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Liu Z, Yan L, Jiang Q, Huang Y, Yang C, Wang C, Lu X, Ma L, Zhang Q. Catalytic Conversion of Levulinic Acid to Pyrrolidone under Mild Conditions with Disordered Mesoporous Silica-Supported Pt Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202301046. [PMID: 37643991 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) into high-valued 5-methylpyrrolidones has become an attractive case in studies of biomass utilization. Herein, we developed a disordered mesoporous Pt/MNS catalyst for this reductive amination process under room temperature and atmospheric pressure of hydrogen. The disordered mesoporous structures in support of Pt/MNS catalyst led the formation of highly dispersed Pt species via confinement effect, providing high specific area for enhancing the catalytic sites. With the synergistic effect between highly dispersed Pt species and mesoporous structures, 5-methylpyrrolidones were successfully synthesized from biomass-derived LA and primary amines with high selectivity. Mechanism studies indicated that introducing protonic acid would promote the reductive-amination process, and enamine intermediates could be detected during the in-situ DRIFT tests. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirmed that the hydrogenation of enamine intermediate was more accessible than that of imide intermediates, leading the excellent performance of the Pt/MNS catalyst. This work provided a green method to produce 5-methylpyrrolidone and revealed the impact of catalyst structural characteristics on the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Liu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Long Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Huang
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chengmei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Wang J, Lu X, Guo M, Zhang R, Xiong J, Qiao Y, Yu Z. Reductive Amination of Levulinic Acid to Pyrrolidones: Key Step in Biomass Valorization towards Nitrogen-Containing Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202301091. [PMID: 37656427 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the field of biomass conversion is gradually moving towards an encouraging stage. The preparation of nitrogen-containing chemicals using various biomass resources instead of fossil resources do not only reduce carbon emissions, but also diversify the products of biomass conversion, thus increasing the economic competitiveness of biomass refining systems. Levulinic acid (LA) can be used as a promising intermediate in biomass conversion for further synthesis of pyrrolidone via reductive amination. However, there are still many critical issues to be solved. Particularly, the specific effects of catalysts on the performance of LA reductive amination have not been sufficiently revealed, and the potential impacts of key conditional factors have not been clearly elucidated. In view of this, this review attempts to provide theoretical insights through an in-depth interpretation of the above key issues. The contribution of catalysts to the reductive amination of LA as well as the catalyst structural preferences for improving catalytic performance are discussed. In addition, the role of key conditional factors is discussed. The insights presented in this review will contribute to the design of catalyst nanostructures and the rational configuration of green reaction conditions, which may provide inspiration to facilitate the nitrogen-related transformation of more biomass platform molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Mengyan Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Guo J, Li F, Chu Y, Zou P, Li C. Conversion of Levulinic Acid and its Esters to 1,5-dimethyl-2-Pyrrolidone over a Nonnoble Metallic Ni@CeOx Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300754. [PMID: 37477629 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
1,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone (MNMP), as a highly efficient green solvent, can be obtained from biomass-derived levulinic acid and its esters with 100 % conversion and 96.8 % yield over a 10 % Ni@CeOx catalyst at 140 °C, 2 MPa H2 , 8 h, and with water as the solvent. Structure-property correlation investigations were performed with diverse characterization methods, including BET, XRD, XPS, TEM, HAADF-STEM, H2 -TPR, NH3 -TPD, CO2 -TPD and FT-IR, and the results revealed that the excellent catalytic performance of the 10 % Ni@CeOx catalyst was mainly resulted from the strong interaction between Ni and CeOx, which formed more catalytic active sites and contributed to higher reductive amination efficiency. Besides, the 10 % Ni@CeOx catalyst had a chemisorption effect on LA. This was also the key to the excellent catalytic activity of the 10 % Ni@CeOx catalyst. The 10 % Ni@CeOx catalyst exhibited great stability throughout 6 reaction runs and excellent catalytic efficiency in the kilogram scale preparation of MNMP. This work provides a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalytic system for the production of MNMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Feng Li
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Yuting Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co. Ltd., Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Chuang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, China
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Recent Advances in the Efficient Synthesis of Useful Amines from Biomass-Based Furan Compounds and Their Derivatives over Heterogeneous Catalysts. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based furanic oxygenates represent a well-known class of lignocellulosic biomass-derived platform molecules. In the presence of H2 and different nitrogen sources, these versatile building blocks can be transformed into valuable amine compounds via reductive amination or hydrogen-borrowing amination mechanisms, yet they still face many challenges due to the co-existence of many side-reactions, such as direct hydrogenation, polymerization and cyclization. Hence, catalysts with specific structures and functions are required to achieve satisfactory yields of target amines. In recent years, heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of amines from bio-based furanic oxygenates has received extensive attention. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent significant progress in the generation of useful amines from bio-based furanic oxygenates with H2 and different nitrogen sources over heterogeneous catalysts, according to various raw materials and reaction pathways. The key factors affecting catalytic performances, such as active metals, supports, promoters, reaction solvents and conditions, as well as the possible reaction routes and catalytic reaction mechanisms are studied and discussed in depth. Special attention is paid to the structure–activity relationship, which would be helpful for the development of more efficient and stable heterogeneous catalysts. Moreover, the future research direction and development trend of the efficient synthesis for bio-based amines are prospected.
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Zhang‡ Z, Chen‡ X, Wang B, Wang L, Li Y, Yan X, Chen L. Continuous synthesis of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol over CuCrSr/Al 2O 3: effect of Sr promoter †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9576-9584. [PMID: 36968054 PMCID: PMC10037677 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A continuous process was developed for catalytic hydrogenation of triacetoneamine (TAA) to 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (TMP), both of which are indispensable raw materials of hindered amine light stabilizers. A series of promoter-modified CuCr/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and evaluated by the above reaction. The effect of promoter on the catalytic performance was explored by characterization tools, in which, CuCrSr/Al2O3 exhibited excellent catalytic performance with nearly complete conversion of TAA and over 97% selectivity of TMP at 120 °C. The characterization results indicated that the doped Sr could decrease the size of Cu nanoparticles to provide more active sites, improve the ratio of Cu+/Cu0 to promote the adsorption of substrates, and reduce the surface acidity to depress side reactions, thus remarkably enhancing catalytic performance. This work provides a low-cost, reliable and efficient strategy for the continuous industrial production of TMP. Sr-modified CuCr/Al2O3 catalysts effectively promote the continuous process of catalytic hydrogenation from TAA to TMP.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhang‡
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityShaoxingZhejiang 312300P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine ChemicalsTianjinP. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Industry Jieyang CenterGuangdong Province 522000P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen‡
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009P. R. China
| | - Bowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityShaoxingZhejiang 312300P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine ChemicalsTianjinP. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Industry Jieyang CenterGuangdong Province 522000P. R. China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine ChemicalsTianjinP. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Industry Jieyang CenterGuangdong Province 522000P. R. China
| | - Xilong Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine ChemicalsTianjinP. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Industry Jieyang CenterGuangdong Province 522000P. R. China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350P. R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityShaoxingZhejiang 312300P. R. China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine ChemicalsTianjinP. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Industry Jieyang CenterGuangdong Province 522000P. R. China
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Levulinic Acid Is a Key Strategic Chemical from Biomass. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the top twelve chemicals listed by the US Department of Energy that can be derived from biomass. It serves as a building block and platform chemical for producing a variety of chemicals, fuels and materials which are currently produced in fossil based refineries. LA is a key strategic chemical, as fuel grade chemicals and plastic substitutes can be produced by its catalytic conversion. LA derivatisation to various product streams, such as alkyl levulinates via esterification, γ-valerolactone via hydrogenation and N-substituted pyrrolidones via reductive amination and many other transformations of commercial utility are possible owing to the two oxygen functionalities, namely, carbonyl and carboxyl groups, present within the same substrate. Various biomass feedstock, such as agricultural wastes, marine macroalgae, and fresh water microalgae were successfully converted to LA in high yields. Finding a substitute to mineral acid catalysts for the conversion of biomass to LA is a challenge. The use of an ultrasound technique facilitated the production of promising nano-solid acid catalysts including Ga salt of molybophosphoric acid and Ga deposited mordenite zeolite, with optimum amounts of Lewis and Bronsted acidities needed for the conversion of glucose to LA in high yields, being 56 and 59.9 wt.% respectively. Microwave irradiation technology was successfully utilized for the accelerated production of LA (53 wt.%) from glucose in a short duration of 6 min, making use of the unique synergistic catalytic activity of ZnBr2 and HCl.
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