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Nieman K, García-García HM, Hideo-Kajita A, Collet C, Dey D, Pugliese F, Weissman G, Tijssen JGP, Leipsic J, Opolski MP, Ferencik M, Lu MT, Williams MC, Bruining N, Blanco PJ, Maurovich-Horvat P, Achenbach S. Standards for quantitative assessments by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA): An expert consensus document of the society of cardiovascular computed tomography (SCCT). J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2024:S1934-5925(24)00341-1. [PMID: 38849237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2024.05.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In current clinical practice, qualitative or semi-quantitative measures are primarily used to report coronary artery disease on cardiac CT. With advancements in cardiac CT technology and automated post-processing tools, quantitative measures of coronary disease severity have become more broadly available. Quantitative coronary CT angiography has great potential value for clinical management of patients, but also for research. This document aims to provide definitions and standards for the performance and reporting of quantitative measures of coronary artery disease by cardiac CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Nieman
- Stanford University School of Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Hector M García-García
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States.
| | | | - Carlos Collet
- Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis, Cardiovascular Center Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Damini Dey
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Francesca Pugliese
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London & Department of Cardiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Gaby Weissman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jan G P Tijssen
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Room G4-230, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathon Leipsic
- Department of Radiology and Medicine (Cardiology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maksymilian P Opolski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maros Ferencik
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Michael T Lu
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michelle C Williams
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nico Bruining
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stephan Achenbach
- Department of Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Pan M, Ojeda S. Medina classification since its description in 2005. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 76:146-149. [PMID: 36174924 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pan
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Soledad Ojeda
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
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Pan M, Ojeda S. La clasificación de Medina desde su descripción en 2005. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Grodecki K, Opolski MP, Staruch AD, Michalowska AM, Kepka C, Wolny R, Pregowski J, Kruk M, Debski M, Debski A, Michalowska I, Witkowski A. Comparison of Computed Tomography Angiography Versus Invasive Angiography to Assess Medina Classification in Coronary Bifurcations. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:1479-1485. [PMID: 32276762 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Medina classification is used to determine the presence of significant stenosis (≥50%) within each of the 3 arterial segments of coronary bifurcation in invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The utility of coronary computed tomography angiography (coronary CTA) for assessment of Medina classification is unknown. We aimed to compare the agreement and reproducibility of Medina classification between ICA and coronary CTA, and evaluate its ability to predict side branch (SB) occlusion following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In total 363 patients with 400 bifurcations were included, and 28 (7%) SB occlusions among 26 patients were noted. Total agreement between CTA and ICA for assessment of Medina class was poor (kappa = 0.189), and discordance between both modalities was noted in 253 (63.3%) lesions. Larger diameter ratio between main vessel and SB in CTA, and larger bifurcation angle in ICA were independently associated with discordant Medina assessment. Whereas the interobserver agreement on Medina classification in CTA was moderate (kappa = 0.557), only fair agreement (kappa = 0.346) was observed for ICA. Finally, Medina class with any proximal involvement of main vessel and SB (1.X.1) on CTA or ICA was the most predictive of SB occlusion following PCI with no significant differences between both modalities (area under the curve 0.686 vs 0.663, p = 0.693, respectively). In conclusion, Medina classification was significantly affected by the imaging modality, and coronary CTA improved reproducibility of Medina classification compared with ICA. Both CTA and ICA-derived Medina class with any involvement of the proximal main vessel and SB was predictive of SB occlusion following PCI.
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Opolski MP, Grodecki K, Staruch AD, Michalowska AM, Kepka C, Wolny R, Knaapen P, Schumacher SP, Pregowski J, Kruk M, Debski M, Debski A, Michalowska I, Witkowski A. Accuracy of RESOLVE score derived from coronary computed tomography versus visual angiography to predict side branch occlusion in percutaneous bifurcation intervention. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2019; 14:258-265. [PMID: 31806391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visually estimated angiographic V-RESOLVE score was developed as a simple and accurate prediction tool for side branch (SB) occlusion in patients undergoing coronary bifurcation intervention. Data on the use of coronary computed tomography angiography (coronary CTA) for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention in bifurcation lesions is scarce. OBJECTIVES We aimed to validate the ability of quantitative CTA-derived RESOLVE score for predicting SB occlusion in coronary bifurcation intervention and to compare its predictive value with that of the angiography-based V-RESOLVE score. METHODS We included 363 patients with 400 bifurcation lesions. Angiographic V-RESOLVE score and CTA-derived RESOLVE score were calculated utilizing the weights from the QCA-based RESOLVE score. The scoring systems were divided into quartiles, and classified as the non-high-risk group and the high-risk group. Accuracy was assessed using areas under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC). SB occlusion was defined as any decrease in Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade (including the absence of flow) in the SB after main vessel stenting. RESULTS In total, 28 SB occlusions (7%) occurred. CTA-derived RESOLVE and V-RESOLVE scores achieved comparable predictive accuracy (0.709 vs. 0.752, respectively, p = 0.531) for predicting SB occlusion, and the analysis of AUC for each constituent element of the scores did not show any significant difference between CTA and visual angiography. The total net reclassification index was -18.6% (p = 0.194), and there were no significant differences in the rates of SB occlusion in the non-high-risk group (4.9% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.510) and the high-risk group (13.8% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.384) between CTA-derived RESOLVE and V-RESOLVE scores. CONCLUSIONS The quantitative CTA-derived RESOLVE score is an accurate and reliable alternative to the visually estimated angiographic V-RESOLVE score for prediction of SB occlusion in coronary bifurcation intervention. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03709836.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian P Opolski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kajetan Grodecki
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam D Staruch
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Michalowska
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Kepka
- Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Wolny
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paul Knaapen
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stefan P Schumacher
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jerzy Pregowski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kruk
- Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Debski
- Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Debski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Adam Witkowski
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
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Pagiatakis C, Tardif JC, L'Allier PL, Mongrain R. Effect of stenosis eccentricity on the functionality of coronary bifurcation lesions-a numerical study. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 55:2079-2095. [PMID: 28500478 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Interventional cardiologists still rely heavily on angiography for the evaluation of coronary lesion severity, despite its poor correlation with the presence of ischemia. In order to improve the accuracy of the current diagnostic procedures, an understanding of the relative influence of geometric characteristics on the induction of ischemia is required. This idea is especially important for coronary bifurcation lesions (CBLs), whose treatment is complex and is associated with high rates of peri- and post-procedural clinical events. Overall, it is unclear which geometric and morphological parameters of CBLs influence the onset of ischemia. More specifically, the effect of stenosis eccentricity is unknown. Computational fluid dynamic simulations, under a geometric multiscale framework, were executed for seven CBL configurations within the left main coronary artery bifurcation. Both concentric and eccentric stenosis profiles of mild to severe constriction were considered. By using a geometric multiscale framework, the fractional flow reserve, which is the gold-standard clinical diagnostic index, could be calculated and was compared between the eccentric and concentric profiles for each case. The results suggested that for configurations where the supplying vessel is stenosed, eccentricity could have a notable effect on and therefore be an important factor that influences configuration functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Pagiatakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada. .,Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal - Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Philippe L L'Allier
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal - Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Rosaire Mongrain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada
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Role of CT Imaging for Coronary and Non-coronary Interventions. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-017-9410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Li L, Dash D, Gai LY, Cao YS, Zhao Q, Wang YR, Zhang YJ, Zhang JX. Intravascular Ultrasound Classification of Plaque in Angiographic True Bifurcation Lesions of the Left Main Coronary Artery. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 129:1538-43. [PMID: 27364789 PMCID: PMC4931259 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.184456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accurately, characterizing plaques is critical for selecting the optimal intervention strategy for the left main coronary artery (LMCA) bifurcation. Coronary angiography cannot precisely assess the location or nature of plaques in bifurcation lesions. Few intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) classification scheme has been reported for angiographic imaging of true bifurcation lesions of the unprotected LMCA thus far. In addition, the plaque composition at the bifurcation has not been elucidated. This study aimed to detect plaque composition at LMCA bifurcation lesions by IVUS. Methods: Fifty-eight patients were recruited. The location, concentricity or eccentricity, site of maximum thickness, and composition of plaques of the distal LMCA, ostial left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and, left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery were assessed using IVUS and described using illustrative diagrams. Results: True bifurcation lesions of the unprotected LMCA were classified into four types: Type A, with continuous involvement from the distal LMCA to the ostial LAD and the ostial LCX with eccentric plaques; Type B, with concentric plaques at the distal LMCA, eccentric plaques at the ostial LAD, and no plaques at the LCX; Type C, with continuous involvement from the distal LMCA to the ostial LCX, with eccentric plaques, and to the ostial LAD, with eccentric plaques; and Type D, with continuous involvement from the distal LMCA to the ostial LAD, with eccentric plaques, and to the ostial LCX, with concentric plaques. The carina was involved in only 3.5% of the plaques. A total of 51.7% of the plaques at the ostium of the LAD were soft, while 44.8% and 44.6% were fibrous in the distal LMCA and in the ostial LCX, respectively. Conclusions: We classified LMCA true bifurcation lesions into four types. The carina was always free from disease. Plaques at the ostial LAD tended to be soft, whereas those at the ostial LCX and the distal LMCA tended to be fibrous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510020, China
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Department of Cardiology, S. L. Raheja (A Fortis Associate) Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lu-Yue Gai
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yun-Shan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510020, China
| | - Ya-Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510020, China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China
| | - Jun-Xia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China
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Coenen A, Lubbers MM, Kurata A, Kono A, Dedic A, Chelu RG, Dijkshoorn ML, van Geuns RJM, Schoebinger M, Itu L, Sharma P, Nieman K. Coronary CT angiography derived fractional flow reserve: Methodology and evaluation of a point of care algorithm. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2016; 10:105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging in Patients with Known and Suspected Coronary Artery Disease: What is in it for the Interventional Cardiologist? Curr Cardiol Rep 2015; 18:3. [PMID: 26694725 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-015-0680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The long-standing coronary artery disease (CAD) paradigm simplified by the discrimination between patients with or without CAD warrants to be revisited by the insightful information provided by noninvasive cardiac imaging, leading to a comprehensive physiopathological assessment rather than a mainly anatomical approach. This review will address (1) the role of non-invasive cardiac imaging for the appropriate selection of stable patients referred to invasive coronary angiography (ICA), and the evolving concept and prognostic implications of myocardial ischemia; (2) the usefulness of computed tomography coronary angiography for the guidance of percutaneous coronary interventions; and (3) the role and potential clinical impact of novel anatomical and functional non-invasive prognostic markers.
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Louvard Y, Medina A. Definitions and classifications of bifurcation lesions and treatment. EUROINTERVENTION 2015; 11 Suppl V:V23-6. [DOI: 10.4244/eijv11sva5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Shapiro MD, Cigarroa JE. Coronary CT angiography-A rosetta stone for understanding and treating bifurcation lesions? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 84:453-4. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Shapiro
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University; Portland Oregon
| | - Joaquin E. Cigarroa
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University; Portland Oregon
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