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Toshida K, Itoh S, Iseda N, Izumi T, Bekki Y, Yoshiya S, Toshima T, Iwasaki T, Oda Y, Yoshizumi T. The Association of Transferrin Receptor with Prognosis and Biologic Role in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-16065-3. [PMID: 39179864 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-16065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a cell death caused by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxidation. Transferrin receptor (TFR) is a ferroptosis-related protein responsible for iron transport. The detailed biologic role of TFR in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is not fully elucidated. METHODS The study enrolled 92 ICC patients who had undergone hepatic resection. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed for TFR protein expression. The regulation of malignant activity and the effect on sensitivity to the ferroptosis-inducer artesunate by TFR were investigated in vitro. RESULTS Using IHC staining, 23 patients were categorized as TFR-positive. The TFR-positive group had a significantly larger tumor size and more microscopic vascular invasion. In the multivariate analysis, TFR positivity was an independent poor prognostic factor. In vitro TFR-knockdown (KD) significantly decreased the intracellular iron levels and the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion rates. Artesunate treatment significantly decreased cell viability, whereas cisplatin promoted ferroptosis. When iron transport into cells was inhibited by TFR-KD, ferroptosis was significantly suppressed. Expression of PD-L1 was induced by cisplatin, with a further increase observed when artesunate and cisplatin were used in combination. CONCLUSIONS Transferrin receptor is a poor prognostic factor for ICC and contributes to sensitivity to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Toshida
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Itoh
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Norifumi Iseda
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuma Izumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Bekki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohei Yoshiya
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeo Toshima
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yao S, Liu X, Feng Y, Li Y, Xiao X, Han Y, Xia S. Unveiling the Role of HGF/c-Met Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9101. [PMID: 39201787 PMCID: PMC11354629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by several molecular alterations that contribute to its development and progression. These alterations include the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET). Among these, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET signaling pathway plays a crucial role in NSCLC. In spite of this, the involvement of the HGF/c-MET signaling axis in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains relatively unexplored. This review explores the biological functions of the HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in both normal and cancerous cells, examining its multifaceted roles in the NSCLC tumor microenvironment, including tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Furthermore, we summarize the current progress and clinical applications of MET-targeted therapies in NSCLC and discuss future research directions, such as the development of novel MET inhibitors and the potential of combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shu Xia
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.L.); (X.X.); (Y.H.)
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Wang M, Lin C, Jia X, Fang D, Gao Q, Han C. HGF/c-Met signaling promotes the migration and proliferation of deer antler MSCs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11121. [PMID: 37429874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The complete regeneration of deer antlers is based on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of antlers have an important role in antler regeneration and rapid growth and development. HGF is mainly synthesized and secreted by mesenchymal cells. After binding to its receptor c-Met, which transduces signals into cells to stimulate cell proliferation and migration in various organs to promote tissue morphogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the role and mechanism of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway on antler MSCs are still unclear. In this study, we established antler MSCs with overexpression and interference of HGF gene by lentivirus and small interference RNA, observed the effect of HGF/c-Met signal pathway on the proliferation and migration of antler MSCs, and detected the expression of downstream related signal pathway genes, to explore the mechanism of HGF/c-MET signal pathway on the proliferation and migration of antler MSCs. The results showed that the HGF/c-Met signal affects the expression of RAS, ERK and MEK genes, regulates the proliferation of pilose antler MSCs through Ras/Raf, MEK/ERK pathway, affects the expression of Gab1, Grb2, AKT and PI3K genes, and regulates the migration of MSCs of pilose antler through Gab1/Grb2 and PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China
| | - Chuan Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China
| | - Di Fang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China
| | - Qinhua Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China
| | - Chunmei Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, 843300, China.
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Hamaya S, Oura K, Morishita A, Masaki T. Cisplatin in Liver Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10858. [PMID: 37446035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and is often diagnosed at an unresectable advanced stage. Systemic chemotherapy as well as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) are used to treat advanced HCC. TACE and HAIC have long been the standard of care for patients with unresectable HCC but are limited to the treatment of intrahepatic lesions. Systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin or chemohormonal therapy with tamoxifen have also been considered, but neither has demonstrated survival benefits. In the treatment of unresectable advanced HCC, cisplatin is administered transhepatic arterially for local treatment. Subsequently, for cisplatin-refractory cases due to drug resistance, a shift to systemic therapy with a different mechanism of action is expected to produce new antitumor effects. Cisplatin is also used for the treatment of liver tumors other than HCC. This review summarizes the action and resistance mechanism of cisplatin and describes the treatment of the major hepatobiliary cancers for which cisplatin is used as an anticancer agent, with a focus on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hamaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
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Ma XL, Nie YY, Xie SH, Zheng H, Tong Y, Wang YC, Yan TQ, Meng X, Cao JZ, Tang WG, Guo L, Lu RQ. ASAP2 interrupts c-MET-CIN85 interaction to sustain HGF/c-MET-induced malignant potentials in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 37061723 PMCID: PMC10105420 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained activation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET signaling is a major driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, but underlying mechanism is unclear. ArfGAP With SH3 Domain, Ankyrin Repeat And PH Domain 2 (ASAP2) can reportedly activate GTPases and promote receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. However, the exact role of ASAP2 in HCC, especially for c-MET activation, also remains elusive. METHODS ASAP2 expression levels in HCC tissues and cells were quantified using qRT-PCR, western blot (WB) analysis, and immunohistochemistry staining. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation rates. Flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess apoptosis rates. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to determine cell migration and invasion capacities. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related marker expression levels were also examined. Subcutaneous implantation and tail vein injection models were applied for in vivo growth and metastasis evaluations, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas and STRING datasets were performed to explore ASAP2 downstream signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation and Cycloheximide chasing experiments were performed to assess protein-protein interactions and protein half-life, respectively. RESULTS ASAP2 had higher expression levels in HCC tissues than in normal liver, and also predicted poor prognosis. Knocking down ASAP2 significantly impaired cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities, but promoted apoptosis in HCC cells in vitro. However, overexpression of ASAP2 achieved the opposite effects. In vivo experiments confirmed that ASAP2 could promote HCC cell growth and facilitate lung metastasis. Interestingly, ASAP2 was essential for triggering EMT. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that c-MET signaling was greatly enriched in ASAP2-high HCC cases. Additionally, c-MET signaling activity was significantly decreased following ASAP knockdown, evidenced by reduced c-MET, p-AKT, and p-ERK1/2 protein levels. Importantly, ASAP2 knockdown effectively attenuated HGF/c-MET signaling-induced malignant phenotypes. c-MET and ASAP2 expression levels were positively correlated in our cohort. Mechanistically, ASAP2 can directly bind to CIN85, thereby disrupting its interaction with c-MET, and can thus antagonize CIN85-induced c-MET internalization and lysosome-mediated degradation. Notably, knocking down CIN85 can rescue the observed inhibitory effects caused by ASAP2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of ASAP2 in sustaining c-MET signaling, which can facilitate HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Yan Nie
- Shanghai Lab. Animal Research Center, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Su-Hong Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Chun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tian-Qing Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Zhen Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei-Guo Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ren-Quan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Gao ZX, Zhang ZS, Qin J, Zhang MZ, Cao JL, Li YY, Wang MQ, Hou LL, Fang D, Xie SQ. Aucubin enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin through the inhibition of PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154715. [PMID: 36821999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. However, the anticancer effects of aucubin against HCC have yet to be reported. Cisplatin often decreased CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment through increasing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which seriously affected the prognostic effect of cisplatin in the treatment of patients with HCC. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a novel therapeutic avenue to increase the sensitivity of cisplatin against HCC. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of aucubin on HCC, and also to reveal the synergistic effects and mechanism of aucubin and cisplatin against HCC. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An H22 xenograft mouse model was established for the in vivo experiments. Cancer cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. RT-qPCR was performed to analyze CD274 mRNA expression in vitro. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of the PD-L1, p-Akt, Akt, p-β-catenin, and β-catenin in vitro. Immunofluorescence was carried out to examine β-catenin nuclear accumulation in HCC cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect tumoral PD-L1 and CD8α expression in xenograft mouse model. RESULTS Aucubin inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft HCC mouse model, but did not affect HCC cell viability in vitro. Aucubin treatment significantly inhibited PD-L1 expression through inactivating Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC cells. Overexpression of PD-L1 dramatically reversed aucubin-mediated tumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and alleviated the antitumor activity of aucubin in xenograft mouse model. Moreover, Cisplatin could induce the expression of PD-L1 through the activation of the Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC cells, which can be blocked by aucubin in vitro. In xenograft mouse model, cisplatin treatment induced PD-L1 expression and alleviated the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment. Aucubin not only abrogated cisplatin-induced PD-L1 expression but also enhanced the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in a mouse xenograft model of HCC. CONCLUSION Aucubin exerts antitumor activity against HCC and also enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin by suppressing the Akt/β-catenin/PD-L1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Gao
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhan-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jin-Lan Cao
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Meng-Qing Wang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Li-Li Hou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Song-Qiang Xie
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Wang T, Shi J, Li L, Zhou X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu L, Sheng L. Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Inter-Tumor Heterogeneity in Bilateral Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840811. [PMID: 35515000 PMCID: PMC9065345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), yet the composition and the phenotype of cells within the TME in bilateral PTC are poorly understood. Methods We performed unbiased transcriptome-wide single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on 29,561 cells from 3 pairs of bilateral PTC and 1 non-tumor thyroid sample. The results of the analysis were validated by a large-scale bulk transcriptomic dataset deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results Our integrative analysis of thyroid follicular cells revealed 42 signaling pathways enriched in malignant follicular cells, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. A 6-gene signature (CXCL3, CXCL1, IL1A, CCL5, TNFRSF12A, and IL18) in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway was constructed to predict the prognosis of patients with PTC, with high risk scores being associated with decreased overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.863, 95% CI = 2.233-6.682, p < 0.001]. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) indicated that the pathways enriched in bilateral PTC were significantly different, indicating great heterogeneity in bilateral PTC, even with the same BRAF V600E mutation. Comprehensive analysis of T cells revealed that the proportion of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells expressing IFNG decreased in tumor samples with advanced N stage. Within the myeloid compartment, the ratio of suppressive M2-like to pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages increased with advanced disease stage, which was confirmed in the bulk dataset using transcriptomic profiles. In addition, we also identified numerous biologically critical interactions among myeloid cells, T cells, and follicular cells, which were related to T-cell recruitment, M2-like macrophage polarization, malignant follicular cell progression, and T-cell inhibitory signaling. Conclusion Our integrative analyses revealed great inter-tumor heterogeneity within the TME in bilateral PTC, which will offer assistance for precise diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Luchuan Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Scientific Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Yamaguchi H, Hsu JM, Yang WH, Hung MC. Mechanisms regulating PD-L1 expression in cancers and associated opportunities for novel small-molecule therapeutics. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:287-305. [DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Yang Y, Li G, Lu Z, Liu Y, Kong J, Liu J. Progression of Prothrombin Induced by Vitamin K Absence-II in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:726213. [PMID: 34900676 PMCID: PMC8660097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.726213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Due to the lack of efficient tools for early detection, asymptomatic HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. To improve survival, serum biomarker prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) was under investigation. PIVKA-II is an abnormal protein produced in HCC. The coagulation function was insufficient due to the lack of Gla residues. Elevated PIVKA-II was associated with bad tumor behavior in terms of proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. Three major signaling pathways were proposed to clarify the mechanism. With the advantages including affordability, minimal invasiveness, convenience, and efficiency, PIVKA-II could improve HCC management consisting of four aspects. First, PIVKA-II was an effective and dynamic tool for improving HCC surveillance in high-risk population. Changes in the serum levels of PIVKA-II provided valuable molecular alteration information before imaging discovery. Second, PIVKA-II offered a complementary approach for HCC early detection. Compared to traditional diagnostic approaches, the combination of PIVKA-II and other biomarkers had better performance. Third, PIVKA-II was an indicator for the assessment of response to treatment in HCC. Preoperative assessment was for selecting personalized therapy, and postoperative measurement was for assessing treatment efficacy. Fourth, PIVKA-II was considered as a prognostic predictor for HCC. Patients with elevated PIVKA-II were more likely to develop microvascular invasion, metastasis, and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangbing Li
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junjie Kong
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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