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Kim WC, Hirsch G, Kells C, Quraishi AUR, Bishop H, Kidwai B, Title L, Beydoun H, Sandila N, Sumaya W, Elkhateeb O. Single-Centre Registry Analysis of Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Their Coronary Bypass Grafts. CJC Open 2024; 6:548-555. [PMID: 38559334 PMCID: PMC10980898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study assessed the outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to bypass grafts, focusing on all-cause mortality and target vessel failure (TVF) rates. Methods A single-centre registry analysis included 364 patients who underwent PCI on coronary bypass grafts between 2008 and 2019. The study analyzed all-cause mortality and TVF, which encompassed target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, and medically treated occluded target graft post-PCI. Results The median age of the patients was 71 years (interquartile range: [IQR] 65-78), with 82.1% being male. Most patients (94.8%) received PCI on saphenous vein grafts, and the median graft age was 13.0 years (IQR: 8.4-17.6). Drug-eluting stents were used more frequently (54.4%) than bare-metal stents (45.6%), with a median stent diameter of 3.5 mm (IQR: 3-4) and length of 19 mm (IQR: 18-28). Outcome differences were not significant for PCI sites (aorto-ostial, graft body, anastomosis), use of drug-eluting stents, or use of protection devices. The 1-year mortality rate was 3.3%, whereas the combined rate of TVF or death was 20.3%. After 5 years, the mortality rate increased to 14.9%, and the combined TVF or death rate rose to 40.3%. Multivariable analyses revealed that chronic kidney disease was independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-2.61, P = 0.007), whereas hypertension (HR 2.42, 95% CI 1.32-4.42, P = 0.004) and increased stent length (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, P = 0.007) were independently associated with the TVF-or-mortality outcome. Conclusions Patients undergoing PCI to bypass grafts experience considerable adverse outcomes over a 5-year period, highlighting the need for further strategies in managing this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Cheol Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gregory Hirsch
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Catherine Kells
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ata-Ur-Rehman Quraishi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Helen Bishop
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Bakhtiar Kidwai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lawrence Title
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hussein Beydoun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Navjot Sandila
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Wael Sumaya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Osama Elkhateeb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Garg A, Rout A, Tayal R, Sharma A, Agrawal S, Kostis JB, Cohen M, Sharma S, Wasty N. Drug-eluting Stents Versus Bare-metal Stents for Saphenous Vein Graft Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies With Longer Follow-up. Curr Probl Cardiol 2019; 46:100405. [PMID: 30792045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Randomized controlled trials comparing drug eluting stents (DES) with bare-metal stents (BMS) for saphenous vein graft (SVG) interventions have shown conflicting results. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the cumulative evidence for long-term efficacy and safety of DES vs BMS in SVG lesions. A systematic search was conducted of Randomized controlled trials comparing DES vs BMS in patients undergoing percutaneous interventions for SVG lesions. End-points of interest were all-cause death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization and target vessel revascularization at longest available follow-up. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals for individual end-points. Seven studies with 1639 patients were included in the final analysis. Mean follow-up period was 32 months. Compared with BMS, DES was associated with similar risks of all-cause death (risk ratio 1.06; 95% confidence intervals 0.76-1.48) and cardiac death (0.95; 0.59-1.54). Similarly, there were no differences between DES and BMS in terms of myocardial infarction (0.81; 0.50-1.29), target vessel revascularization (0.73; 0.48-1.110 or target lesion revascularization (1.05; 0.76-1.43). Current analysis suggests no strong evidence for routine DES use in patients undergoing SVG intervention. Future studies should evaluate if SVG lesion characteristics could influence these results.
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Uskela S, Kärkkäinen JM, Eränen J, Siljander A, Mäntylä P, Mustonen J, Rissanen TT. Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐coated balloon‐only strategy in stable coronary artery disease and in acute coronary syndromes: An all‐comers registry study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 93:893-900. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Uskela
- Heart CenterCentral Hospital of North Karelia Joensuu Finland
| | | | - Jaakko Eränen
- Heart CenterCentral Hospital of North Karelia Joensuu Finland
| | | | - Pirjo Mäntylä
- Heart CenterCentral Hospital of North Karelia Joensuu Finland
| | - Juha Mustonen
- Heart CenterCentral Hospital of North Karelia Joensuu Finland
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Shavelle DM, Banerjee S, Maini B, Schreiber TL, Kapasi N, O'Neill WW, Popma J, Matthews RV. Comparison of Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Native Coronary Arteries Versus on Saphenous Venous Aorta Coronary Conduits in Patients With Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Impella Device Implantation Achieved or Attempted (from the PROTECT II Randomized Trial and the cVAD Registry). Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:966-972. [PMID: 30057231 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) represent a high-risk cohort given associated medical conditions and worse outcome of saphenous vein graft compared with native vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The goal of the current analysis was to compare clinical outcomes in 591 patients with and without prior CABG and multivessel coronary artery disease or unprotected left main disease and severely reduced left ventricular systolic function underwent Impella supported PCI from the PROTECT II randomized trial and the cVAD Registry. Patients with prior CABG surgery (n = 201) were compared with those without prior CABG surgery (n = 390). The primary end point of this analysis was overall mortality at 30 days. Patients with prior CABG surgery had greater Society of Thoracic Surgery mortality score compared with patients without prior CABG surgery, 7.6 ± 6.4 versus 5.1 ± 5.5, respectively, p <0.001. Saphenous vein graft PCI was performed in 17% of patients with prior CABG surgery. Number of vessels treated was lower in patients with prior CABG surgery compared with patients without prior CABG surgery, 1.66 ± 0.56 versus 1.89 ± 0.64, respectively, p <0.001. Achievement of TIMI 3 flow post PCI and overall PCI success was similar in the two groups. Overall mortality at 30 days was similar in patients with prior CABG surgery compared with patients without prior CABG surgery, 6.75% versus 6.61%, respectively, p = 1.0. In conclusion, in this high-risk cohort of patients underwent hemodynamically supported PCI, prior CABG surgery was not associated with worse outcome. The use of hemodynamic support appears to mitigate the increased risk of PCI associated with prior CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Shavelle
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Subhash Banerjee
- Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Neel Kapasi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Jeffrey Popma
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ray V Matthews
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Picard F, Marquis-Gravel G, Avram R, Ly HQ, Dorval JF, Doucet S, de Hemptinne Q, L'allier PL, Tanguay JF. Everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold implantation to treat saphenous vein graft disease, single-center initial experience. J Interv Cardiol 2017; 30:433-439. [DOI: 10.1111/joic.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Picard
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Guillaume Marquis-Gravel
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Robert Avram
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Hung Q. Ly
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Jean-François Dorval
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Serge Doucet
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Quentin de Hemptinne
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Philippe L. L'allier
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
| | - Jean-François Tanguay
- Interventional Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Montreal Heart Institute; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
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McKavanagh P, Yanagawa B, Zawadowski G, Cheema A. Management and Prevention of Saphenous Vein Graft Failure: A Review. Cardiol Ther 2017; 6:203-223. [PMID: 28748523 PMCID: PMC5688971 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-017-0094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains a vital treatment for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD), especially diabetics. The long-term benefit of the internal thoracic artery graft is well established and remains the gold standard for revascularization of severe CAD. It is not always possible to achieve complete revascularization through arterial grafts, necessitating the use of saphenous vein grafts (SVG). Unfortunately, SVGs do not have the same longevity, and their failure is associated with significant adverse cardiac outcomes and mortality. This paper reviews the pathogenesis of SVG failure, highlighting the difference between early, intermediate, and late failure. It also addresses the different surgical techniques that affect the incidence of SVG failure, as well as the medical and percutaneous prevention and treatment options in contemporary practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter McKavanagh
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Center, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Bobby Yanagawa
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Center, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - George Zawadowski
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Center, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Asim Cheema
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Center, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Puri R, Bertrand OF. Is It Still Worth the Pain to "Drain" Stenosed Saphenous Veins?: Appraising Native Coronary Artery Versus Bypass Graft Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 9:894-6. [PMID: 27085572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Puri
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Olivier F Bertrand
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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