1
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Plaza-Mayoral E, Okatenko V, Dalby KN, Falsig H, Chorkendorff I, Sebastián-Pascual P, Escudero-Escribano M. Composition effects of electrodeposited Cu-Ag nanostructured electrocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. iScience 2024; 27:109933. [PMID: 38812548 PMCID: PMC11134916 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) on Cu-based catalysts is a promising strategy to store renewable electricity and produce valuable C2+ chemicals. We investigate the CO2RR on Cu-Ag nanostructures that have been electrodeposited in a green choline chloride and urea deep eutectic solvent (DES). We determine the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) using lead underpotential deposition (UPD) to investigate the CO2RR intrinsic activity and selectivity. We show that the addition of Ag on electrodeposited Cu primarily suppresses the production of hydrogen and methane. While the production of carbon monoxide slightly increases, the partial current of the total C2+ products does not considerably increase. Despite that the production rate of C2+ is similar on Cu and Cu-Ag, the addition of Ag enhances the formation of alcohols and oxygenates over ethylene. We highlight the potential of metal electrodeposition from DES as a sustainable strategy to develop bimetallic Cu-based nanocatalysts for CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Plaza-Mayoral
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valery Okatenko
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Kim N. Dalby
- Topsoe A/S, Haldor Topsøe Allé 1, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne Falsig
- Topsoe A/S, Haldor Topsøe Allé 1, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ib Chorkendorff
- Department of Physics, Surface Physics and Catalysis, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paula Sebastián-Pascual
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Antony LS, Monin L, Aarts M, Alarcon-Llado E. Unveiling Nanoscale Heterogeneities at the Bias-Dependent Gold-Electrolyte Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12933-12940. [PMID: 38591960 PMCID: PMC11099963 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Electrified solid-liquid interfaces (SLIs) are extremely complex and dynamic, affecting both the dynamics and selectivity of reaction pathways at electrochemical interfaces. Enabling access to the structure and arrangement of interfacial water in situ with nanoscale resolution is essential to develop efficient electrocatalysts. Here, we probe the SLI energy of a polycrystalline Au(111) electrode in a neutral aqueous electrolyte through in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy. We acquire potential-dependent maps of the local interfacial adhesion forces, which we associate with the formation energy of the electric double layer. We observe nanoscale inhomogeneities of interfacial adhesion force across the entire map area, indicating local differences in the ordering of the solvent/ions at the interface. Anion adsorption has a clear influence on the observed interfacial adhesion forces. Strikingly, the adhesion forces exhibit potential-dependent hysteresis, which depends on the local gold grain curvature. Our findings on a model electrode extend the use of scanning probe microscopy to gain insights into the local molecular arrangement of the SLI in situ, which can be extended to other electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Aarts
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Alarcon-Llado
- AMOLF, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1090, GD, The Netherlands
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3
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Winkler D, Leitner M, Auer A, Kunze-Liebhäuser J. The Relevance of the Interfacial Water Reactivity for Electrochemical CO Reduction on Copper Single Crystals. ACS Catal 2024; 14:1098-1106. [PMID: 38269043 PMCID: PMC10806897 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 is an important electrolysis reaction that enables the conversion of a waste gas to fuels or value-added chemicals. To make this reaction viable, a profound understanding of central intermediate steps, such as the CO electroreduction, is required. On Cu, the CO reduction reaction (CORR) is intimately linked to the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that proceeds via the reduction of water in alkaline or neutral electrolytes. Here, we demonstrate that the interaction of water or more specifically the water reduction kinetics on differently smooth Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces during the CORR in alkaline media significantly governs the CORR. On Cu(111), faster HER kinetics and the highest CORR activity are observed, even though HER and CORR onsets are more negative. While on Cu(100) small Cu ad-island clusters form in the cathodic potential range only when CO is present, structural changes appear on a larger length scale on Cu(111) both under CORR conditions and when no CO is present. These differences in the reconstruction characteristics may be attributed to the dominance of either the CORR and its intermediates or the HER on the different Cu surfaces. Therefore, the interfacial water reactivity is considered an essential activity descriptor for the CORR on Cu in alkaline media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Winkler
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Leitner
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Auer
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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An H, de Ruiter J, Wu L, Yang S, Meirer F, van der Stam W, Weckhuysen BM. Spatiotemporal Mapping of Local Heterogeneities during Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. JACS AU 2023; 3:1890-1901. [PMID: 37502158 PMCID: PMC10369669 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The activity and selectivity of a copper electrocatalyst during the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) are largely dominated by the interplay between local reaction environment, the catalyst surface, and the adsorbed intermediates. In situ characterization studies have revealed many aspects of this intimate relationship between surface reactivity and adsorbed species, but these investigations are often limited by the spatial and temporal resolution of the analytical technique of choice. Here, Raman spectroscopy with both space and time resolution was used to reveal the distribution of adsorbed species and potential reaction intermediates on a copper electrode during eCO2RR. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the in situ Raman spectra revealed that a working electrocatalyst exhibits spatial heterogeneities in adsorbed species, and that the electrode surface can be divided into CO-dominant (mainly located at dendrite structures) and C-C dominant regions (mainly located at the roughened electrode surface). Our spectral evaluation further showed that in the CO-dominant regions, linear CO was observed (as characterized by a band at ∼2090 cm-1), accompanied by the more classical Cu-CO bending and stretching vibrations located at ∼280 and ∼360 cm-1, respectively. In contrast, in the C-C directing region, these three Raman bands are suppressed, while at the same time a band at ∼495 cm-1 and a broad Cu-CO band at ∼2050 cm-1 dominate the Raman spectra. Furthermore, PCA revealed that anodization creates more C-C dominant regions, and labeling experiments confirmed that the 495 cm-1 band originates from the presence of a Cu-C intermediate. These results indicate that a copper electrode at work is very dynamic, thereby clearly displaying spatiotemporal heterogeneities, and that in situ micro-spectroscopic techniques are crucial for understanding the eCO2RR mechanism of working electrocatalyst materials.
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5
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Chen S, Li X, Li H, Chen K, Luo T, Fu J, Liu K, Wang Q, Zhu M, Liu M. Proton Transfer Dynamics-Mediated CO 2 Electroreduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202202251. [PMID: 36820747 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is crucial to addressing environmental crises and producing chemicals. Proton activation and transfer are essential in CO2 RR. To date, few research reviews have focused on this process and its effect on catalytic performance. Recent studies have demonstrated ways to improve CO2 RR by regulating proton transfer dynamics. This Concept highlights the use of regulating proton transfer dynamics to enhance CO2 RR for the target product and discusses modulation strategies for proton transfer dynamics and operative mechanisms in typical systems, including single-atom catalysts, molecular catalysts, metal heterointerfaces, and organic-ligand modified metal catalysts. Characterization methods for proton transfer dynamics during CO2 RR are also discussed, providing powerful tools for the hydrogen-involving electrochemical study. This Concept offers new insights into the CO2 RR mechanism and guides the design of efficient CO2 RR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyong Chen
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Kejun Chen
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Fu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qiyou Wang
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Mingshan Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, P. R. China
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6
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Bagger A, Jensen KD, Rashedi M, Luo R, Du J, Zhang D, Pereira IJ, Escudero-Escribano M, Arenz M, Rossmeisl J. Correlations between experiments and simulations for formic acid oxidation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13409-13417. [PMID: 36507186 PMCID: PMC9682913 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic conversion of formic acid oxidation to CO2 and the related CO2 reduction to formic acid represent a potential closed carbon-loop based on renewable energy. However, formic acid fuel cells are inhibited by the formation of site-blocking species during the formic acid oxidation reaction. Recent studies have elucidated how the binding of carbon and hydrogen on catalyst surfaces promote CO2 reduction towards CO and formic acid. This has also given fundamental insights into the reverse reaction, i.e. the oxidation of formic acid. In this work, simulations on multiple materials have been combined with formic acid oxidation experiments on electrocatalysts to shed light on the reaction and the accompanying catalytic limitations. We correlate data on different catalysts to show that (i) formate, which is the proposed formic acid oxidation intermediate, has similar binding energetics on Pt, Pd and Ag, while Ag does not work as a catalyst, and (ii) *H adsorbed on the surface results in *CO formation and poisoning through a chemical disproportionation step. Using these results, the fundamental limitations can be revealed and progress our understanding of the mechanism of the formic acid oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bagger
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark
| | - Kim D. Jensen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark
| | - Maryam Rashedi
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark,College of Science, University of TehranEnghelab SquareTehranIran
| | - Rui Luo
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark,School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & TechnologyNanjing 210094China
| | - Jia Du
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCH-3012 BernSwitzerland
| | - Damin Zhang
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCH-3012 BernSwitzerland
| | - Inês J. Pereira
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark,Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyUAB Campus, 08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain,ICREAPg. Lluís Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain
| | - Matthias Arenz
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark,University of Bern, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCH-3012 BernSwitzerland
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- University of Copenhagen, Department of ChemistryUniversitetsparken 52100 Kbh-ØDenmark
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7
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Yang S, An H, Anastasiadou D, Xu W, Wu L, Wang H, de Ruiter J, Arnouts S, Figueiredo MC, Bals S, Altantzis T, van der Stam W, Weckhuysen BM. Waste-Derived Copper-Lead Electrocatalysts for CO 2 Reduction. ChemCatChem 2022; 14:e202200754. [PMID: 36588984 PMCID: PMC9796115 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It remains a real challenge to control the selectivity of the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (eCO2R) reaction to valuable chemicals and fuels. Most of the electrocatalysts are made of non-renewable metal resources, which hampers their large-scale implementation. Here, we report the preparation of bimetallic copper-lead (CuPb) electrocatalysts from industrial metallurgical waste. The metal ions were extracted from the metallurgical waste through simple chemical treatment with ammonium chloride, and CuxPby electrocatalysts with tunable compositions were fabricated through electrodeposition at varying cathodic potentials. X-ray spectroscopy techniques showed that the pristine electrocatalysts consist of Cu0, Cu1+ and Pb2+ domains, and no evidence for alloy formation was found. We found a volcano-shape relationship between eCO2R selectivity toward two electron products, such as CO, and the elemental ratio of Cu and Pb. A maximum Faradaic efficiency towards CO was found for Cu9.00Pb1.00, which was four times higher than that of pure Cu, under the same electrocatalytic conditions. In situ Raman spectroscopy revealed that the optimal amount of Pb effectively improved the reducibility of the pristine Cu1+ and Pb2+ domains to metallic Cu and Pb, which boosted the selectivity towards CO by synergistic effects. This work provides a framework of thinking to design and tune the selectivity of bimetallic electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction through valorization of metallurgical waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Hongyu An
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Dimitra Anastasiadou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven (TheNetherlands
| | - Wenjie Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230029P. R. China
| | - Longfei Wu
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Hui Wang
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Jim de Ruiter
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Sven Arnouts
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT)University of Antwerp2020AntwerpBelgium
- Applied Electrochemistry and Catalysis (ELCAT)University of AntwerpAntwerpen2610 WilrijkBelgium
| | - Marta C. Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven (TheNetherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT)University of Antwerp2020AntwerpBelgium
| | - Thomas Altantzis
- Applied Electrochemistry and Catalysis (ELCAT)University of AntwerpAntwerpen2610 WilrijkBelgium
| | - Ward van der Stam
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University3584 CGUtrecht (TheNetherlands
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8
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Wahab OJ, Kang M, Daviddi E, Walker M, Unwin PR. Screening Surface Structure-Electrochemical Activity Relationships of Copper Electrodes under CO 2 Electroreduction Conditions. ACS Catal 2022; 12:6578-6588. [PMID: 35692254 PMCID: PMC9171721 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how crystallographic orientation influences the electrocatalytic performance of metal catalysts can potentially advance the design of catalysts with improved efficiency. Although single crystal electrodes are typically used for such studies, the one-at-a-time preparation procedure limits the range of secondary crystallographic orientations that can be profiled. This work employs scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) together with co-located electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) as a screening technique to investigate how surface crystallographic orientations on polycrystalline copper (Cu) correlate to activity under CO2 electroreduction conditions. SECCM measures spatially resolved voltammetry on polycrystalline copper covering low overpotentials of CO2 conversion to intermediates, thereby screening the different activity from low-index facets where H2 evolution is dominant to high-index facets where more reaction intermediates are expected. This approach allows the acquisition of 2500 voltammograms on approximately 60 different Cu surface facets identified with EBSD. The results show that the order of activity is (111) < (100) < (110) among the Cu primary orientations. The collection of data over a wide range of secondary orientations leads to the construction of an "electrochemical-crystallographic stereographic triangle" that provides a broad comprehension of the trends among Cu secondary surface facets rarely studied in the literature, [particularly (941) and (741)], and clearly shows that the electroreduction activity scales with the step and kink density of these surfaces. This work also reveals that the electrochemical stripping of the passive layer that is naturally formed on Cu in air is strongly grain-dependent, and the relative ease of stripping on low-index facets follows the order of (100) > (111) > (110). This allows a procedure to be implemented, whereby the oxide is removed (to an electrochemically undetectable level) prior to the kinetic analyses of electroreduction activity. SECCM screening allows for the most active surfaces to be ranked and prompts in-depth follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Enrico Daviddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Marc Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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9
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Chen J, Wang L. Effects of the Catalyst Dynamic Changes and Influence of the Reaction Environment on the Performance of Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103900. [PMID: 34595773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is substantially researched due to its potential for storing intermittent renewable electricity and simultaneously helping mitigating the pressing CO2 emission concerns. The major challenge of electrochemical CO2 reduction lies on having good controls of this reaction due to its complicated reaction networks and its unusual sensitivity to the dynamic changes of the catalyst structure (chemical states, compositions, facets and morphology, etc.), and to the non-catalyst components at the electrode/electrolyte interface, in another word the reaction environments. To date, a comprehensive analysis on the interplays between the above catalyst-dynamic-changes/reaction environments and the CO2 reduction performance is rare, if not none. In this review, the catalyst dynamic changes observed during the catalysis are discussed based on the recent reports of electrochemical CO2 reduction. Then, the above dynamic changes are correlated to their effects on the catalytic performance. The influences of the reaction environments on the performance of CO2 reduction are also discussed. Finally, some perspectives on future investigations are offered with the aim of understanding the origins of the effects from the catalyst dynamic changes and the reaction environments, which will allow one to better control the CO2 reduction toward the desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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10
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Song M, Jiao Z, Jing W, Liu Y, Guo L. Revealing the Nature of C-C Coupling Sites on a Cu Surface for CO 2 Reduction. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4434-4440. [PMID: 35549269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction technology plays an important role in reducing CO2 into valuable chemical fuels. Therein, Cu-based catalysts show superior performance for producing high-value C2+ products. Here, we illustrate the ascendency of high-index facets of Cu catalysts in producing C2+ products and find that two kinds of sites favor C-C coupling on the surface. One is prone to adsorb the C-C coupling structure by spanning stepped coppers with different coordination numbers. The other is to embed the structure along two columns of Cu with similar characteristics through O and C adsorbed simultaneously. Within all research surfaces, the coupling energy barrier is lowest on the Cu(911) facet, which is consistent with the experiment. The less charged sites promote the stabilization of the CO-CO structure as determined by charge analysis. Furthermore, our results suggest that the high selectivity for C2+ products on a Cu surface could significantly come from the contribution of the high-index facet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Song
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Zihao Jiao
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Wenhao Jing
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Ya Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Liejin Guo
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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11
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Sassenburg M, de Rooij R, Nesbitt NT, Kas R, Chandrashekar S, Firet NJ, Yang K, Liu K, Blommaert MA, Kolen M, Ripepi D, Smith WA, Burdyny T. Characterizing CO 2 Reduction Catalysts on Gas Diffusion Electrodes: Comparing Activity, Selectivity, and Stability of Transition Metal Catalysts. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2022; 5:5983-5994. [PMID: 35647494 PMCID: PMC9131424 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.2c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Continued advancements in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) have emphasized that reactivity, selectivity, and stability are not explicit material properties but combined effects of the catalyst, double-layer, reaction environment, and system configuration. These realizations have steadily built upon the foundational work performed for a broad array of transition metals performed at 5 mA cm-2, which historically guided the research field. To encompass the changing advancements and mindset within the research field, an updated baseline at elevated current densities could then be of value. Here we seek to re-characterize the activity, selectivity, and stability of the five most utilized transition metal catalysts for CO2RR (Ag, Au, Pd, Sn, and Cu) at elevated reaction rates through electrochemical operation, physical characterization, and varied operating parameters to provide a renewed resource and point of comparison. As a basis, we have employed a common cell architecture, highly controlled catalyst layer morphologies and thicknesses, and fixed current densities. Through a dataset of 88 separate experiments, we provide comparisons between CO-producing catalysts (Ag, Au, and Pd), highlighting CO-limiting current densities on Au and Pd at 72 and 50 mA cm-2, respectively. We further show the instability of Sn in highly alkaline environments, and the convergence of product selectivity at elevated current densities for a Cu catalyst in neutral and alkaline media. Lastly, we reflect upon the use and limits of reaction rates as a baseline metric by comparing catalytic selectivity at 10 versus 200 mA cm-2. We hope the collective work provides a resource for researchers setting up CO2RR experiments for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sassenburg
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier de Rooij
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Nathan T. Nesbitt
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Recep Kas
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Renewable and Sustainable
Energy Institute (RASEI), University of
Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Sanjana Chandrashekar
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke J. Firet
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kailun Yang
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Liu
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn A. Blommaert
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Kolen
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Ripepi
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wilson A. Smith
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Renewable and Sustainable
Energy Institute (RASEI), University of
Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Thomas Burdyny
- Materials
for Energy Conversion and Storage (MECS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 ZH Delft, The Netherlands
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12
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Erbil HY. Precursor film formation on catalyst–electrolyte–gas boundaries during CO 2 electroreduction with gas diffusion electrodes. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01576e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin and long layers of catholyte precursor films spread near triple-phase boundaries on composite catalysts containing hydrophobic materials. Dissolved CO2 molecules in the precursor films reduce on the composite catalyst surface without depletion.
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13
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Zhu X, Huang J, Eikerling M. Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction at Silver from a Local Perspective. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Zhu
- Theory and Computation of Energy Materials (IEK-13), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Chair of Theory and Computation of Energy Materials, Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Huang
- Theory and Computation of Energy Materials (IEK-13), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Eikerling
- Theory and Computation of Energy Materials (IEK-13), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Chair of Theory and Computation of Energy Materials, Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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14
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Banerjee S, Kakekhani A, Wexler RB, Rappe AM. Mechanistic Insights into CO 2 Electroreduction on Ni 2P: Understanding Its Selectivity toward Multicarbon Products. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Arvin Kakekhani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Robert B. Wexler
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Andrew M. Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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15
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Surface characterization of copper electrocatalysts by lead underpotential deposition. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Guo D, Wang X, Yang Z, Wang W, Ning H, Wu M. Thermal Driven High Crystallinity of Bismuth as Robust Catalyst for CO
2
Electroreduction to Formate. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dianliang Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
| | - Xiaoshan Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
| | - Zhongxue Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
| | - Wenhang Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
| | - Hui Ning
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
| | - Mingbo Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum No. 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District Qingdao China 266580
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17
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Sebastián-Pascual P, Petersen AS, Bagger A, Rossmeisl J, Escudero-Escribano M. pH and Anion Effects on Cu–Phosphate Interfaces for CO Electroreduction. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sebastián-Pascual
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amanda S. Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Jiang TW, Zhou YW, Ma XY, Qin X, Li H, Ding C, Jiang B, Jiang K, Cai WB. Spectrometric Study of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Pd and Pd-B Electrodes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Wen Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ya-Wei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xian-Yin Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xianxian Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Interdisciplinary Science Research Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen-Bin Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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19
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Carvalho OQ, Adiga P, Murthy SK, Fulton JL, Gutiérrez OY, Stoerzinger KA. Understanding the Role of Surface Heterogeneities in Electrosynthesis Reactions. iScience 2020; 23:101814. [PMID: 33305178 PMCID: PMC7708810 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this perspective, we highlight the role of surface heterogeneity in electrosynthesis reactions. Heterogeneities may come in the form of distinct crystallographic facets, boundaries between facets or grains, or point defects. We approach this topic from a foundation of surface science, where signatures from model systems provide understanding of observations on more complex and higher-surface-area materials. In parallel, probe-based techniques can inform directly on spatial variation across electrode surfaces. We call attention to the role spectroscopy can play in understanding the impact of these heterogeneities in electrocatalyst activity and selectivity, particularly where these surface features have effects extending into the electrolyte double layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Quinn Carvalho
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Prajwal Adiga
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Sri Krishna Murthy
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - John L. Fulton
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Oliver Y. Gutiérrez
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Kelsey A. Stoerzinger
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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20
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Zhang Y, Fang L, Cao Z. Atomically dispersed Cu and Fe on N-doped carbon materials for CO 2 electroreduction: insight into the curvature effect on activity and selectivity. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43075-43084. [PMID: 35514934 PMCID: PMC9058126 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2ER) by single metal sites embedded in N-doped graphene (M@N-Gr, M = Cu and Fe) and carbon nanotubes (M@N-CNT, M = Cu and Fe) has been explored by extensive first-principles calculations in combination with the computational hydrogen electrode model. Both atomically dispersed Cu and Fe nanostructures, as the single atom catalysts (SACs), have higher selectivity towards CO2ER, compared to hydrogen evolution reduction (HER), and they can catalyze CO2ER to CO, HCOOH, and CH3OH. In comparison with Cu@N-Gr, the limiting potentials for generating CO, HCOOH, and CH3OH are reduced obviously on the high-curvature Cu@N-CNT. However, the curvature effect is less notable for the single-Fe-atom catalysts. Such discrepancies can be attributed to the d-band center changes of the single Cu and Fe sites and their different dependences on the curvature of carbon-based support materials. Atomically dispersed Cu/Fe catalysts have high selectivity toward CO2ER and the curvature of the catalyst support influences their activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 360015 China
| | - Lei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 360015 China
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 360015 China
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21
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Sebastián-Pascual P, Jordão Pereira I, Escudero-Escribano M. Tailored electrocatalysts by controlled electrochemical deposition and surface nanostructuring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13261-13272. [PMID: 33104137 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlled electrodeposition and surface nanostructuring are very promising approaches to tailor the structure of the electrocatalyst surface, with the aim to enhance their efficiency for sustainable energy conversion reactions. In this highlight, we first summarise different strategies to modify the structure of the electrode surface at the atomic and sub-monolayer level for applications in electrocatalysis. We discuss aspects such as structure sensitivity and electronic and geometric effects in electrocatalysis. Nanostructured surfaces are finally introduced as more scalable electrocatalysts, where morphology, cluster size, shape and distribution play an essential role and can be finely tuned. Controlled electrochemical deposition and selective engineering of the surface structure are key to design more active, selective and stable electrocatalysts towards a decarbonised energy scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sebastián-Pascual
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Inês Jordão Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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22
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Sharifi Golru S, Biddinger EJ. Effect of anion in diluted imidazolium-based ionic liquid/buffer electrolytes for CO2 electroreduction on copper. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Anastasiadou D, Hensen EJM, Figueiredo MC. Electrocatalytic synthesis of organic carbonates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13082-13092. [PMID: 33025957 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04231e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic carbonates are considered environmentally benign alternatives for various fossil-derived compounds used in the chemical industry. Replacing current costly and toxic production methods by greener alternatives offers opportunities to cover the increasing demand for these intermediates in a more sustainable manner. In this feature article, the prospect of electrochemical synthesis of organic carbonates is presented as an approach to use carbon dioxide and green electricity to arrive at such compounds. We explore the strengths and limitations of the different methods by looking into the electrode and electrolyte composition effects and operating conditions with a focus on the synthesis of dimethylcarbonate from methanol and either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. The proposed mechanisms are discussed in an effort to understand the underlying steps and their challenges. This review concludes with a perspective on the broader developments needed to turn the basic chemistry into a practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Anastasiadou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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24
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Abstract
Increasing risks from global warming impose an urgent need to develop technologically and economically feasible means to reduce CO2 content in the atmosphere. Carbon capture and utilization technologies and carbon markets have been established for this purpose. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) presents a promising solution, fulfilling carbon-neutral goals and sustainable materials production. This review aims to elaborate on various components in CO2RR reactors and relevant industrial processing. First, major performance metrics are discussed, with requirements obtained from a techno-economic analysis. Detailed discussions then emphasize on (i) technical benefits and challenges regarding different reactor types, (ii) critical features in flow cell systems that enhance CO2 diffusion compared to conventional H-cells, (iii) electrolyte and its effect on liquid phase electrolyzers, (iv) catalysts for feasible products (carbon monoxide, formic acid and multi-carbons) and (v) strategies on flow channel and anode design as next steps. Finally, specific perspectives on CO2 feeds for the reactor and downstream purification techniques are annotated as part of the CO2RR industrial processing. Overall, we focus on the component and system aspects for the design of a CO2RR reactor, while pointing out challenges and opportunities to realize the ultimate goal of viable carbon capture and utilization technology.
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25
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Wang G, Liu M, Jia J, Xu H, Zhao B, Lai K, Tu C, Wen Z. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐doped Carbon Nanosheets for Electrochemical Reduction of CO
2. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Mengyan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Huimin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Baisheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Keyuan Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 P.R. China
| | - Zhenhai Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
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26
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Tiwari A, Heenen HH, Bjørnlund AS, Maagaard T, Cho E, Chorkendorff I, Kristoffersen HH, Chan K, Horch S. Fingerprint Voltammograms of Copper Single Crystals under Alkaline Conditions: A Fundamental Mechanistic Analysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1450-1455. [PMID: 32022563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A critical step toward the systematic development of electrocatalysts is the determination of the microscopic structure and processes at the electrified solid/electrolyte interface. The major challenges toward this end for experiment and computations are achieving sufficient cleanliness and modeling the complexity of electrochemical systems, respectively. In this sense, benchmarks of well-defined model systems are sparse. This work presents a rigorous joint experimental-theoretical study on the single-crystal (SC) Cu/aqueous interface. Within typical computational uncertainties, we find quantitative agreement between simulated and experimentally measured voltammograms, which allows us to unequivocally identify the *OH adsorption feature in the fingerprint region of Cu(110), Cu(100), and Cu(111) SCs under alkaline conditions. We find the inclusion of hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics in the theoretical model to be crucial for an accurate steady-state description that gives rise to a negligible H* coverage. A purely thermodynamic description of the H* coverage through a Pourbaix analysis would incorrectly lead to a H* adsorption peak. The presented results establish a fundamental benchmark for all electrochemical applications of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Tiwari
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Hendrik H Heenen
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Anton Simon Bjørnlund
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Thomas Maagaard
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - EunAe Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , KAIST , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ib Chorkendorff
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Henrik H Kristoffersen
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Karen Chan
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Sebastian Horch
- Department of Physics , Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Fysikvej 311 , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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27
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Franco F, Rettenmaier C, Jeon HS, Roldan Cuenya B. Transition metal-based catalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction: from atoms and molecules to nanostructured materials. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6884-6946. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00835d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An overview of the main strategies for the rational design of transition metal-based catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO2, ranging from molecular systems to single-atom and nanostructured catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Franco
- Department of Interface Science
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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28
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Li H, Qin X, Jiang T, Ma X, Jiang K, Cai W. Changing the Product Selectivity for Electrocatalysis of CO
2
Reduction Reaction on Plated Cu Electrodes. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Xianxian Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Tianwen Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Yin Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Institute of Fuel Cells School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Bin Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
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29
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Feng J, Gao H, Feng J, Liu L, Zeng S, Dong H, Bai Y, Liu L, Zhang X. Morphology Modulation‐Engineered Flowerlike In
2
S
3
via Ionothermal Method for Efficient CO
2
Electroreduction. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering.University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Hongshuai Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Jianpeng Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering.University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shaojuan Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yinge Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Licheng Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering.University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 P.R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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Arminio‐Ravelo JA, Jensen AW, Jensen KD, Quinson J, Escudero‐Escribano M. Electrolyte Effects on the Electrocatalytic Performance of Iridium‐Based Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution in Rotating Disc Electrodes. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2956-2963. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anders W. Jensen
- Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5a DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Kim D. Jensen
- Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5a DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Jonathan Quinson
- Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5a DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra E. de Jongh
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht University Universiteitweg 99 3584 Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of Ottawa 10 Marie Curie Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China
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