicles in form of exosomes carry PD-L1 and are highly immunosuppressive. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) present in tumor microenvironment orchestrates BC cell secreted exosomal PD-L1 load. Circulating exosomal PD-L1 content is highly correlated with tumor TGF-β level. The later also found to be significantly associated with CD8+CD39+, CD8+PD1+ T-cell phenotype. Recombinant TGF-β1 dose dependently induces PD-L1 expression in Texos in vitro and blocking of TGF-β dimmed exosomal PD-L1 level. PD-L1 knocked down exosomes failed to suppress effector activity of activated CD8 T cells like tumor exosomes. While understanding its effect on T-cell receptor signaling, we found siPD-L1 exosomes failed to block phosphorylation of src family proteins, linker for activation of T cells and phosphoinositide phospholipase Cγ of CD8 T cells more than PD-L1 exosomes. In vivo inhibition of exosome release and TGF-β synergistically attenuates tumor burden by promoting Granzyme and interferon gamma release in tumor tissue depicting rejuvenation of exhausted T cells. Thus, we establish TGF-β as a promoter of exosomal PD-L1 and unveil a mechanism that tumor cells follow to promote CD8 T-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Chatterjee
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Annesha Chatterjee
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Samir Jana
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhasis Dey
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Department of Chemistry, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Himansu Roy
- Department of Surgery, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mrinal Kanti Das
- Department of Surgery, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jahirul Alam
- Department of Surgery, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindya Adhikary
- Department of Pathology, Purulia Government Medical College & Hospital, Purulia, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhisek Chowdhury
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Biswas
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasis Manna
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Department of Chemistry, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Arindam Bhattacharyya
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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5
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van Geffen C, Deißler A, Quante M, Renz H, Hartl D, Kolahian S. Regulatory Immune Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Friends or Foes? Front Immunol 2021; 12:663203. [PMID: 33995390 PMCID: PMC8120991 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.663203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is receiving increasing attention for interstitial lung diseases, as knowledge on its role in fibrosis development and response to therapies is expanding. Uncontrolled immune responses and unbalanced injury-inflammation-repair processes drive the initiation and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The regulatory immune system plays important roles in controlling pathogenic immune responses, regulating inflammation and modulating the transition of inflammation to fibrosis. This review aims to summarize and critically discuss the current knowledge on the potential role of regulatory immune cells, including mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, we review the emerging role of regulatory immune cells in anti-fibrotic therapy and lung transplantation. A comprehensive understanding of immune regulation could pave the way towards new therapeutic or preventive approaches in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiel van Geffen
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Astrid Deißler
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Quante
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Hartl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Dominik Hartl, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saeed Kolahian
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
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6
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Tang PCT, Chan ASW, Zhang CB, García Córdoba CA, Zhang YY, To KF, Leung KT, Lan HY, Tang PMK. TGF-β1 Signaling: Immune Dynamics of Chronic Kidney Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:628519. [PMID: 33718407 PMCID: PMC7948440 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.628519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing a great burden on the healthcare system. Regrettably, effective CKD therapeutic strategies are yet available due to their elusive pathogenic mechanisms. CKD is featured by progressive inflammation and fibrosis associated with immune cell dysfunction, leading to the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment, which ultimately exacerbating renal fibrosis. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is an indispensable immunoregulator promoting CKD progression by controlling the activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of immunocytes via both canonical and non-canonical pathways. More importantly, recent studies have uncovered a new mechanism of TGF-β1 for de novo generation of myofibroblast via macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT). This review will update the versatile roles of TGF-β signaling in the dynamics of renal immunity, a better understanding may facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies against CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alex Siu-Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Cai-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Cristina Alexandra García Córdoba
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Lim CS, Porter DW, Orandle MS, Green BJ, Barnes MA, Croston TL, Wolfarth MG, Battelli LA, Andrew ME, Beezhold DH, Siegel PD, Ma Q. Resolution of Pulmonary Inflammation Induced by Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerenes in Mice: Role of Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1186. [PMID: 32595644 PMCID: PMC7303302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary exposure to certain engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) causes chronic lesions like fibrosis and cancer in animal models as a result of unresolved inflammation. Resolution of inflammation involves the time-dependent biosynthesis of lipid mediators (LMs)-in particular, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). To understand how ENM-induced pulmonary inflammation is resolved, we analyzed the inflammatory and pro-resolving responses to fibrogenic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, Mitsui-7) and low-toxicity fullerenes (fullerene C60, C60F). Pharyngeal aspiration of MWCNTs at 40 μg/mouse or C60F at a dose above 640 μg/mouse elicited pulmonary effects in B6C3F1 mice. Both ENMs stimulated acute inflammation, predominated by neutrophils, in the lung at day 1, which transitioned to histiocytic inflammation by day 7. By day 28, the lesion in MWCNT-exposed mice progressed to fibrotic granulomas, whereas it remained as alveolar histiocytosis in C60F-exposed mice. Flow cytometric profiling of whole lung lavage (WLL) cells revealed that neutrophil recruitment was the greatest at day 1 and declined to 36.6% of that level in MWCNT- and 16.8% in C60F-treated mice by day 7, and to basal levels by day 28, suggesting a rapid initiation phase and an extended resolution phase. Both ENMs induced high levels of proinflammatory leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) with peaks at day 1, and high levels of SPMs resolvin D1 (RvD1) and E1 (RvE1) with peaks at day 7. MWCNTs and C60F induced time-dependent polarization of M1 macrophages with a peak at day 1 and subsequently of M2 macrophages with a peak at day 7 in the lung, accompanied by elevated levels of type 1 or type 2 cytokines, respectively. M1 macrophages exhibited preferential induction of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP), whereas M2 macrophages had a high level expression of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15). Polarization of macrophages in vitro differentially induced ALOX5AP in M1 macrophages or ALOX15 in M2 macrophages resulting in increased preferential biosynthesis of proinflammatory LMs or SPMs. MWCNTs increased the M1- or M2-specific production of LMs accordingly. These findings support a mechanism by which persistent ENM-induced neutrophilic inflammation is actively resolved through time-dependent polarization of macrophages and enhanced biosynthesis of specialized LMs via distinct ALOX pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chol Seung Lim
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Dale W. Porter
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Marlene S. Orandle
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Brett J. Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Mark A. Barnes
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Tara L. Croston
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Michael G. Wolfarth
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Lori A. Battelli
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Michael E. Andrew
- Bioanalytics Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Donald H. Beezhold
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Paul D. Siegel
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Qiang Ma
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
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8
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Kania G, Rudnik M, Distler O. Involvement of the myeloid cell compartment in fibrogenesis and systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 15:288-302. [PMID: 30953037 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease of unknown aetiology that is characterized by vascular changes in the skin and visceral organs. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve skin and organ fibrosis in patients with progressive disease and a high risk of organ failure, indicating that cells originating in the bone marrow are important contributors to the pathogenesis of SSc. Animal studies also indicate a pivotal function of myeloid cells in the development of fibrosis leading to changes in the tissue architecture and dysfunction in multiple organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidney. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge about the function of myeloid cells in fibrogenesis that occurs in patients with SSc. Targeted therapies currently in clinical studies for SSc might affect myeloid cell-related pathways. Therefore, myeloid cells might be used as cellular biomarkers of disease through the application of high-dimensional techniques such as mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kania
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Rudnik
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Chakraborty K, Dey A, Bhattacharyya A, Dasgupta SC. Anti-fibrotic effect of black tea (Camellia sinensis) extract in experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Tissue Cell 2019; 56:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Brown M, O'Reilly S. The immunopathogenesis of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 195:310-321. [PMID: 30430560 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune disease. It is characterized by a triad of hallmarks: immune dysfunction, fibrosis and vasculopathy. Immune dysfunction in SSc is characterized by the activation and recruitment of immune cells and the production of autoantibodies and cytokines. How immune abnormalities link the fibrosis and vasculopathy in SSc is poorly understood. A plethora of immune cell types are implicated in the immunopathogenesis of SSc, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, mast cells and macrophages. How these different cell types interact to contribute to SSc is complicated, and can involve cell-to-cell interactions and communication via cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-4. We will attempt to review significant and recent research demonstrating the importance of immune cell regulation in the immunopathogenesis of SSc with a particular focus on fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brown
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S O'Reilly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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11
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Chakraborty K, Chatterjee S, Bhattacharyya A. Impact of Treg on other T cell subsets in progression of fibrosis in experimental lung fibrosis. Tissue Cell 2018; 53:87-92. [PMID: 30060832 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible, progressive and lethal lung disease. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th17 cells both are involved in lung fibrosis. But there are only few reports regarding the effect of Treg on other T cell subsets in experimental lung fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Treg on Th17, CD4+CD28-T, CD4+CD28+T and CD8 + T cell subsets that could drive lung fibrosis. To reach the goal of our study, first we depleted Tregs by anti-CD25 mAb injection in experimental C57BL/6 mice model. It has been demonstrated in our study that depletion of Treg ameliorates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by immune modulating Th17 and other important T cell subsets response in lung. Our flow cytometry data revealed that the percentages of Th17, CD4+CD28-T, CD4+CD28+T and CD8 + T cell subsets were decreased in experimental lung fibrosis after Treg depletion. We also observed significant downregulation of IL-17 A in Treg-depleted mice after bleomycin delivery. In addition, the study also suggested that Treg depletion led to considerable upregulation of IFN-γ after bleomycin administration. Therefore, Th17 cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4+CD28- and CD4+CD28+ T cell subsets all are controlled by regulatory T cell, help in progression of fibrosis in experimental lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustav Chakraborty
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Soumya Chatterjee
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Arindam Bhattacharyya
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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12
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Affandi AJ, Carvalheiro T, Radstake TRDJ, Marut W. Dendritic cells in systemic sclerosis: Advances from human and mice studies. Immunol Lett 2017; 195:18-29. [PMID: 29126878 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex heterogeneous fibrotic autoimmune disease with an unknown exact etiology, and characterized by three hallmarks: fibrosis, vasculopathy, and immune dysfunction. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized cells in pathogen sensing with high potency of antigen presentation and capable of releasing mediators to shape the immune response. Altered DCs distributions and their impaired functions may account for their role in breaking the immune tolerance and driving inflammation in SSc, and the direct contribution of DCs in promoting endothelial dysfunction and fibrotic process has only begun to be understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in particular have been implicated due to their high production of type I interferon as well as other cytokines and chemokines, including the pro-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic CXCL4. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of human and mouse DC biology has clarified their identification and function in different tissues, and novel DC subsets have only recently been discovered. In this review, we highlight key findings and recent advances exploring DC role in the pathogenesis of SSc and other related autoimmune diseases, and consideration of their potential use as targeted therapy in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsya J Affandi
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago Carvalheiro
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wioleta Marut
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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