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Qi K, Imparato C, Almjasheva O, Khataee A, Zheng W. TiO 2-based photocatalysts from type-II to S-scheme heterojunction and their applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:150-191. [PMID: 38968635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is a promising sustainable technology to remove organic pollution and convert solar energy into chemical energy. Titanium dioxide has drawn extensive attention in this field owing to its high activity under UV light, good chemical stability, large availability, low price and low toxicity. However, the poor quantum efficiency derived from fast electron/hole recombination, the limited utilization of sunlight, and a weak reducing ability still hinder its practical application. Among the modification strategies of TiO2 to enhance its performance, the construction of heterojunctions with other semiconductors is a powerful and versatile way to maximise the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and steer their transport toward enhanced efficiency and selectivity. Here, the research progress and current status of TiO2 modification are reviewed, focusing on heterojunctions. A rapid evolution of the understanding of the different charge transfer mechanisms is witnessed from traditional type II to the recently conceptualised S-scheme. Particular attention is paid to different synthetic approaches and interface engineering methods designed to improve and control the interfacial charge transfer, and several cases of TiO2 heterostructures with metal oxides, metal sulfides and carbon nitride are discussed. The application hotspots of TiO2-based photocatalysts are summarized, including hydrogen generation by water splitting, solar fuel production by CO2 conversion, and the degradation of organic water pollutants. Hints about less studied and emerging processes are also provided. Finally, the main issues and challenges related to the sustainability and scalability of photocatalytic technologies in view of their commercialization are highlighted, outlining future directions of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhen Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Claudio Imparato
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Oksana Almjasheva
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, Tianjin, China.
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2
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Wei F, Zhang Q, Ren Q, Chen H, Zhang Y, Liang Z. Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO 2 Composites as Adsorbents for Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Removal. Molecules 2024; 29:4477. [PMID: 39339472 PMCID: PMC11434544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were utilized to characterize the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites employed for simulating levofloxacin hydrochloride in wastewater. The impact of the mass of the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite, concentration of levofloxacin hydrochloride, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance was investigated. Experimental findings indicated that at pH 6, the maximum removal efficiency of levofloxacin hydrochloride by the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite was achieved at 88.8%, with an adsorption capacity of 246.3 mg/g. To analyze the experimental data, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were applied, revealing that the pseudo-second-order model provided a better fit to the data. Additionally, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to study equilibrium adsorption behavior and showed good agreement with both kinetic modeling and Langmuir isotherm analysis results. These observations suggest that monolayer adsorption predominates during the removal process of levofloxacin hydrochloride by Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qinhui Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hongliang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yutao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhao Liang
- Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China
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Liu W, Li B, Zhao J. Efficient adsorption and photodegradation of various organic dyes over B-doped TiO2-x. CATAL COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2023.106651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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4
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Anagnostopoulou M, Zindrou A, Cottineau T, Kafizas A, Marchal C, Deligiannakis Y, Keller V, Christoforidis KC. MOF-Derived Defective Co 3O 4 Nanosheets in Carbon Nitride Nanocomposites for CO 2 Photoreduction and H 2 Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6817-6830. [PMID: 36719032 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In photocatalysis, especially in CO2 reduction and H2 production, the development of multicomponent nanomaterials provides great opportunities to tune many critical parameters toward increased activity. This work reports the development of tunable organic/inorganic heterojunctions comprised of cobalt oxides (Co3O4) of varying morphology and modified carbon nitride (CN), targeting on optimizing their response under UV-visible irradiation. MOF structures were used as precursors for the synthesis of Co3O4. A facile solvothermal approach allowed the development of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) Co3O4 nanosheets (Co3O4-NS). The optimized CN and Co3O4 structures were coupled forming heterojunctions, and the content of each part was optimized. Activity was significantly improved in the nanocomposites bearing Co3O4-NS compared with the corresponding bulk Co3O4/CN composites. Transient absorption spectroscopy revealed a 100-fold increase in charge carrier lifetime on Co3O4-NS sites in the composite compared with the bare Co3O4-NS. The improved photocatalytic activity in H2 production and CO2 reduction is linked with (a) the larger interface imposed from the matching 2D structure of Co3O4-NS and the planar surface of CN, (b) improvements in charge carrier lifetime, and (c) the enhanced CO2 adsorption. The study highlights the importance of MOF structures used as precursors in forming advanced materials and the stepwise functionalization of the individual parts in nanocomposites for the development of materials with superior activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anagnostopoulou
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés Pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, (ICPEES) UMR7515 CNRS, ECPM, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel Cedex 2, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Areti Zindrou
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Thomas Cottineau
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés Pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, (ICPEES) UMR7515 CNRS, ECPM, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel Cedex 2, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Andreas Kafizas
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdon
| | - Clément Marchal
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés Pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, (ICPEES) UMR7515 CNRS, ECPM, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel Cedex 2, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | | | - Valérie Keller
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés Pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, (ICPEES) UMR7515 CNRS, ECPM, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel Cedex 2, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Konstantinos C Christoforidis
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés Pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, (ICPEES) UMR7515 CNRS, ECPM, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel Cedex 2, Strasbourg 67084, France
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi 67100, Greece
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Fabrication of Anderson-Polyoxometalates/TiO2/C3N4 heterojunction composite for efficient visible-light-driven photooxidative desulfurization. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.112916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Wu C, Dai J, Ma J, Zhang T, Qiang L, Xue J. Mechanistic study of B-TiO2/BiVO4 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for tetracycline hydrochloride removal and H2 production. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Controlled photodeposition of Pt onto TiO2-g-C3N4 systems for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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The Synthesis of the P/N-Type NdCoO3/g-C3N4 Nano-Heterojunction as a High-Performance Photocatalyst for the Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Pollutants under Visible-Light Irradiation. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Fang Y, Hou Y, Fu X, Wang X. Semiconducting Polymers for Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Light Illumination. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4204-4256. [PMID: 35025505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel has stimulated intensive scientific interest, as this technology has the potential to revolutionize fossil fuel-based energy systems in modern society. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) determines the performance of overall water splitting owing to its sluggish kinetics with multielectron transfer processing. Polymeric photocatalysts have recently been developed for the OER, and substantial progress has been realized in this emerging research field. In this Review, the focus is on the photocatalytic technologies and materials of polymeric photocatalysts for the OER. Two practical systems, namely, particle suspension systems and film-based photoelectrochemical systems, form two main sections. The concept is reviewed in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics, and polymeric photocatalysts are discussed based on three key characteristics, namely, light absorption, charge separation and transfer, and surface oxidation reactions. A satisfactory OER performance by polymeric photocatalysts will eventually offer a platform to achieve overall water splitting and other advanced applications in a cost-effective, sustainable, and renewable manner using solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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Alaghmandfard A, Ghandi K. A Comprehensive Review of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C 3N 4)-Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites: Potential for Photocatalysis and Sensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:294. [PMID: 35055311 PMCID: PMC8779993 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
g-C3N4 has drawn lots of attention due to its photocatalytic activity, low-cost and facile synthesis, and interesting layered structure. However, to improve some of the properties of g-C3N4, such as photochemical stability, electrical band structure, and to decrease charge recombination rate, and towards effective light-harvesting, g-C3N4-metal oxide-based heterojunctions have been introduced. In this review, we initially discussed the preparation, modification, and physical properties of the g-C3N4 and then, we discussed the combination of g-C3N4 with various metal oxides such as TiO2, ZnO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, WO3, SnO, SnO2, etc. We summarized some of their characteristic properties of these heterojunctions, their optical features, photocatalytic performance, and electrical band edge positions. This review covers recent advances, including applications in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photodegradation of organic pollutants, sensors, bacterial disinfection, and supercapacitors. We show that metal oxides can improve the efficiency of the bare g-C3N4 to make the composites suitable for a wide range of applications. Finally, this review provides some perspectives, limitations, and challenges in investigation of g-C3N4-metal-oxide-based heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khashayar Ghandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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Karuppusamy N, Mariyappan V, Chen SM, Keerthi M, Ramachandran R. A simple electrochemical sensor for quercetin detection based on cadmium telluride nanoparticle incorporated on boron, sulfur co-doped reduced graphene oxide composite. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Wang M, Xu H, Huang C, Cui Z, Li M, Song B, Shao G, Wang H, Lu H, Zhang R. Preparation of g-C3N4/diatomite composite with improved visible light photocatalytic activity. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Montini T, Gombac V, Delgado JJ, Venezia AM, Adami G, Fornasiero P. Sustainable photocatalytic synthesis of benzimidazoles. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kumar A, Kumar A, Krishnan V. Perovskite Oxide Based Materials for Energy and Environment-Oriented Photocatalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Venkata Krishnan
- School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
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