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Javed A, Singh J. Process intensification for sustainable extraction of metals from e-waste: challenges and opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:9886-9919. [PMID: 36995505 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The electrical and electronic waste is expected to increase up to 74.7 million metric tons by 2030 due to the unparalleled replacement rate of electronic devices, depleting the conventional sources of valuable metals such as rare earth elements, platinum group metals, Co, Sb, Mo, Li, Ni, Cu, Ag, Sn, Au, and Cr. Most of the current techniques for recycling, recovering, and disposing of e-waste are inappropriate and therefore contaminate the land, air, and water due to the release of hazardous compounds into the environment. Hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy are two such conventional methods used extensively for metal recovery from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). However, environmental repercussions and higher energy requirements are the key drawbacks that prevent their widespread application. Thus, to ensure the environment and elemental sustainability, novel processes and technologies must be developed for e-waste management with enhanced recovery and reuse of the valued elements. Therefore, the goal of the current work is to examine the batch and continuous processes of metal extraction from e-waste. In addition to the conventional devices, microfluidic devices have been also analyzed for microflow metal extraction. In microfluidic devices, it has been observed that the large specific surface area and short diffusion distance of microfluidic devices are advantageous for the efficient extraction of metals. Additionally, cutting-edge technologies have been proposed to enhance the recovery, reusability, and recycling of e-waste. The current study may support decision-making by researchers in deciding the direction of future research and moving toward sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaliya Javed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, 395007, India
| | - Jogender Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, 395007, India.
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2
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de Los Santos-Ramirez JM, Boyas-Chavez PG, Cerrillos-Ordoñez A, Mata-Gomez M, Gallo-Villanueva RC, Perez-Gonzalez VH. Trends and challenges in microfluidic methods for protein manipulation-A review. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:69-100. [PMID: 37259641 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are important molecules involved in an immensely large number of biological processes. Being capable of manipulating proteins is critical for developing reliable and affordable techniques to analyze and/or detect them. Such techniques would enable the production of therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases or other biotechnological applications (e.g., bioreactors or biocatalysis). Microfluidic technology represents a potential solution to protein manipulation challenges because of the diverse phenomena that can be exploited to achieve micro- and nanoparticle manipulation. In this review, we discuss recent contributions made in the field of protein manipulation in microfluidic systems using different physicochemical principles and techniques, some of which are miniaturized versions of already established macro-scale techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo G Boyas-Chavez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | - Marco Mata-Gomez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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3
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Phakoukaki YV, O'Shaughnessy P, Angeli P. Flow patterns of ionic liquid based aqueous biphasic systems in small channels. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Villarreal-Lucio DS, Vargas-Berrones KX, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramíez R. Molecularly imprinted polymers for environmental adsorption applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89923-89942. [PMID: 36370309 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) are synthetic materials with pores or cavities to specifically retain a molecule of interest or analyte. Their synthesis consists of the generation of three-dimensional polymers with specific shapes, arrangements, orientations, and bonds to selectively retain a particular molecule called target. After target removal from the binding sites, it leaves empty cavities to be re-occupied by the analyte or a highly related compound. MIPs have been used in areas that require high selectivity (e.g., chromatographic methods, sensors, and contaminant removal). However, the most widely used application is their use as a highly selective extraction material because of its low cost, easy preparation, reversible adsorption and desorption, and thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability. Emerging pollutants are traces of substances recently found in wastewater, river waters, and drinking water samples that represent a special concern for human and ecological health. The low concentration in which these pollutants is found in the environment, and the complexity of their chemical structures makes the current wastewater treatment not efficient for complete degradation. Moreover, these substances are not yet regulated or controlled for their discharge into the environment. According to the literature, MIPs, as a highly selective adsorbent material, are a promising approach for the quantification and monitoring of emerging pollutants in complex matrices. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to give an overview of the actual state-of-art of applications of MIPs in the recovery and concentration of emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Samantha Villarreal-Lucio
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Karla Ximena Vargas-Berrones
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P. 78260, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramíez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, México.
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5
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Ge XH, Huang XL, Huang SZ, Zhang HF, Wang XD, Ye CS, Qiu T, Xu K. Enhanced solvent extraction in a serial converging-diverging microchannel at high injection ratio. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Effects of aqueous systems and stabilization membranes on the separation of an antibiotic precursor in a microextractor. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Phakoukaki YV, O'Shaughnessy P, Angeli P. Intensified liquid-liquid extraction of biomolecules using ionic liquids in small channels. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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8
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Non-Invasive Manipulation of Two-Phase Liquid-Liquid Slug Flow Parameters Using Magnetofluidics. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12121449. [PMID: 34945299 PMCID: PMC8706062 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid slug flow in a microcapillary, with its improved heat and mass transfer properties and narrow residence time, plays a vital role in process intensification. Knowledge of the flow properties in microchannels along variables' controllability (e.g., phase ratio, slug length along with classical variables, such as pressure, temperature, and flow velocity) during operation is crucial. This work aids in this by using magnetofluidics to manipulate these parameters. A ferrofluid with reproducible properties is produced and, together with another phase, stable slug flow is generated. Micro-gear pumps and syringe pumps, with their traditional mechanical components, result in parts degrading over time due to fatigue caused by pressure differentials and corrosive chemicals. The microflow is also disturbed by the invasive nature of these pumps. A considerably energy-efficient, non-invasive alternative, with reduced mechanical interfacing is suggested in this work. It uses magnetic gradients to manipulate two-phase flow, one of which is a magnetically active phase. Conveying concepts using permanent magnets in the immediate vicinity of the flow are investigated. To operate this pump continuously and to be able to regulate the phase ratio, an electromagnetic non-invasive valve is developed. Phase separation is also carried out with an existing decanter design, modified using electromagnetism to work without a selective membrane, usually necessary for phase separation at this scale. This pump is then compared with similar pumps developed in the past.
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Alidoust M, Baharfar M, Manouchehri M, Yamini Y, Tajik M, Seidi S. Emergence of microfluidic devices in sample extraction; an overview of diverse methodologies, principals, and recent advancements. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Modeling of CCLP in koryo extract production. CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS MODELING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/cppm-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The modeling of counter-current leaching plant (CCLP) in Koryo Extract Production is presented in this paper. Koryo medicine is a natural physic to be used for a diet and the medical care. The counter-current leaching method is mainly used for producing Koryo medicine. The purpose of the modeling in the previous works is to indicate the concentration distributions, and not to describe the model for the process control. In literature, there are no nearly the papers for modeling CCLP and especially not the presence of papers that have described the issue for extracting the effective components from the Koryo medicinal materials. First, this paper presents that CCLP can be shown like the equivalent process consisting of two tanks, where there is a shaking apparatus, respectively. It allows leachate to flow between two tanks. Then, this paper presents the principle model for CCLP and the state space model on based it. The accuracy of the model has been verified from experiments made at CCLP in the Koryo Extract Production at the Gang Gyi Koryo Manufacture Factory.
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11
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Payne EM, Wells SS, Kennedy RT. Continuous and automated slug flow nanoextraction for rapid partition coefficient measurement. Analyst 2021; 146:5722-5731. [PMID: 34515695 PMCID: PMC8442929 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Octanol-water partition coefficients (log Kow) are widely used in pharmaceutical and environmental chemistry to assess the lipophilicity of compounds. Traditionally log Kow is determined using a shake-flask method that uses milliliters of sample and solvent and requires hours for preparation, extraction, and analysis. Here, we report an automated system for rapid log Kow determination for an array of compounds using slug flow nanoextraction (SFNE) enabled by a microfluidic chip. In the method, an autosampler is used to introduce 1 μL of sample into a microfluidic device that segments the injected volume into a series of 4 nL slugs that are each paired to an adjacent octanol slug. Each octanol-water phase pair is compartmentalized by an immiscible fluorous carrier fluid. During flow, rapid extraction occurs at each octanol-water interface. The resulting linear array of slugs flows into an online UV absorbance detector that is used to determine concentrations in the phases, allowing the log Kow to be measured. The microfluidic device allows toggling between two-phase "aqueous plug" generation (aqueous sample separated by fluorous carrier fluid) and three-phase "phase pair" generation. In this way, online calibration for detection in the aqueous phase can be achieved. The method is applied to determining log Kow for a panel of seven pharmaceutical compounds, including complete calibration curves, at three different pHs in under 2 h using 5 μL of extraction standard and 2.9 μL of octanol per extraction standard analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emory M Payne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA.
| | - Shane S Wells
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA.
| | - Robert T Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA.
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12
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Houng P, Murakami Y, Shimoyama Y. Micro-mixing in flow-type process for supercritical CO2 extraction of ferulic acid and gallic acid from aqueous solution. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Al-Azzawi M, Mjalli FS, Husain A, Al-Dahhan M. A Review on the Hydrodynamics of the Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in the Microchannels. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marwah Al-Azzawi
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Muscat, Oman
| | - Farouq S. Mjalli
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Muscat, Oman
| | - Afzal Husain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Muscat, Oman
| | - Muthanna Al-Dahhan
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
- Mining and Nuclear Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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14
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Chen TY, Desir P, Bracconi M, Saha B, Maestri M, Vlachos DG. Liquid–Liquid Microfluidic Flows for Ultrafast 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural Extraction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ying Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Pierre Desir
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Mauro Bracconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Basudeb Saha
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Matteo Maestri
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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15
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Polyakova M, Diekmann A, Grünewald M. Overview of Innovative Technologies in Liquid‐Liquid Extraction Regarding Flexibility. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Polyakova
- Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Fluid Separations Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Anna‐Lena Diekmann
- Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Fluid Separations Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Marcus Grünewald
- Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Fluid Separations Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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16
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Romanov A, Slouka Z, Přibyl M. Electric-field-enhanced selective separation of products of an enzymatic reaction in a membrane micro-contactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:715-724. [PMID: 33049066 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Processes employed in separations of products of enzyme reactions are often driven by diffusion, and their efficiency can be limited. Here, we exploit the effect of a direct current (DC) electric field that intensifies mass transfer through a semipermeable membrane for fast, continuous, and selective separation of electrically charged molecules. Specifically, we separate low-molecular-weight reaction products (phenylacetic acid, 6-aminopenicillanic acid) from the original reaction mixture containing a free enzyme (penicillin acylase). The developed microfluidic dialysis-membrane contactor allows a stable counter-current arrangement of the retentate and permeates liquid streams on which DC electric field is perpendicularly applied. The applied electric field significantly accelerates the transport of electrically charged products through the semipermeable membrane yielding high separation efficiencies at short residence times. The residence time of 5 min is sufficient to reach 100% separation yield in the electric field. The same residence time provides only a 50% yield in the diffusion-controlled experiments. We experimentally demonstrated that a combined microreactor-microextractor with a recycle of the soluble penicillin acylase can continuously produce both the reaction products at high concentrations. The developed membrane-contactor is a versatile platform allowing to tune its characteristics, such as selectivity given by the membrane, or the type of the retentate phase, for a specific application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Romanov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Slouka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Přibyl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
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17
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Al-Azzawi M, Husain A, Mjalli FS, Al-Wahaibi T, Al-Hashmi A, Abu-Jdayil B. Hydrodynamic Investigation on Deep Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel at the Microscale. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marwah Al-Azzawi
- Sultan Qaboos University Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 33 Muscat Oman
| | - Afzal Husain
- Sultan Qaboos University Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering P.O. Box 33 Muscat Oman
| | - Farouk S. Mjalli
- Sultan Qaboos University Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 33 Muscat Oman
| | - Talal Al-Wahaibi
- Sultan Qaboos University Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 33 Muscat Oman
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Hashmi
- Sultan Qaboos University Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering P.O. Box 33 Muscat Oman
| | - Basim Abu-Jdayil
- United Arab Emirates University Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering P.O. Box 15551 Al Ain United Arab Emirates
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18
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Houng P, Murakami Y, Shimoyama Y. Effect of slug flow pattern on supercritical extraction of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Effect of physical properties of dispersed phase on the residence time distribution in straight capillaries. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Zaquen N, Rubens M, Corrigan N, Xu J, Zetterlund PB, Boyer C, Junkers T. Polymer Synthesis in Continuous Flow Reactors. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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21
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Gérardy R, Debecker DP, Estager J, Luis P, Monbaliu JCM. Continuous Flow Upgrading of Selected C 2-C 6 Platform Chemicals Derived from Biomass. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7219-7347. [PMID: 32667196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ever increasing industrial production of commodity and specialty chemicals inexorably depletes the finite primary fossil resources available on Earth. The forecast of population growth over the next 3 decades is a very strong incentive for the identification of alternative primary resources other than petro-based ones. In contrast with fossil resources, renewable biomass is a virtually inexhaustible reservoir of chemical building blocks. Shifting the current industrial paradigm from almost exclusively petro-based resources to alternative bio-based raw materials requires more than vibrant political messages; it requires a profound revision of the concepts and technologies on which industrial chemical processes rely. Only a small fraction of molecules extracted from biomass bears significant chemical and commercial potentials to be considered as ubiquitous chemical platforms upon which a new, bio-based industry can thrive. Owing to its inherent assets in terms of unique process experience, scalability, and reduced environmental footprint, flow chemistry arguably has a major role to play in this context. This review covers a selection of C2 to C6 bio-based chemical platforms with existing commercial markets including polyols (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, glycerol, 1,4-butanediol, xylitol, and sorbitol), furanoids (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) and carboxylic acids (lactic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, and levulinic acid). The aim of this review is to illustrate the various aspects of upgrading bio-based platform molecules toward commodity or specialty chemicals using new process concepts that fall under the umbrella of continuous flow technology and that could change the future perspectives of biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romaric Gérardy
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Damien P Debecker
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Research & Innovation Centre for Process Engineering (ReCIPE), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Julien Estager
- Certech, Rue Jules Bordet 45, Zone Industrielle C, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Patricia Luis
- Research & Innovation Centre for Process Engineering (ReCIPE), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Materials & Process Engineering (iMMC-IMAP), UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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22
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Lan W, Liu D, Guo X, Liu A, Sun Q, Li X, Jing S, Li S. Study on Liquid–Liquid Droplet Flow Separation in a T-Shaped Microseparator. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Xuqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Aixian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Xingxun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shan Jing
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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Karami M, Yamini Y. On-disc electromembrane extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: A fast and effective method for extraction and determination of ionic target analytes from complex biofluids by GC/MS. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1105:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Sui J, Yan J, Liu D, Wang K, Luo G. Continuous Synthesis of Nanocrystals via Flow Chemistry Technology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902828. [PMID: 31755221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Modern nanotechnologies bring humanity to a new age, and advanced methods for preparing functional nanocrystals are cornerstones. A considerable variety of nanomaterials has been created over the past decades, but few were prepared on the macro scale, even fewer making it to the stage of industrial production. The gap between academic research and engineering production is expected to be filled by flow chemistry technology, which relies on microreactors. Microreaction devices and technologies for synthesizing different kinds of nanocrystals are discussed from an engineering point of view. The advantages of microreactors, the important features of flow chemistry systems, and methods to apply them in the syntheses of salt, oxide, metal, alloy, and quantum dot nanomaterials are summarized. To further exhibit the scaling-up of nanocrystal synthesis, recent reports on using microreactors with gram per hour and larger production rates are highlighted. Finally, an industrial example for preparing 10 tons of CaCO3 nanoparticles per day is introduced, which shows the great potential for flow chemistry processes to transfer lab research to industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Sui
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junyu Yan
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Di Liu
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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25
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Review on microfluidic device applications for fluids separation and water treatment processes. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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26
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Dudek M, Vik EA, Aanesen SV, Øye G. Colloid chemistry and experimental techniques for understanding fundamental behaviour of produced water in oil and gas production. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 276:102105. [PMID: 31978641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasing volumes of produced water and environmental concerns related to its discharge, water treatment has become a major challenge during the production of crude oil and natural gas. With continuously stricter regulations for discharging produced water to sea, the operators are obliged to look for ways to improve the treatment processes or re-use the water in a beneficial way, for example as a pressure support during oil recovery (produced water re-injection). To improve the knowledge of the underlying phenomena governing separation processes, detailed information of the composition and interfacial properties of produced water is undoubtedly useful and could provide valuable input for better understanding and improving separation models. This review article summarizes knowledge gained about produced water composition and the most common treatment technologies, which are later used to describe the fundamental phenomena occurring during separation. These colloidal interactions, such as coalescence of oil droplets, bubble-droplet attachment or partitioning of components between oil and water, are of crucial importance for the performance of various technologies and are sometimes overlooked in physical considerations of produced water treatment. The last part of the review deals with the experimental methodologies that are available to study these phenomena, provide data for models and support development of more efficient separation processes.
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Geng Y, Ling S, Huang J, Xu J. Multiphase Microfluidics: Fundamentals, Fabrication, and Functions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906357. [PMID: 31913575 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiphase microfluidics enables an alternative approach with many possibilities in studying, analyzing, and manufacturing functional materials due to its numerous benefits over macroscale methods, such as its ultimate controllability, stability, heat and mass transfer capacity, etc. In addition to its immense potential in biomedical applications, multiphase microfluidics also offers new opportunities in various industrial practices including extraction, catalysis loading, and fabrication of ultralight materials. Herein, aiming to give preliminary guidance for researchers from different backgrounds, a comprehensive overview of the formation mechanism, fabrication methods, and emerging applications of multiphase microfluidics using different systems is provided. Finally, major challenges facing the field are illustrated while discussing potential prospects for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - SiDa Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinpei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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28
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Microfluidic solvent extraction of calcium: Modeling and optimization of the process variables. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Desir P, Chen TY, Bracconi M, Saha B, Maestri M, Vlachos DG. Experiments and computations of microfluidic liquid–liquid flow patterns. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00332k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A high accuracy model is built using machine learning to predict flow patterns, providing a powerful tool for continuous flow microreactor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Desir
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Delaware 19716
- USA
| | - Tai-Ying Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Delaware 19716
- USA
| | - Mauro Bracconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes
- Dipartimento di Energia
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20156 Milano
- Italy
| | - Basudeb Saha
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation
- Delaware 19716
- USA
| | - Matteo Maestri
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes
- Dipartimento di Energia
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20156 Milano
- Italy
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Delaware 19716
- USA
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation
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30
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Solvent extraction kinetics of Ag(I) with methyl ketonic p-tert-octylcalix[4]arene in the modified Lewis cell technique. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-018-0807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Separation efficiency of parallel flow microfluidic extractors with transport enhanced by electric field. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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32
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Bascone D, Angeli P, Fraga ES. A modelling approach for the comparison between intensified extraction in small channels and conventional solvent extraction technologies. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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34
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Radhakrishnan AP, Pradas M, Sorensen E, Kalliadasis S, Gavriilidis A. Hydrodynamic Characterization of Phase Separation in Devices with Microfabricated Capillaries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8199-8209. [PMID: 31184901 PMCID: PMC7007251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Capillary microseparators have been gaining interest in downstream unit operations, especially for pharmaceutical, space, and nuclear applications, offering efficient separation of two-phase flows. In this work, a detailed analysis of the dynamics of gas?liquid separation at the single meniscus level helped to formulate a model to map the operability region of microseparation devices. A water?nitrogen segmented flow was separated in a microfabricated silicon-glass device, with a main channel (width, W = 600 ?m; height, H = 120 ?m) leading into an array of 276 capillaries (100 ?m long; width = 5 ?m facing the main channel and 25 ?m facing the liquid outlet), on both sides of the channel. At optimal pressure differences, the wetting phase (water) flowed through the capillaries into the liquid outlet, whereas the nonwetting phase (nitrogen) flowed past the capillaries into the gas outlet. A high-speed imaging methodology aided by computational analysis was used to quantify the length of the liquid slugs and their positions in the separation zone. It was observed that during stable separation, the position of the leading edge of the liquid slugs (advancing meniscus), which became stationary in the separation zone, was dependent only on the outlet pressure difference. The trailing edge of the liquid slugs (receding meniscus) approached the advancing meniscus at a constant speed, thus leading to a linear decrease of the liquid slug length. Close to the liquid-to-gas breakthrough point, that is, when water exited through the gas outlet, the advancing meniscus was no longer stationary, and the slug lengths decreased exponentially. The rates of decrease of the liquid slug length during separation were accurately estimated by the model, and the calculated liquid-to-gas breakthrough pressures agreed with experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand
N. P. Radhakrishnan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Marc Pradas
- School
of Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering
& Mathematics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, U.K.
| | - Eva Sorensen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Serafim Kalliadasis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
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35
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Zhang H, Shang M, Shen C, Li G, Su Y. Continuous Extraction of Gold(III) Using Pyridine Ionic Liquid-Based Water-in-Oil Microemulsion in Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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36
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Mousavi HS, Rahimi M, Mohadesi M. Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling of Glycerin/Methanol/Organic Solvent Systems. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hosnie-Sadat Mousavi
- Islamic Azad UniversityKermanshah Branch, Department of Chemical Engineering 67189 Kermanshah Iran
| | - Masoud Rahimi
- Razi UniversityCFD Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department 67149 Kermanshah Iran
| | - Majid Mohadesi
- Kermanshah University of TechnologyFaculty of Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering 67156 Kermanshah Iran
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37
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Yang L, Ładosz A, Jensen KF. Analysis and simulation of multiphase hydrodynamics in capillary microseparators. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:706-715. [PMID: 30676606 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The capillary microseparator is an important microfluidic device for achieving the inline separation of biphasic segmented flows. While it has found wide applications in areas such as on-chip synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals, many aspects regarding its operating ranges and hydrodynamic details remain to be elucidated. In this work, we employ OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to systematically simulate the performance of the capillary microseparator under the retention, normal operation and breakthrough regimes. The three distinct operating regimes are in accordance with experimental observations. In addition, the simulations enable quantification of the instantaneous flow rate through each micron-scale capillary microchannel and provide detailed predictions even under very low pressure differences (∼10 Pa), both of which are difficult to achieve experimentally. Furthermore, inspired by high-resolution hydrodynamics from the CFD simulations, we develop a simple analytic expression that predicts the retention threshold of the microseparator in good agreement with the simulated results and recent computations and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Agnieszka Ładosz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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38
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Dandekar R, Picardo JR, Pushpavanam S. Layered two-phase flows in microchannels with arbitrary interface-wall contact angles. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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Microfluidic reactor for Pb(II) ion extraction and removal with an amide derivative of calix[4]arene supported by spectroscopic studies. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Vansteene A, Jasmin JP, Cote G, Mariet C. Segmented Microflows as a Tool for Optimization of Mass Transfer in Liquid−Liquid Extraction: Application at the Extraction of Europium(III) by a Malonamide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Vansteene
- Den−Service d’Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Jasmin
- Den−Service d’Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Gérard Cote
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech−CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Clarisse Mariet
- Den−Service d’Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
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41
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Cobas Gomez H, Mansini Cardoso R, de Novais Schianti J, Marim de Oliveira A, Gongora-Rubio MR. Fab on a Package: LTCC Microfluidic Devices Applied to Chemical Process Miniaturization. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E285. [PMID: 30424218 PMCID: PMC6187343 DOI: 10.3390/mi9060285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has brought diverse advantages to chemical processes, allowing higher control of reactions and economy of reagents and energy. Low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) have additional advantages as material for fabrication of microfluidic devices, such as high compatibility with chemical reagents with typical average surface roughness of 0.3154 μm, easy scaling, and microfabrication. The conjugation of LTCC technology with microfluidics allows the development of micrometric-sized channels and reactors exploiting the advantages of fast and controlled mixing and heat transfer processes, essential for the synthesis and surface functionalization of nanoparticles. Since the chemical process area is evolving toward miniaturization and continuous flow processing, we verify that microfluidic devices based on LTCC technology have a relevant role in implementing several chemical processes. The present work reviews various LTCC microfluidic devices, developed in our laboratory, applied to chemical process miniaturization, with different geometries to implement processes such as ionic gelation, emulsification, nanoprecipitation, solvent extraction, nanoparticle synthesis and functionalization, and emulsion-diffusion/solvent extraction process. All fabricated microfluidics structures can operate in a flow range of mL/min, indicating that LTCC technology provides a means to enhance micro- and nanoparticle production yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houari Cobas Gomez
- Micromanufacturing Laboratory, Center for Bionanomanufacturing, Institute for Technological Research, 05508-901 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Roberta Mansini Cardoso
- Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana de Novais Schianti
- Micromanufacturing Laboratory, Center for Bionanomanufacturing, Institute for Technological Research, 05508-901 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriano Marim de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Chemical Processes and Particle Technology, Center for Bionanomanufacturing, Institute for Technological Research, 05508-901 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mario Ricardo Gongora-Rubio
- Micromanufacturing Laboratory, Center for Bionanomanufacturing, Institute for Technological Research, 05508-901 São Paulo, Brazil.
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42
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P Radhakrishnan AN, Marques MPC, Davies MJ, O'Sullivan B, Bracewell DG, Szita N. Flocculation on a chip: a novel screening approach to determine floc growth rates and select flocculating agents. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:585-594. [PMID: 29345271 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00793k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation is a key purification step in cell-based processes for the food and pharmaceutical industry where the removal of cells and cellular debris is aided by adding flocculating agents. However, finding the best suited flocculating agent and optimal conditions to achieve rapid and effective flocculation is a non-trivial task. In conventional analytical systems, turbulent mixing creates a dynamic equilibrium between floc growth and breakage, constraining the determination of floc formation rates. Furthermore, these systems typically rely on end-point measurements only. We have successfully developed for the first time a microfluidic system for the study of flocculation under well controlled conditions. In our microfluidic device (μFLOC), floc sizes and growth rates were monitored in real time using high-speed imaging and computational image analysis. The on-line and in situ detection allowed quantification of floc sizes and their growth kinetics. This eliminated the issues of sample handling, sample dispersion, and end-point measurements. We demonstrated the power of this approach by quantifying the growth rates of floc formation under forty different growth conditions by varying industrially relevant flocculating agents (pDADMAC, PEI, PEG), their concentration and dosage. Growth rates between 12.2 μm s-1 for a strongly cationic flocculant (pDADMAC) and 0.6 μm s-1 for a non-ionic flocculant (PEG) were observed, demonstrating the potential to rank flocculating conditions in a quantitative way. We have therefore created a screening tool to efficiently compare flocculating agents and rapidly find the best flocculating condition, which will significantly accelerate early bioprocess development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand N P Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
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43
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Domínguez CC, Gamse T. Utilization of micro-mixers for supercritical fluid fractionation: Influence of the residence time. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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44
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Hirayama Y, Hinoue M, Tokumoto H, Matsuoka A, Noishiki K, Muto A. Liquid–Liquid Extraction and Separation of Cobalt and Lithium Ions Using a Slug Flow Microreactor. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.17we152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hirayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Mikiya Hinoue
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Hayato Tokumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Akira Matsuoka
- Technical Development Group, Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory, Chemical & Environmental Technology Research Section, Kobe Steel, Ltd
| | - Koji Noishiki
- Machinery Business, Takasago Equipment Plant, Engineering Section, Kobe Steel, Ltd
| | - Akinori Muto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
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45
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Cocurrent and countercurrent extraction based on a novel three-dimensional vortex microextractor. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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Baumann M, Baxendale IR, Deplante F. A concise flow synthesis of indole-3-carboxylic ester and its derivatisation to an auxin mimic. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2549-2560. [PMID: 29259664 PMCID: PMC5727791 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An assembled suite of flow-based transformations have been used to rapidly scale-up the production of a novel auxin mimic-based herbicide which was required for preliminary field trials. The overall synthetic approach and optimisation studies are described along with a full description of the final reactor configurations employed for the synthesis as well as the downstream processing of the reaction streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Fabien Deplante
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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47
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Thien J, Peters C, Brands T, Koß HJ, Bardow A. Efficient Determination of Liquid–Liquid Equilibria Using Microfluidics and Raman Microspectroscopy. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thien
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christine Peters
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Brands
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Koß
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - André Bardow
- Chair of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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48
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Sathuluri RR, Kurniawan YS, Kim JY, Maeki M, Iwasaki W, Morisada S, Kawakita H, Miyazaki M, Ohto K. Droplet-based microreactor system for stepwise recovery of precious metal ions from real metal waste with calix[4]arene derivatives. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1366518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tosu, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Jee Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Maeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Sapparo, Japan
| | - Wataru Iwasaki
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tosu, Saga, Japan
| | - Shintaro Morisada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kawakita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaya Miyazaki
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tosu, Saga, Japan
- Cool Earth Co. Ltd., Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Vural Gürsel I, Kockmann N, Hessel V. Fluidic separation in microstructured devices – Concepts and their Integration into process flow networks. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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