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Hadizadeh F, Khodaverdi E, Oroojalian F, Rahmanian-Devin P, Hassan M Hashemi S, Omidkhah N, Asare-Addo K, Nokhodchi A, Kamali H. Preparation of porous PCL-PEG-PCL scaffolds using supercritical carbon dioxide. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122507. [PMID: 36535457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (scCO2) gas foaming procedure was used in the preparation of scaffolds containing the model drug dexamethasone (DXMT). The method used did not include an organic solvent thus making it a safe method. The ring-opening polymerization of PCL-PEG-PCL (PCEC) triblock was conducted using an organocatalyst [1,8 diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU)]. After mixing 5.0 g of DXMT with 50.0 g of PCEC, hydraulic pressure was applied to compress the mixed powder into disc-like tablets. The tablet-like scaffold of the triblock containing DXMT was inserted into a scCO2 gas-foaming device. The peak porosity percentage of the synthesized triblock was found to be 55.58 %. Pressure, temperature, soaking time and the time required to depressurize were recorded as 198 bar, 50 °C, 2.0 h, and 28 min respectively. After treatment with scCO2, the scaffolds experienced an almost full release of DXMT in vitro after 30 days (83.74 ± 1.54 % vs 52.24 ± 2.03 % before scCO2 treatment). In conclusion, the results proved that the scCO2 gas foaming procedure could be employed for constructing modifiable PCEC scaffolds with plausible porosity and structural and morphological features which can manipulate drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Khodaverdi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Pouria Rahmanian-Devin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - S Hassan M Hashemi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negar Omidkhah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, BN1 9QJ Brighton, UK; Lupin Research Inc., Lupin Pharmaceuticals, 4006 NW 124th Ave., Coral Spring, FL 33065, USA.
| | - Hossein Kamali
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nayeem A, Mizi F, Ali MF, Shariffuddin JH. Utilization of cockle shell powder as an adsorbent to remove phosphorus-containing wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114514. [PMID: 36216117 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The paper demonstrates the capability of using cockle shells as an adsorbent for phosphorus removal from simulated petrochemical wastewater, focusing on the actual condition of the petrochemical facultative pond. In this study, the physicochemical properties of shell powder were determined, such as the functional groups, surface morphology, crystalline structure, and surface area using FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, and BET. It was observed that the optimum conditions for effective phosphorus removal are under the presence of rotational speed (125 rpm), higher dosage (7 g/L), and larger surface area (smaller particle size) of the shell powder. Fine powder achieved up to 52.27% of phosphorus removal after 40 min compared to coarse powder which could only give 16.67% removal. Additionally, calcined shell powder demonstrated a higher phosphorus removal rate, i.e., up to 62.37%, compared to raw shell powders. The adsorption isotherm was studied using Langmuir and Freundlich models, but the isothermal data fit better for the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.9836). Overall, this study has successfully generated a greener and low-cost adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Nayeem
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Farahin Mizi
- Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faizal Ali
- Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
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