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Ehinger C, Zhou X, Candrian M, Docherty SR, Pollitt S, Copéret C. Group 10 Metal Allyl Amidinates: A Family of Readily Accessible and Stable Molecular Precursors to Generate Supported Nanoparticles. JACS AU 2023; 3:2314-2322. [PMID: 37654588 PMCID: PMC10466329 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of well-defined materials as model systems for catalysis and related fields is an important pillar in the understanding of catalytic processes at a molecular level. Various approaches employing organometallic precursors have been developed and established to make monodispersed supported nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and films. Using rational design principles, a new family of precursors based on group 10 metals suitable for the generation of small and monodispersed nanoparticles on metal oxides has been developed. Particle formation on SiO2 and Al2O3 supports is demonstrated, as well as the potential in the synthesis of bimetallic catalyst materials, exemplified by a PdGa/SiO2 system capable of hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. In addition to surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC), it is envisioned that these precursors could also be employed in related applications, such as atomic layer deposition, due to their inherent volatility and relative thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ehinger
- D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir−Prelog-Weg 1−5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir−Prelog-Weg 1−5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Max Candrian
- D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir−Prelog-Weg 1−5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Scott R. Docherty
- D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir−Prelog-Weg 1−5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Pollitt
- D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir−Prelog-Weg 1−5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- PSI, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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2
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Operando CO Infrared Spectroscopy and On-Line Mass Spectrometry for Studying the Active Phase of IrO2 in the Catalytic CO Oxidation Reaction. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We combine operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with on-line mass spectrometry (MS) to study the correlation between the oxidation state of titania-supported IrO2 catalysts (IrO2@TiO2) and their catalytic activity in the prototypical CO oxidation reaction. Here, the stretching vibration of adsorbed COad serves as the probe. DRIFTS provides information on both surface and gas phase species. Partially reduced IrO2 is shown to be significantly more active than its fully oxidized counterpart, with onset and full conversion temperatures being about 50 °C lower for reduced IrO2. By operando DRIFTS, this increase in activity is traced to a partially reduced state of the catalysts, as evidenced by a broad IR band of adsorbed CO reaching from 2080 to 1800 cm−1.
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3
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Han T, Li Y, Cao Y, Lee I, Zhou X, Frenkel AI, Zaera F. In situ identification of surface sites in Cu-Pt bimetallic catalysts: Gas-induced metal segregation. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:234706. [PMID: 36550054 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of gases on the surface composition of Cu-Pt bimetallic catalysts has been tested by in situ infrared (IR) and x-ray absorption spectroscopies. Diffusion of Pt atoms within the Cu-Pt nanoparticles was observed both in vacuum and under gaseous atmospheres. Vacuum IR spectra of CO adsorbed on CuPtx/SBA-15 catalysts (x = 0-∞) at 125 K showed no bonding on Pt regardless of Pt content, but reversible Pt segregation to the surface was seen with the high-Pt-content (x ≥ 0.2) samples upon heating to 225 K. In situ IR spectra in CO atmospheres also highlighted the reversible segregation of Pt to the surface and its diffusion back into the bulk when cycling the temperature from 295 to 495 K and back, most evidently for diluted single-atom alloy catalysts (x ≤ 0.01). Similar behavior was possibly observed under H2 using small amounts of CO as a probe molecule. In situ x-ray absorption near-edge structure data obtained for CuPt0.2/SBA-15 under both CO and He pointed to the metallic nature of the Pt atoms irrespective of gas or temperature, but analysis of the extended x-ray absorption fine structure identified a change in coordination environment around the Pt atoms, from a (Pt-Cu):(Pt-Pt) coordination number ratio of ∼6:6 at or below 445 K to 8:4 at 495 K. The main conclusion is that Cu-Pt bimetallic catalysts are dynamic, with the composition of their surfaces being dependent on temperature in gaseous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Han
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Yueqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Xinggui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Anatoly I Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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4
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Carosso M, Fovanna T, Ricchebuono A, Vottero E, Manzoli M, Morandi S, Pellegrini R, Piovano A, Ferri D, Groppo E. Gas phase vs. liquid phase: monitoring H2 and CO adsorption phenomena on Pt/Al2O3 by IR spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of H2 and CO over Pt/Al2O3 was studied in gas and in liquid phase by FT-IR and ATR-IR spectroscopies under otherwise similar conditions. The solvent competes with hydrogen and CO for terrace and kink metal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Carosso
- Department of Chemistry, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Quarello 15/A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Ricchebuono
- Department of Chemistry, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Quarello 15/A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vottero
- Department of Chemistry, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Quarello 15/A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Maela Manzoli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Morandi
- Department of Chemistry, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Quarello 15/A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pellegrini
- Chimet SpA – Catalyst Division, via di Pescaiola 74, I-52041, Viciomaggio Arezzo, Italy
| | - Andrea Piovano
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry, INSTM and NIS Centre, University of Torino, via Quarello 15/A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
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5
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In-situ and operando spectroscopies for the characterization of catalysts and of mechanisms of catalytic reactions. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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7
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Shivhare A, Kumar A, Srivastava R. The Size‐Dependent Catalytic Performances of Supported Metal Nanoparticles and Single Atoms for the Upgrading of Biomass‐Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural, Furfural, and Levulinic acid. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atal Shivhare
- Catalysis Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry IIT Ropar Rupnagar Punjab-140001 India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Catalysis Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry IIT Ropar Rupnagar Punjab-140001 India
| | - Rajendra Srivastava
- Catalysis Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry IIT Ropar Rupnagar Punjab-140001 India
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8
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Li X, Wang S, Li L, Zu X, Sun Y, Xie Y. Opportunity of Atomically Thin Two-Dimensional Catalysts for Promoting CO 2 Electroreduction. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2964-2974. [PMID: 33236876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusExcessive use of fossil fuels has not only led to energy shortage but also caused serious environmental pollution problems due to the massive emissions of industrial waste gas. As the main component of industrial waste gas, CO2 molecules can also be utilized as an important raw material for renewable fuels. Thus, the effective capture and conversion of CO2 has been considered one of the best potential strategies to mitigate the energy crisis and lower the greenhouse effect simultaneously.In this case, CO2 electroreduction to high-value-added chemicals provides an available approach to accomplish this important goal. Nonetheless, the CO2 molecule is extremely stable with a high dissociation energy. With regard to the traditional electrocatalytic systems, there are three main factors that hinder their practical applications: (i) sluggish carrier transport dynamics; (ii) high energy barrier for CO2 activation; (iii) poor product selectivity. Therefore, solving these three crucial problems is the key to the development of efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction systems.Considering that the CO2 molecule is a typical Lewis acid with a high first ionization energy and electronic affinity, electron-rich catalysts could help to activate the CO2 molecule and improve the conversion efficiency. In view of this, atomically thin two-dimensional electrocatalysts, benefiting from their significantly increased density of states near the Fermi level, have great potential to effectively accelerate the dynamics of electron transport. Moreover, their high fraction of surface active sites and enhanced local charge density could remarkably reduce the energy barrier for CO2 activation. Furthermore, their modulated electronic structure could alter the catalytic reaction pathway and improve the product selectivity. Meanwhile, the concise two-dimensional configuration facilitates in situ characterization as well as the establishment and simulation of theoretical models, which helps to reveal the mechanism of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, thereby speeding up the development of CO2 conversion technology.In this Account, we summarize recent progress in tailoring the electronic structure of atomically thin two-dimensional electrocatalysts by different methods. Meanwhile, we highlight the structure-property relationship between the electronic structure regulation and the catalytic activity/product selectivity of atomically thin two-dimensional electrocatalysts, and discuss the underlying fundamental mechanism with the aid of in situ characterization techniques. Finally, we discuss the major challenges and opportunities for the future development of CO2 electroreduction. It is expected that this Account will help researchers to better understand CO2 electroreduction and guide better design of high-performance electrocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yongfu Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
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9
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Tereshchenko A, Guda A, Polyakov V, Rusalev Y, Butova V, Soldatov A. Pd nanoparticle growth monitored by DRIFT spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. Analyst 2020; 145:7534-7540. [PMID: 32966356 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01303j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scattering are known in situ probes of metal nanoparticles (NPs). A limited number of laboratory techniques allow post-synthesis diagnostics of the active metal surface area. This work demonstrates the high potential of infrared spectroscopy as an in situ laboratory probe for the growth of metal NPs on a substrate. We introduce a small fraction of CO molecules into the reaction mixture as a probe to monitor the reduction kinetics of the Pd2+ precursor on ceria in hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Tereshchenko
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
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10
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Lang R, Du X, Huang Y, Jiang X, Zhang Q, Guo Y, Liu K, Qiao B, Wang A, Zhang T. Single-Atom Catalysts Based on the Metal–Oxide Interaction. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11986-12043. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yike Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xunzhu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yalin Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaipeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Botao Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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Dong C, Li Y, Cheng D, Zhang M, Liu J, Wang YG, Xiao D, Ma D. Supported Metal Clusters: Fabrication and Application in Heterogeneous Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Danyang Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mengtao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Yang-Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dequan Xiao
- Center for Integrative Materials Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Ding Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Lee I, Zaera F. Use of Au@Void@TiO 2 yolk-shell nanostructures to probe the influence of oxide crystallinity on catalytic activity for low-temperature oxidations. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:234706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5132715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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13
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Guerrero‐Pérez MO, Patience GS. Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy—FTIR. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Cao Y, Chen B, Guerrero-Sánchez J, Lee I, Zhou X, Takeuchi N, Zaera F. Controlling Selectivity in Unsaturated Aldehyde Hydrogenation Using Single-Site Alloy Catalysts. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiang Cao
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 14, Ensenada, Baja California 22800, Mexico
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xinggui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Noboru Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 14, Ensenada, Baja California 22800, Mexico
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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15
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Boosting the Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts for H2O2 Direct Synthesis by Infrared Spectroscopy. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is among the most powerful spectroscopic techniques available for the morphological and physico-chemical characterization of catalytic systems, since it provides information on (i) the surface sites at an atomic level, (ii) the nature and structure of the surface or adsorbed species, as well as (iii) the strength of the chemical bonds and (iv) the reaction mechanism. In this review, an overview of the main contributions that have been determined, starting from IR absorption spectroscopy studies of catalytic systems for H2O2 direct synthesis, is given. Which kind of information can be extracted from IR data? IR spectroscopy detects the vibrational transitions induced in a material by interaction with an electromagnetic field in the IR range. To be IR active, a change in the dipole moment of the species must occur, according to well-defined selection rules. The discussion will be focused on the advancing research in the use of probe molecules to identify (and possibly, quantify) specific catalytic sites. The experiments that will be presented and discussed have been carried out mainly in the mid-IR frequency range, between approximately 700 and 4000 cm−1, in which most of the molecular vibrations absorb light. Some challenging possibilities of utilizing IR spectroscopy for future characterization have also been envisaged.
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16
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Bahadori E, Tripodi A, Villa A, Pirola C, Prati L, Ramis G, Dimitratos N, Wang D, Rossetti I. High pressure CO2 photoreduction using Au/TiO2: unravelling the effect of co-catalysts and of titania polymorphs. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00286c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of Au/TiO2 based catalysts with low gold loading (0.1–0.5 wt%) were prepared by a modified deposition–precipitation method and their activity was tested for CO2 photoreduction in the liquid phase at high pressure (7 bar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Bahadori
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
| | - Antonio Tripodi
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
| | - Carlo Pirola
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
| | - Laura Prati
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
| | - Gianguido Ramis
- Dip. di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica e Ambientale
- Università degli Studi di Genova
- and INSTM Unit Genova
- Genoa
- Italy
| | | | - Di Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Ilenia Rossetti
- Dip. Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- INSTM Unit Milano-Università
- and CNR-ISTM
- I-20133 Milano
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17
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Understanding heterogeneous electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction through operando techniques. Nat Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-018-0182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Weng Z, Zaera F. Sub-Monolayer Control of Mixed-Oxide Support Composition in Catalysts via Atomic Layer Deposition: Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde Promoted by (SiO2-ALD)-Pt/Al2O3. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Weng
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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19
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20
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IR-Spectroscopic Study on the Interface of Cu-Based Methanol Synthesis Catalysts: Evidence for the Formation of a ZnO Overlayer. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Oh S, Back S, Doh WH, Moon SY, Kim J, Jung Y, Park JY. Probing surface oxide formations on SiO2-supported platinum nanocatalysts under CO oxidation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08952j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Formations of an ultrathin oxide layer on noble metal catalysts affect the characteristics of fundamental molecular behaviours such as adsorption, diffusion, and desorption on their surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Oh
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions
| | - Seoin Back
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hui Doh
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Moon
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions
| | - Jeongjin Kim
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions
| | - Yousung Jung
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Graduate School of EEWS
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions
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22
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Compagnoni M, Kondrat SA, Chan-Thaw CE, Morgan DJ, Wang D, Prati L, Villa A, Dimitratos N, Rossetti I. Spectroscopic Investigation of Titania-Supported Gold Nanoparticles Prepared by a Modified Deposition/Precipitation Method for the Oxidation of CO. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Compagnoni
- Dip. Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; INSTM Unit Milano-Università and CNR-ISTM; via C. Golgi, 19, I- 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Simon A. Kondrat
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Carine E. Chan-Thaw
- Dip. Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; INSTM Unit Milano-Università and CNR-ISTM; via C. Golgi, 19, I- 20133 Milano Italy
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Laura Prati
- Dip. Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; INSTM Unit Milano-Università and CNR-ISTM; via C. Golgi, 19, I- 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dip. Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; INSTM Unit Milano-Università and CNR-ISTM; via C. Golgi, 19, I- 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Ilenia Rossetti
- Dip. Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; INSTM Unit Milano-Università and CNR-ISTM; via C. Golgi, 19, I- 20133 Milano Italy
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23
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Martínez-Salvador S, Falvello LR, Martín A, Menjón B. A hexanuclear gold carbonyl cluster. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5506-5510. [PMID: 28717445 PMCID: PMC5505037 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01578b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexanuclear gold carbonyl cluster [PPh4]2[Au6(CF3)6Br2(CO)2] (4) has been obtained by spontaneous self-assembly of the following independent units: CF3AuCO (1) and [PPh4][Br(AuCF3)2] (3). The cyclo-Au6 aggregate 4, in which the components are held together by unassisted, fairly strong aurophilic interactions (Au···Au ∼310 pm), exhibits a cyclohexane-like arrangement with chair conformation. These aurophilic interactions also result in significant ν(CO) lowering: from 2194 cm-1 in the separate component 1 to 2171 cm-1 in the mixed aggregate 4. Procedures to prepare the single-bridged dinuclear component 3 as well as the mononuclear derivative [PPh4][CF3AuBr] (2) are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Martínez-Salvador
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
| | - Larry R Falvello
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
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24
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Li Y, Zaera F. Sensitivity of the glycerol oxidation reaction to the size and shape of the platinum nanoparticles in Pt/SiO2 catalysts. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Zaera F. New advances in the use of infrared absorption spectroscopy for the characterization of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 43:7624-63. [PMID: 24424375 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy has proven to be one of the most powerful spectroscopic techniques available for the characterization of catalytic systems. Although the history of IR absorption spectroscopy in catalysis is long, the technique continues to provide key fundamental information about a variety of catalysts and catalytic reactions, and to also offer novel options for the acquisition of new information on both reaction mechanisms and the nature of the solids used as catalysts. In this review, an overview is provided of the main contributions that have been derived from IR absorption spectroscopy studies of catalytic systems, and a discussion is included on new trends and new potential directions of research involving IR in catalysis. We start by briefly describing the power of Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) instruments and the main experimental IR setups available, namely, transmission (TIR), diffuse reflectance (DRIFTS), attenuated total reflection (ATR-IR), and reflection-absorption (RAIRS), for advancing research in catalysis. We then discuss the different environments under which IR characterization of catalysts is carried out, including in situ and operando studies of typical catalytic processes in gas-phase, research with model catalysts in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and so-called high-pressure cell instruments, and work involving liquid/solid interfaces. A presentation of the type of information extracted from IR data follows in terms of the identification of adsorbed intermediates, the characterization of the surfaces of the catalysts themselves, the quantitation of IR intensities to extract surface coverages, and the use of probe molecules to identify and titrate specific catalytic sites. Finally, the different options for carrying out kinetic studies with temporal resolution such as rapid-scan FTIR, step-scan FTIR, and the use of tunable lasers or synchrotron sources, and to obtain spatially resolved spectra, by sample rastering or by 2D imaging, are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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26
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Hong J, Lee I, Zaera F. Correlated bifunctionality in heterogeneous catalysts: selective tethering of cinchonidine next to supported Pt nanoparticles. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00844h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A strategy has been devised to add molecular functionality to heterogeneous catalysts in a spatially correlated fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
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27
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Zhu Y, Zaera F. Selectivity in the catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde promoted by Pt/SiO2 as a function of metal nanoparticle size. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy01051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde by platinum, selectivity is structure insensitive but total activity is associated with flat terraces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside, USA
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside, USA
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28
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Abstract
In this review, a brief survey is offered on the main nanotechnology synthetic approaches available to heterogeneous catalysis, and a few examples are provided of their usefulness for such applications. We start by discussing the use of colloidal, reverse micelle, and dendrimer chemistry in the production of active metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with well-defined sizes, shapes, and compositions, as a way to control the surface atomic ensembles available for selective catalysis. Next we introduce the use of sol-gel and atomic layer deposition chemistry for the production and modification of high-surface-area supports and active phases. Reference is then made to the more complex active sites that can be created or carved on such supports by using organic structure-directing agents. We follow with an examination of the ability to achieve multiple functionality in catalysis via the design of dumbbells, core@shell, and other complex nanostructures. Finally, we consider the mixed molecular-nanostructure approach that can be used to develop more demanding catalytic sites, by derivatizing the surface of solids or tethering or immobilizing homogeneous catalysts or other chemical functionalities. We conclude with a personal and critical perspective on the importance of fully exploiting the synergies between nanotechnology and surface science to optimize the search for new catalysts and catalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Novel nanotechnologies have allowed great improvements in the syn-thesis of catalysts with well-controlled size, shape, and surface properties. Transition metal nanostructures with specific sizes and shapes, for instance, have shown great promise as catalysts with high selectivities and relative ease of recycling. Researchers have already demonstrated new selective catalysis with solution-dispersed or supported-metal nanocatalysts, in some cases applied to new types of reactions. Several challenges remain, however, particularly in improving the structural stability of the catalytic active phase. Core-shell nanostructures are nanoparticles encapsulated and protected by an outer shell that isolates the nanoparticles and prevents their migration and coalescence during the catalytic reactions. The synthesis and characterization of effective core-shell catalysts has been at the center of our research efforts and is the focus of this Account. Efficient core-shell catalysts require porous shells that allow free access of chemical species from the outside to the surface of nanocatalysts. For this purpose, we have developed a surface-protected etching process to prepare mesoporous silica and titania shells with controllable porosity. In certain cases, we can tune catalytic reaction rates by adjusting the porosity of the outer shell. We also designed and successfully applied a silica-protected calcination method to prepare crystalline shells with high surface area, using anatase titania as a model system. We achieved a high degree of control over the crystallinity and porosity of the anatase shells, allowing for the systematic optimization of their photocatalytic activity. Core-shell nanostructures also provide a great opportunity for controlling the interaction among the different components in ways that might boost structural stability or catalytic activity. For example, we fabricated a SiO₂/Au/N-doped TiO₂ core-shell photocatalyst with a sandwich structure that showed excellent catalytic activity for the oxidation of organic compounds under UV, visible, and direct sunlight. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of this nanostructure resulted from an added interfacial nonmetal doping, which improved visible light absorption, and from plasmonic metal decoration that enhanced light harvesting and charge separation. In addition to our synthetic efforts, we have developed ways to evaluate the accessibility of reactants to the metal cores and to characterize the catalytic properties of the core-shell samples we have synthesized. We have adapted infrared absorption spectroscopy and titration experiments using carbon monoxide and other molecules as probes to study adsorption on the surface of metal cores in metal oxide-shell structures in situ in both gas and liquid phases. In particular, the experiments in solution have provided insights into the ease of diffusion of molecules of different sizes in and out of the shells in these catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, United States
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, United States
| | - Ji Bong Joo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, United States
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, United States
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30
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Kibata T, Mitsudome T, Mizugaki T, Jitsukawa K, Kaneda K. Investigation of size-dependent properties of sub-nanometer palladium clusters encapsulated within a polyamine dendrimer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:167-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37038g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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