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Lee W, Wang Z, Saffern M, Jun T, Huang KL. Genomic and molecular features distinguish young adult cancer from later-onset cancer. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110005. [PMID: 34788626 PMCID: PMC8631509 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Young adult cancer has increased in incidence worldwide, but its molecular etiologies remain unclear. We systematically characterize genomic profiles of young adult tumors with ages of onset ≤50 years and compare them to later-onset tumors using over 6,000 cases across 14 cancer types. While young adult tumors generally show lower mutation burdens and comparable copy-number variation rates compared to later-onset cases, they are enriched for multiple driver mutations and copy-number alterations in subtype-specific contexts. Characterization of tumor immune microenvironments reveals pan-cancer patterns of elevated TGF-β response/dendritic cells and lower IFN-γ response/macrophages relative to later-onset tumors, corresponding to age-related responses to immunotherapy in several cancer types. Finally, we identify prevalent clinically actionable events that disproportionally affect young adult or later-onset cases. The resulting catalog of age-related molecular drivers can guide precision diagnostics and treatments for young adult cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lee
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zishan Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Miriam Saffern
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tomi Jun
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kuan-Lin Huang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Valente VB, Kayahara GM, Bastos DB, Santos IDS, Xavier-Junior JCC, Biasoli ÉR, Miyahara GI, Bernabé DG. Pleomorphic sarcoma of maxillary sinus: Clinical report of a patient initially diagnosed with denture-induced fibrous hyperplasia. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:548-553. [PMID: 33875263 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is a high-grade soft-tissue malignant tumor that is rare in the head and neck region. A 74-year-old woman displayed a large nodular lesion in the maxillary alveolar mucosa, which was initially identified as denture-related fibrous hyperplasia. Although her prosthodontist has adjusted the maxillary complete denture to relieve pressure on the lesion, it increased in size over time. Computed tomography images of the maxillary sinus showed an extensive destructive lesion. A biopsy was performed, and microscopic examination revealed a poorly differentiated malignancy with numerous spindle cells. Immunohistochemistry reactions were negative for CD45, CD30, CD68, CD34, cytokeratin, S100, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. These findings led to the diagnosis of an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the maxillary sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Bonetti Valente
- Postdoctoral student, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giseli Mitsuy Kayahara
- Doctoral student, Oral Oncology Center, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Brito Bastos
- Doctoral student, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingrid da Silva Santos
- Dental Surgeon, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Éder Ricardo Biasoli
- Associate Professor, Oral Oncology Center, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Issamu Miyahara
- Full Professor, Oral Oncology Center, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Assistant Professor, Oral Oncology Center, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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