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Bester K, Bukowska A, Kawka A, Pytel M, Bukowski W. Salophen chromium(iii) complexes functionalized with pyridinium salts as catalysts for carbon dioxide cycloaddition to epoxides. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2466-2480. [PMID: 38223696 PMCID: PMC10785049 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07750k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The catalytic properties of a series of novel chromium(iii) salophen complexes having different pyridinium chloride units (pyridinium, 2,6-dimethylpyridinium or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridinium ones) have been studied in the reaction of carbon dioxide cycloaddition to phenyl glycidyl ether. The examined complexes were found to be capable of catalyzing cycloaddition under relatively mild reaction conditions without any additional nucleophilic co-catalyst. However, their catalytic activity depended strongly on the structure and number of pyridinium salt units in the ligand molecule. The complex with a single unit of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridinium chloride turned out to be the most active among the examined ones. A TOF of up to 1480 h-1 was obtained in the presence of this catalyst under the following conditions: 120 °C, 2 h, 6 bar, 0.05 mol% (74% epoxide conversion, and >99% selectivity). The most active complex has also been examined as a catalyst in the reactions of CO2 with a series of ten other terminal epoxides. High catalytic activity (TOF = 220-5045 h-1) was observed in most cases, except for the reaction of CO2 with allyl glycidyl ether.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bester
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology Powstańców Warszawy 6 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bukowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology Powstańców Warszawy 6 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawka
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszow University of Technology Powstańców Warszawy 12 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
| | - Maciej Pytel
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszów University of Technology Powstańców Warszawy 12 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
| | - Wiktor Bukowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology Powstańców Warszawy 6 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
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2
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Barker RE, Guo L, Mota CJA, North M, Ozorio LP, Pointer W, Walberton S, Wu X. General Approach to Silica-Supported Salens and Salophens and Their Use as Catalysts for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Carbon Dioxide. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16410-16423. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E. Barker
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Liping Guo
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Claudio J. A. Mota
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Química, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- INCT Energia & Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michael North
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Leonardo P. Ozorio
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Química, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- INCT Energia & Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - William Pointer
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Sarah Walberton
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Xiao Wu
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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3
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Nayak P, Murali AC, Pal PK, Priyakumar UD, Chandrasekhar V, Venkatasubbaiah K. Tetra-Coordinated Boron-Functionalized Phenanthroimidazole-Based Zinc Salen as a Photocatalyst for the Cycloaddition of CO 2 and Epoxides. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14511-14516. [PMID: 36074754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unique B-N coordinated phenanthroimidazole-based zinc salen was synthesized. The zinc salen thus synthesized acts as a photocatalyst for the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with terminal epoxides under ambient conditions. DFT study of the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with terminal epoxide indicates the preference of the reaction pathway when photocatalyzed by zinc salen. We anticipate that this strategy will help to design new photocatalysts for CO2 fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Nayak
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhaba National Institute, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Anna Chandrasekar Murali
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhaba National Institute, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Pal
- International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad 500 032, India
| | - U Deva Priyakumar
- International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad 500 032, India
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500 046, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Krishnan Venkatasubbaiah
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhaba National Institute, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
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Campisciano V, Valentino L, Morena A, Santiago-Portillo A, Saladino N, Gruttadauria M, Aprile C, Giacalone F. Carbon nanotube supported aluminum porphyrin-imidazolium bromide crosslinked copolymer: A synergistic bifunctional catalyst for CO2 conversion. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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5
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Emelyanov MA, Lisov AA, Medvedev MG, Maleev VI, Larionov VA. Cobalt(III) Complexes as Bifunctional Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts Featuring Halide Anions for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis at Ambient Temperature and Pressure: Mechanistic Insight. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A. Emelyanov
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN LAC Vavilov Str. 28 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Alexey A. Lisov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University: Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj universitet imeni M V Lomonosova Chemistry Leninskie Gory 1/3 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Michael G. Medvedev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Chemistry Leninsky prospect 47 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Victor I. Maleev
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN LAC Vavilov Str. 28 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Vladimir A. Larionov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis Vavilov Street 28 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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6
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A Bifunctional Cationic Covalent Organic Polymer for Cooperative Conversion of CO2 to Cyclic Carbonate without Co-catalyst. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Saltarini S, Villegas-Escobar N, Martínez J, Daniliuc CG, Matute RA, Gade LH, Rojas RS. Toward a Neutral Single-Component Amidinate Iodide Aluminum Catalyst for the CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates. Inorg Chem 2020; 60:1172-1182. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Saltarini
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Nery Villegas-Escobar
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Javier Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ricardo A. Matute
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
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Highly Active CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates Catalyzed by Tetranuclear Aluminum Benzodiimidazole-Diylidene Adducts. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of tetranuclear alkyl aluminum adducts 1 and 2 supported by benzodiimidazole-diylidene ligands L1, N,N’-(1,5-diisopropylbenzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)bis(propan-2-amine), and L2, N,N’-(1,5-dicyclohexyl-benzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)dicyclohexanamine were synthetized in exceptional yields and characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were studied as catalysts for cyclic carbonate formation (3a–o) from their corresponding terminal epoxides (2a–o) and carbon dioxide utilizing tetrabutylammonium iodide as a nucleophile in the absence of a solvent. The experiments were carried out at 70 °C and 1 bar CO2 pressure for 24 h and adduct 1 was the most efficient catalyst for the synthesis of a large variety of monosubstituted cyclic carbonates with excellent conversions and yields.
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Lahkar S, Borah R, Deori N, Brahma S. (L)-phenylalanine derived Schiff base ligated vanadium(IV) complex as an efficient catalyst for a CO2 fixation reaction. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Prasad D, Patil KN, Chaudhari NK, Kim H, Nagaraja BM, Jadhav AH. Paving way for sustainable earth-abundant metal based catalysts for chemical fixation of CO2 into epoxides for cyclic carbonate formation. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2020.1812212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Prasad
- Centre for Nano and Material Science (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, 562112, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal N. Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Science (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, 562112, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nitin K. Chaudhari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Hern Kim
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Smart Living Innovation Technology Center, Myongji University, 17058, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Bhari Mallanna Nagaraja
- Centre for Nano and Material Science (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, 562112, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arvind H. Jadhav
- Centre for Nano and Material Science (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, 562112, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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11
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Janeta M, Lis T, Szafert S. Zinc Imine Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane as a Quattro-Site Catalyst for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Low-Pressure CO 2. Chemistry 2020; 26:13686-13697. [PMID: 33463802 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and structural investigations of a unique ZnII complex of imine-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is designed, and hereby described, as a catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. The uncommon features of the designed catalytic system is the elimination of the need for a high pressure of CO2 and the significant shortening of reaction times commonly associated with such difficult transformations like that of styrene oxide to styrene carbonate. Our studies have shown that imine-POSS is able to chelate metal ions like ZnII to form a unique coordination complex. The silsesquioxane core and the hindrance of the side arms (their steric effect) influence the construction process of the homoleptic Zn4@POSS-1 complex. The compound was characterized in solution by NMR (1H, 13C, 29Si), ESI-MS, UV/Vis spectroscopy and in the solid state by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), elemental analysis, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP MAS) NMR (13C, 29Si) spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Janeta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sławomir Szafert
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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12
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Guo Z, Xu Y, Chao J, Wei X. Lithium Organoaluminate Complexes as Catalysts for the Conversion of CO
2
into Cyclic Carbonates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Guo
- Scientific Instrument Center Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Chao
- Scientific Instrument Center Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
| | - Xuehong Wei
- Institute of Applied Chemistry Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan P. R. China
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13
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Lai S, Gao J, Zhang H, Cheng L, Xiong X. Luffa sponge supported dendritic imidazolium ILs with high-density active sites as highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts for CO2 chemical fixation. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Xiong X, Zhang H, Lai SL, Gao J, Gao L. Lignin modified by deep eutectic solvents as green, reusable, and bio-based catalysts for efficient chemical fixation of CO2. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Catalytic conversion of CO2 and shale gas-derived substrates into saturated carbonates and derivatives: Catalyst design, performances and reaction mechanism. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Silica gel modified with tetraalkylammonium halides as an available and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic organic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Sengoden M, North M, Whitwood AC. Synthesis of Oxazolidinones by using Carbon Dioxide as a C 1 Building Block and an Aluminium-Based Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3296-3303. [PMID: 31141295 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxazolidinone synthesis through the coupling of carbon dioxide and aziridines was catalysed by an aluminium(salphen) complex at 50-100 °C and 1-10 bar pressure under solvent-free conditions. The process was applicable to a variety of substituted aziridines, giving products with high regioselectivity. It involved the use of a sustainable and reusable aluminium-based catalyst, used carbon dioxide as a C1 source and provided access to pharmaceutically important oxazolidinones as illustrated by a total synthesis of toloxatone. This protocol was scalable, and the catalyst could be recovered and reused. A catalytic cycle was proposed based on stereochemical, kinetic and Hammett studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Sengoden
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Michael North
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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18
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Recent Advances in the Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide: A Green Route to Carbonylated Heterocycle Synthesis. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9060511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide produced by human activities is one of the main contributions responsible for the greenhouse effect, which is modifying the Earth’s climate. Therefore, post-combustion CO2 capture and its conversion into high value-added chemicals are integral parts of today’s green industry. On the other hand, carbon dioxide is a ubiquitous, cheap, abundant, non-toxic, non-flammable and renewable C1 source. Among CO2 usages, this review aims to summarize and discuss the advances in the reaction of CO2, in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, carbamates, and ureas appeared in the literature since 2017.
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Martínez J, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Gaona MA, Pinilla-Peñalver E, Fernández-Baeza J, Rodríguez AM, Castro-Osma JA, Otero A, Lara-Sánchez A. Influence of the Counterion on the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates Catalyzed by Bifunctional Aluminum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3396-3408. [PMID: 30735040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New bifunctional aluminum complexes have been prepared with the aim of studying the effect of a counterion on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2). Neutral ligand 1 was used as a precursor to obtain four novel mesylate, chloride, bromide, and iodide zwitterionic NNO ligands (2-5). The reaction of these ligands with 1 or 2 equiv of AlR3 (R = Me, Et) allowed the synthesis of mono- and bimetallic bifunctional aluminum complexes [AlR2(κ2-mbpzappe)]X [X = Cl, R = Me (6), Et (7); X = Br, R = Me (8), Et (9); X = I, R = Me (10), Et (11)] and [{AlR2(κ2-mbpzappe)}(μ-O){AlR3}]X [X = MeSO3, R = Me (12), Et (13); X = Cl, R = Me (14), Et (15); X = Br, R = Me (16), Et (17); X = I, R = Me (18), Et (19)] via alkane elimination. These complexes were studied as catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. Iodide complex 11 showed to be the most active catalyst for terminal epoxides, whereas bromide complex 9 was found to be the optimal catalyst when internal epoxides were used, showing the importance of the nucleophile cocatalyst on the catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain.,Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química , Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306 , Santiago-22 6094411 , Chile
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Miguel A Gaona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Esther Pinilla-Peñalver
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquı́mica-Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 02071 Albacete , Spain
| | - Antonio Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
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