Tuan HX, Hung ND, Minh ND, Quang NN, Duy NQ, Duc NM. Low apparent diffusion coefficient in an extracranial brain tumor: a case report.
J Med Case Rep 2022;
16:310. [PMID:
35982502 PMCID:
PMC9389690 DOI:
10.1186/s13256-022-03553-x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Medulloblastoma is well known as the most common malignant brain tumor identified in children, frequently found at an intra-axial location in the posterior cranial fossa. Extra-axial medulloblastoma is uncommon and often misdiagnosed. We believe that a thorough understanding of atypical medulloblastoma cases is important in daily practice.
Case presentation
We present the unique case of a 39-year-old woman of Asian descent who suffered from headaches and right-sided hearing impairment. A right extra-axial medulloblastoma with an extremely low apparent diffusion coefficient of 0.404 × 10−3 mm2/second was detected on magnetic resonance imaging. The initial diagnosis suggested schwannoma or hemangioblastoma. However, the postoperative histopathologic findings indicated medulloblastoma (World Health Organization grade IV). Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed no drop metastasis, but adjuvant radiation therapy was still required as a standard treatment therapy
Conclusions
Extra-axial medulloblastoma is an uncommon tumor that is often mistaken for other cerebellopontine angle neoplasms. We describe a rare example of extra-axial medulloblastoma, characterized by a low apparent diffusion coefficient. When evaluating an atypical cerebellopontine angle neoplasm, the apparent diffusion coefficient should be considered a relevant indicator.
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