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Hu BC, Hu D, Li C, Xu XF, Wen Z, Wu MC. Near-perfect kinetic resolution of racemic p-chlorostyrene oxide by SlEH1, a novel epoxide hydrolase from Solanum lycopersicum with extremely high enantioselectivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:1213-1220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zong XC, Li C, Xu YH, Hu D, Hu BC, Zang J, Wu MC. Substantially improving the enantioconvergence of PvEH1, a Phaseolus vulgaris epoxide hydrolase, towards m-chlorostyrene oxide by laboratory evolution. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:202. [PMID: 31739786 PMCID: PMC6859628 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epoxide hydrolase can regioselectively catalyze the oxirane ring-opening hydrolysis of rac-epoxides producing the corresponding chiral diols. In our laboratory, a gene named pveh1 encoding an EH from Phaseolus vulgaris was cloned. Although the directed modification of PvEH1 was carried out, the mutant PvEH1Y3 showed a limited degree of enantioconvergence towards racemic (rac-) m-chlorostyrene oxide (mCSO). Results PvEH1 and PvEH1Y3 were combinatively subjected to laboratory evolution to further enhance the enantioconvergence of PvEH1Y3 towards rac-mCSO. Firstly, the substrate-binding pocket of PvEH1 was identified using a CAVER 3.0 software, and divided into three zones. After all residues in zones 1 and 3 were subjected to leucine scanning, two E. coli transformants, E. coli/pveh1Y149L and /pveh1P184L, were selected, by which rac-mCSO was transformed into (R)-m-chlorophenyl-1,2-ethanediol (mCPED) having 55.1% and 27.2% eep. Secondly, two saturation mutagenesis libraries, E. coli/pveh1Y149X and /pveh1P184X (X: any one of 20 residues) were created at sites Y149 and P184 of PvEH1. Among all transformants, both E. coli/pveh1Y149L (65.8% αS and 55.1% eep) and /pveh1P184W (66.6% αS and 59.8% eep) possessed the highest enantioconvergences. Finally, the combinatorial mutagenesis was conducted by replacements of both Y149L and P184W in PvEH1Y3, constructing E. coli/pveh1Y3Z2, whose αS reached 97.5%, higher than that (75.3%) of E. coli/pveh1Y3. In addition, the enantioconvergent hydrolysis of 20 mM rac-mCSO was performed by E. coli/pveh1Y3Z2, giving (R)-mCPED with 95.2% eep and 97.2% yield. Conclusions In summary, the enantioconvergence of PvEH1Y3Z2 was successfully improved by laboratory evolution, which was based on the study of substrate-binding pocket by leucine scanning. Our present work introduced an effective strategy for the directed modification of enantioconvergence of PvEH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Cheng Zong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yao-Hui Xu
- The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Die Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bo-Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jia Zang
- The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Min-Chen Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Li FL, Kong XD, Chen Q, Zheng YC, Xu Q, Chen FF, Fan LQ, Lin GQ, Zhou J, Yu HL, Xu JH. Regioselectivity Engineering of Epoxide Hydrolase: Near-Perfect Enantioconvergence through a Single Site Mutation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xu-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu-Cong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li-Qiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Rinaldi S, Van der Kamp MW, Ranaghan KE, Mulholland AJ, Colombo G. Understanding Complex Mechanisms of Enzyme Reactivity: The Case of Limonene-1,2-Epoxide Hydrolases. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rinaldi
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, C.N.R., Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Marc W. Van der Kamp
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Kara E. Ranaghan
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian J. Mulholland
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, C.N.R., Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Lind MES, Himo F. Quantum Chemical Modeling of Enantioconvergency in Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. S. Lind
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Janfalk Carlsson Å, Bauer P, Dobritzsch D, Nilsson M, Kamerlin SCL, Widersten M. Laboratory-Evolved Enzymes Provide Snapshots of the Development of Enantioconvergence in Enzyme-Catalyzed Epoxide Hydrolysis. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1693-7. [PMID: 27383542 PMCID: PMC5096066 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Engineered enzyme variants of potato epoxide hydrolase (StEH1) display varying degrees of enrichment of (2R)‐3‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diol from racemic benzyloxirane. Curiously, the observed increase in the enantiomeric excess of the (R)‐diol is not only a consequence of changes in enantioselectivity for the preferred epoxide enantiomer, but also to changes in the regioselectivity of the epoxide ring opening of (S)‐benzyloxirane. In order to probe the structural origin of these differences in substrate selectivity and catalytic regiopreference, we solved the crystal structures for the evolved StEH1 variants. We used these structures as a starting point for molecular docking studies of the epoxide enantiomers into the respective active sites. Interestingly, despite the simplicity of our docking analysis, the apparent preferred binding modes appear to rationalize the experimentally determined regioselectivities. The analysis also identifies an active site residue (F33) as a potentially important interaction partner, a role that could explain the high conservation of this residue during evolution. Overall, our experimental, structural, and computational studies provide snapshots into the evolution of enantioconvergence in StEH1‐catalyzed epoxide hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Janfalk Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul Bauer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Doreen Dobritzsch
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S C Lynn Kamerlin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Widersten
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Kong XD, Ma Q, Zhou J, Zeng BB, Xu JH. A Smart Library of Epoxide Hydrolase Variants and the Top Hits for Synthesis of (S)-β-Blocker Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6641-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kong XD, Ma Q, Zhou J, Zeng BB, Xu JH. A Smart Library of Epoxide Hydrolase Variants and the Top Hits for Synthesis of (S)-β-Blocker Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Nestl BM, Hammer SC, Nebel BA, Hauer B. New generation of biocatalysts for organic synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3070-95. [PMID: 24520044 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of enzymes as catalysts for the preparation of novel compounds has received steadily increasing attention over the past few years. High demands are placed on the identification of new biocatalysts for organic synthesis. The catalysis of more ambitious reactions reflects the high expectations of this field of research. Enzymes play an increasingly important role as biocatalysts in the synthesis of key intermediates for the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, and new enzymatic technologies and processes have been established. Enzymes are an important part of the spectrum of catalysts available for synthetic chemistry. The advantages and applications of the most recent and attractive biocatalysts--reductases, transaminases, ammonia lyases, epoxide hydrolases, and dehalogenases--will be discussed herein and exemplified by the syntheses of interesting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M Nestl
- Technische Biochemie, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart (Germany)
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Nestl BM, Hammer SC, Nebel BA, Hauer B. Biokatalysatoren für die organische Synthese - die neue Generation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Reetz MT. Biocatalysis in organic chemistry and biotechnology: past, present, and future. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12480-96. [PMID: 23930719 DOI: 10.1021/ja405051f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes as catalysts in synthetic organic chemistry gained importance in the latter half of the 20th century, but nevertheless suffered from two major limitations. First, many enzymes were not accessible in large enough quantities for practical applications. The advent of recombinant DNA technology changed this dramatically in the late 1970s. Second, many enzymes showed a narrow substrate scope, often poor stereo- and/or regioselectivity and/or insufficient stability under operating conditions. With the development of directed evolution beginning in the 1990s and continuing to the present day, all of these problems can be addressed and generally solved. The present Perspective focuses on these and other developments which have popularized enzymes as part of the toolkit of synthetic organic chemists and biotechnologists. Included is a discussion of the scope and limitation of cascade reactions using enzyme mixtures in vitro and of metabolic engineering of pathways in cells as factories for the production of simple compounds such as biofuels and complex natural products. Future trends and problems are also highlighted, as is the discussion concerning biocatalysis versus nonbiological catalysis in synthetic organic chemistry. This Perspective does not constitute a comprehensive review, and therefore the author apologizes to those researchers whose work is not specifically treated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred T Reetz
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
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Schober M, Faber K. Inverting hydrolases and their use in enantioconvergent biotransformations. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 31:468-78. [PMID: 23809848 PMCID: PMC3725421 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Enantioconvergent processes overcome the 50%-yield limits of kinetic resolution. Inverting enzymes are key catalysts for enantioconvergent processes. Enzyme engineering provided improved variants of inverting enzymes.
Owing to the more abundant occurrence of racemic compounds compared to prochiral or meso forms, most enantiomerically pure products are obtained via racemate resolution. This review summarizes (chemo)enzymatic enantioconvergent processes based on the use of hydrolytic enzymes, which are able to invert a stereocenter during catalysis that can overcome the 50%-yield limitation of kinetic resolution. Recent developments are presented in the fields of inverting or retaining sulfatases, epoxide hydrolases and dehalogenases, which allow the production of secondary alcohols or vicinal diols at a 100% theoretical yield from a racemate via enantioconvergent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schober
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Carlsson ÅJ, Bauer P, Ma H, Widersten M. Obtaining optical purity for product diols in enzyme-catalyzed epoxide hydrolysis: contributions from changes in both enantio- and regioselectivity. Biochemistry 2012; 51:7627-37. [PMID: 22931287 DOI: 10.1021/bi3007725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme variants of the plant epoxide hydrolase StEH1 displaying improved stereoselectivities in the catalyzed hydrolysis of (2,3-epoxypropyl)benzene were generated by directed evolution. The evolution was driven by iterative saturation mutagenesis in combination with enzyme activity screenings where product chirality was the decisive selection criterion. Analysis of the underlying causes of the increased diol product ratios revealed two major contributing factors: increased enantioselectivity for the corresponding epoxide enantiomer(s) and, in some cases, a concomitant change in regioselectivity in the catalyzed epoxide ring-opening half-reaction. Thus, variant enzymes that catalyzed the hydrolysis of racemic (2,3-epoxypropyl)benzene into the R-diol product in an enantioconvergent manner were isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Janfalk Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Reetz MT. Laboratory evolution of stereoselective enzymes as a means to expand the toolbox of organic chemists. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Creus M, Ward TR. Design and Evolution of Artificial Metalloenzymes: Biomimetic Aspects. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118148235.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Kotik M, Archelas A, Faměrová V, Oubrechtová P, Křen V. Laboratory evolution of an epoxide hydrolase – Towards an enantioconvergent biocatalyst. J Biotechnol 2011; 156:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zheng H, Reetz MT. Manipulating the Stereoselectivity of Limonene Epoxide Hydrolase by Directed Evolution Based on Iterative Saturation Mutagenesis. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:15744-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1067542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huabao Zheng
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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