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Yu L, Li S, Lu Y, Wang Z, Fu M, Wei S, Xu C, Wang Q, Liu X, Wang L. Phase Transitions of Naphthalene-2,3-carbonitride Steered by Solvent Effects and Metal Ion Concentration Variation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1072-1078. [PMID: 38154099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The delicate regulation of structural phase transition can provide advanced approaches for fabricating desired and well-organized nanoarchitectures on surfaces. Introduction of metal ions into pure organic systems can facilitate the phase transition from hydrogen-bonded structures to metal-organic structures by coordinating with organic molecules. However, it remains a challenge to attain a phase transition dominated by variable metal coordination configurations through adjustment of the metal ion concentration. Herein, we report the phase transitions of naphthalene-2,3-carbonitride (2,3-DCN) molecules on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) under varying solvents and Cu2+ ion concentrations. By integrating data from scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and density functional theory calculations, it is demonstrated that phase transitions of 2,3-DCN occur through forming diverse coordination configurations where Cu2+ ions can coordinate with 2,3-DCN and 1-nonanoic acid or Cl- ions to form different ligand components with a coordination number of 4 when varying the molar ratios of 2,3-DCN to Cu2+ ion in the 1-nonanoic acid solvent. However, in the case of 1-heptanoic acid as a solvent, the self-assembly structure of 2,3-DCN only changes via the alteration of hydrogen bonding sites and Cu2+ ions do not coordinate with 2,3-DCN molecules. These findings provide valuable insights into the coordination behavior of metal ions in different solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longnan Yu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Sihao Li
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhongping Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Mingming Fu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Changgang Xu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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2
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Kikkawa Y, Nagasaki M, Tsuzuki S, Fouquet TNJ, Nakamura S, Takenaka Y, Norikane Y, Hiratani K. Well-organised two-dimensional self-assembly controlled by in situ formation of a Cu(II)-coordinated rufigallol derivative: a scanning tunnelling microscopy study. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1752-1755. [PMID: 35029616 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The two-dimensional self-assembly of rufigallol derivatives and their metal coordination were studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy. Ex situ Cu(II)-coordinated rufigallol derivatives exhibited columnar structures with some defects, whereas regular and linear structures were formed upon in situ metal coordination at solid/liquid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kikkawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Nagasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Thierry N J Fouquet
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yasumasa Takenaka
- Bioplastic Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Hiratani
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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3
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Hirsch BE, McDonald KP, Tait SL, Flood AH. Physical and chemical model of ion stability and movement within the dynamic and voltage-gated STM tip–surface tunneling junction. Faraday Discuss 2017; 204:159-172. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00104e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The interaction and mobility of ions in complex systems are fundamental to processes throughout chemistry, biology, and physics. However, nanoscale characterization of ion stability and migration remains poorly understood. Here, we examine ion movements to and from physisorbed molecular receptors at solution–graphite interfaces by developing a theoretical model alongside experimental scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) results. The model includes van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions originating from the surface, tip, and physisorbed receptors, as well as a tip–surface electric field arising from the STM bias voltage (Vb). Our model reveals how both the electric field and tip–surface distance, dtip, can influence anion stability at the receptor binding sites on the surface or at the STM tip, as well as the size of the barrier for anion transitions between those locations. These predictions agree well with prior and new STM results from the interactions of anions with aryl-triazole receptors that order into functional monolayers on graphite. Scanning produces clear resolution at large magnitude negative surface biases (−0.8 V) while resolution degrades at small negative surface biases (−0.4 V). The loss in resolution arises from frequent tip retractions assigned to anion migration within the tip–surface tunneling region. This experimental evidence in combination with support from the model demonstrates a local voltage gating of anions with the STM tip inside physisorbed receptors. This generalized model and experimental evidence may help to provide a basis to understand the nanoscale details of related chemical transformations and their underlying thermodynamic and kinetic preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amar H. Flood
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
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Lee S, Hirsch BE, Liu Y, Dobscha JR, Burke DW, Tait SL, Flood AH. Multifunctional Tricarbazolo Triazolophane Macrocycles: One-Pot Preparation, Anion Binding, and Hierarchical Self-Organization of Multilayers. Chemistry 2015; 22:560-9. [PMID: 26593327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Programming the synthesis and self-assembly of molecules is a compelling strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of ordered materials. To this end, shape-persistent macrocycles were designed with alternating carbazoles and triazoles to program a one-pot synthesis and to bind large anions. The macrocycles bind anions that were once considered too weak to be coordinated, such as PF6 (-) , with surprisingly high affinities (β2 =10(11) M(-2) in 80:20 chloroform/methanol) and positive cooperativity, α=(4 K2 /K1 )=1200. We also discovered that the macrocycles assemble into ultrathin films of hierarchically ordered tubes on graphite surfaces. The remarkable surface-templated self-assembly properties, as was observed by using scanning tunneling microscopy, are attributed to the complementary pairing of alternating triazoles and carbazoles inscribed into both the co-facial and edge-sharing seams that exist between shape-persistent macrocycles. The multilayer assembly is also consistent with the high degree of molecular self-association observed in solution, with self-association constants of K=300 000 M(-1) (chloroform/methanol 80:20). Scanning tunneling microscopy data also showed that surface assemblies readily sequester iodide anions from solution, modulating their assembly. This multifunctional macrocycle provides a foundation for materials composed of hierarchically organized and nanotubular self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA).,Current Address: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Brandon E Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - James R Dobscha
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - David W Burke
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Steven L Tait
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Amar H Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
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Hirsch BE, McDonald KP, Qiao B, Flood AH, Tait SL. Selective anion-induced crystal switching and binding in surface monolayers modulated by electric fields from scanning probes. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10858-10869. [PMID: 25257197 DOI: 10.1021/nn504685t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anion-selective (Br(-) and I(-)) and voltage-driven crystal switching between two differently packed phases (α ⇆ β) was observed in 2D crystalline monolayers of aryl-triazole receptors ordered at solution-graphite interfaces. Addition of Br(-) and I(-) was found to stimulate the α → β phase transformation and to produce ion binding to the β phase assembly, while Cl(-) and BF4(-) addition retained the α phase. Unlike all other surface assemblies of either charged molecules or ion-templated 2D crystallization of metal-ligand or receptor-based adsorbates, the polarity of the electric field between the localized scanning tip and the graphite substrate was found to correlate with phase switching: β → α is driven at -1.5 V, while α → β occurs at +1.1 V. Ion-pairing between the countercations and the guest anions was also observed. These observations are supported by control studies including variation of anion species, relative anion concentration, surface temperature, tip voltage, and scanning time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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6
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Viciano-Chumillas M, Li D, Smogunov A, Latil S, Dappe YJ, Barreteau C, Mallah T, Silly F. Tailoring the structure of two-dimensional self-assembled nanoarchitectures based on ni(ii) -salen building blocks. Chemistry 2014; 20:13566-75. [PMID: 25225027 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of Ni(II) -salen-based complexes with the general formula of [Ni(H2 L)] (H4 L=R(2) -N,N'-bis[R(1) -5-(4'-benzoic acid)salicylidene]; H4 L1: R(2) =2,3-diamino-2,3-dimethylbutane and R(1) =H; H4 L2: R(2) =1,2-diaminoethane and R(1) =tert-butyl and H4 L3: R(2) =1,2-diaminobenzene and R(1) =tert-butyl) is presented. Their electronic structure and self-assembly was studied. The organic ligands of the salen complexes are functionalized with peripheral carboxylic groups for driving molecular self-assembly through hydrogen bonding. In addition, other substituents, that is, tert-butyl and diamine bridges (2,3-diamino-2,3-dimethylbutane, 1,2-diaminobenzene or 1,2-diaminoethane), were used to tune the two-dimensional (2D) packing of these building blocks. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the spatial distribution of the LUMOs is affected by these substituents, in contrast with the HOMOs, which remain unchanged. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) shows that the three complexes self-assemble into three different 2D nanoarchitectures at the solid-liquid interface on graphite. Two structures are porous and one is close-packed. These structures are stabilized by hydrogen bonds in one dimension, while the 2D interaction is governed by van der Waals forces and is tuned by the nature of the substituents, as confirmed by theoretical calculations. As expected, the total dipolar moment is minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Viciano-Chumillas
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Materials of Orsay, University of Paris Sud 11, 91405 Orsay (France)
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7
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Hirsch BE, Lee S, Qiao B, Chen CH, McDonald KP, Tait SL, Flood AH. Anion-induced dimerization of 5-fold symmetric cyanostars in 3D crystalline solids and 2D self-assembled crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9827-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Ciesielski A, Samorì P. Supramolecular assembly/reassembly processes: molecular motors and dynamers operating at surfaces. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:1397-1410. [PMID: 21350766 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00914h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Among the many significant advances within the field of supramolecular chemistry over the past decades, the development of the so-called "dynamers" features a direct relevance to materials science. Defined as "combinatorial dynamic polymers", dynamers are constitutional dynamic systems and materials resulting from the application of the principles of supramolecular chemistry to polymer science. Like supramolecular materials in general, dynamers are reversible dynamic multifunctional architectures, capable of modifying their constitution by exchanging, recombining, incorporating components. They may exhibit a variety of novel properties and behave as adaptive materials. In this review we focus on the design of responsive switchable monolayers, i.e. monolayers capable to undergo significant changes in their physical or chemical properties as a result of external stimuli. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies provide direct evidence with a sub-nanometre resolution, on the formation and dynamic response of these self-assembled systems featuring controlled geometries and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS-CNRS 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Gandolfi C, Cotting T, Martinho PN, Sereda O, Neels A, Morgan GG, Albrecht M. Synthesis and self-assembly of spin-labile and redox-active manganese(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:1855-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01222j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Ahn S, Henssler JT, Matzger AJ. Conglomerate with periodic enantiomer inclusion: A mechanism for homochirality erosion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11432-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12317c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Räisänen MT, Nieger M, Slawin AMZ, Leskelä M, Repo T. Two- and three-dimensional packing diagrams of M(salophen) complexes. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00926a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Räisänen MT, Klinga M, Leskelä M, Nieger M, Repo T. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of Cu(salen) complexes bearing long alkoxy chains. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2010.533762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minna T. Räisänen
- a Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Martti Klinga
- a Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Markku Leskelä
- a Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Martin Nieger
- a Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Timo Repo
- a Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
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13
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Ciesielski A, Palma CA, Bonini M, Samorì P. Towards supramolecular engineering of functional nanomaterials: pre-programming multi-component 2D self-assembly at solid-liquid interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:3506-3520. [PMID: 20626011 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201001582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Materials with a pre-programmed order at the supramolecular level can be engineered with a sub-nanometer precision making use of reversible non- covalent interactions. The intrinsic ability of supramolecular materials to recognize and exchange their constituents makes them constitutionally dynamic materials. The tailoring of the materials properties relies on the full control over the self-assembly behavior of molecular modules exposing recognition sites and incorporating functional units. In this review we focus on three classes of weak-interactions to form complex 2D architectures starting from properly designed molecular modules: van der Waals, metallo-ligand and hydrogen bonding. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies will provide evidence with a sub-nanometer resolution, on the formation of responsive multicomponent architectures with controlled geometries and properties. Such endeavor enriches the scientist capability of generating more and more complex smart materials featuring controlled functions and unprecedented properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS (UMR 7006), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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14
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Vicente J, Abad JA, López-Sáez MJ, Jones P, Bautista D. Reactivity ofortho-Substituted ArylâPalladium Complexes towards Carbodiimides, Isothiocyanates, Nitriles, and Cyanamides. Chemistry 2010; 16:661-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Gandolfi C, Miyashita N, Kurth DG, Martinho PN, Morgan GG, Albrecht M. Organization of spin- and redox-labile metal centers into Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett films. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:4508-16. [DOI: 10.1039/b926023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Mögele F, Fantauzzi D, Wiedwald U, Ziemann P, Rieger B. Two-dimensional assembly of magnetic binuclear complexes: a scanning tunneling microscopy study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13606-13613. [PMID: 19670886 DOI: 10.1021/la9019712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mono- and binuclear metal-organic compounds bearing long alkyl chains were synthesized and studied at the liquid/graphite interface using scanning tunneling microscopy. Two different lamellar surface patterns as well as a star like structure were obtained driven by van der Waals interactions of the alkyl chains and weak hydrogen bonds of the phenoxy moieties. In the case of the star like structure solvent molecules (1,2,4-trichlorobenzene) are supposed to play an important role for the stabilization of the created pattern. Magnetic investigation of the bulk material by a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer revealed magnetic moments up to 1.7 mu(B) (NiCo) and most likely antiferromagnetic coupling between the two metals within a single complex. The presented two-dimensional crystallization of the binuclear complexes may provide an easy access to new designable materials in molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mögele
- Institute of Material and Catalysis, University of Ulm,Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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18
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Tong W, Wei Y, Armbrust KW, Zimmt MB. Dipolar side chain control of monolayer morphology: symmetrically substituted 1,5-(mono- and diether) anthracenes at the solution-HOPG interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:2913-2923. [PMID: 19239193 DOI: 10.1021/la803811w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to determine the 2-D unit cell parameters of monolayers self-assembled by twelve symmetrical, 1,5-bis(linear aliphatic ether side chain) anthracenes at the solution-graphite interface. The standard morphology assembled by 1,5-bis(alkyloxymethyl) anthracenes consists of single-lamella domains containing columns of anthracene cores alternating with columns of interdigitated, aliphatic side chains. Adjacent side chains within the aliphatic columns adsorb in antiparallel orientations. The terminal methyl (omega-position) of each side chain lies in registration with the 2-positions of its two neighboring chains ((omega <--> 2)-packing). Anthracenes with diether side chains can generate repulsive or attractive dipole-dipole interactions between proximate ethers of adjacent aliphatic chains. Anthracenes bearing even length side chains with oxygens at the 2- and omega-1 positions or at the 3- and omega-2 positions do not assemble (omega <--> 2)-packed monolayers. Repulsive dipolar interactions between ethers in adjacent side chains raise the energy of (omega <--> 2) morphologies. These "self-repulsive" side chains drive assembly of (omega <--> l)- or (omega <--> 3)-packed morphologies, which enjoy stabilizing dipolar interactions between ethers in adjacent side chains. In stark contrast, anthracenes bearing odd length diether side chains assemble (omega <--> 2)-packed morphologies, regardless of whether adjacent chains suffer zero, one, or two sets of proximate dipole-dipole repulsions. The intrinsic energy gap from (omega <--> 2)- to non-(omega <--> 2)-packed morphologies of odd length side chain anthracenes is, apparently, larger than for even length side chain anthracenes. Overall, the twelve compounds self-assemble seven different morphologies. Distinguishing morphologies, understanding polymorphism within the monolayers, and evaluating the morphological consequences of side chain dipolar interactions is facilitated by viewing the monolayers as assemblies of 1-D, molecular tapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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Niemeyer J, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Erker G. Selective synthesis of the 2-hydroxyferrocene-aldimine enantiomers—extended planar chiral analogues of the “flat” salicylaldimine ligand family. Dalton Trans 2009:3716-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b822735g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Niemeyer J, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Erker G. Bis(“ferrocene-saliminato”) group 4 metal complexes: synthesis, structural features and use in homogenous Ziegler–Natta polymerization catalysis. Dalton Trans 2009:3731-41. [DOI: 10.1039/b822741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lei S, Surin M, Tahara K, Adisoejoso J, Lazzaroni R, Tobe Y, De Feyter S. Programmable hierarchical three-component 2D assembly at a liquid-solid interface: recognition, selection, and transformation. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:2541-2546. [PMID: 18630887 DOI: 10.1021/nl8016626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recognition and selection are of fundamental importance for the hierarchical assembly of supramolecular systems. Coronene induces the formation of a hydrogen-bonded isophthalic acid supramolecular macrocycle, and this well-defined heterocluster forces, in its turn, DBA1 to form a van der Waals stabilized honeycomb lattice, leading to a three-component 2D crystal containing nine molecules in the unit cell. The recognition and selection events enable efficient error correction and healing in redundant mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Arai R, Uemura S, Irie M, Matsuda K. Reversible Photoinduced Change in Molecular Ordering of Diarylethene Derivatives at a Solution−HOPG Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:9371-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja711041p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Arai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Shinobu Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Irie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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Wei Y, Tong W, Zimmt MB. Self-assembly of patterned monolayers with nanometer features: molecular selection based on dipole interactions and chain length. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:3399-405. [PMID: 18302370 DOI: 10.1021/ja075170r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Patterned cocrystal monolayers self-assemble on HOPG in contact with solutions containing complementary pairs of 1,5-chain-substituted anthracene derivatives. Monolayer unit cells containing three or four molecules and spanning 9-11 nm are generated. The monolayers consist of alternating aromatic and aliphatic columns. The designs and dimensions of the cocrystal patterns (unit cells) are determined by (i) the preferred packing alignment of identical length side chains, (ii) the selectivity of each side chain for neighboring chains, (iii) the identities of the two side chains on each anthracene, and (iv) the 2D-chirality of 1,5-substituted anthracenes. The aliphatic columns form by interdigitation of identical length side chains arrayed in an antiparallel alignment, with the nth heavy atom of one side chain in registration with the (omega+2-n)th heavy atom of two adjacent chains ((omega <--> 2) packing). Adjacent side chains are attached, alternately, to anthracenes in one of the two flanking aromatic columns. The preference for (omega <--> 2) packing optimizes side-chain van der Waals interactions. The composition and fidelity of patterning in the cocrystal monolayers requires an additional source of "molecular recognition" in addition to side-chain length. Dipolar interactions, both attractive and repulsive, between ether groups in neighboring, (omega <--> 2) packed side chains, constitute a second recognition element needed for cocrystal self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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24
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Furukawa S, De Feyter S. Two-Dimensional Crystal Engineering at the Liquid–Solid Interface. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2008; 287:87-133. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2008_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Katsonis N, Lacaze E, Feringa BL. Molecular chirality at fluid/solid interfaces: expression of asymmetry in self-organised monolayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b718170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Gong H, Bredenkötter B, Meier C, Hoffmann- Richter C, Ziener U, Kurth DG, Volkmer D. Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Hexapyridinium Cations at the Air/Water Interface and on HOPG Surfaces. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:2354-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Wei Y, Tong W, Wise C, Wei X, Armbrust K, Zimmt M. Dipolar control of monolayer morphology: spontaneous SAM patterning. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:13362-3. [PMID: 17031941 DOI: 10.1021/ja065338t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for controlling relative placements of molecules within multicomponent monolayers at the solution-HOPG interface is demonstrated. The monolayers assemble from complementary pairs of 1,5-bis-alkyldiether-anthracenes bearing self-repelling side chains. Each diether side chain suffers repulsive dipolar interactions if it adsorbs next to an identical side chain in the morphology normally assumed by 1,5-bis-substituted-anthracene monolayers. Complementary side-chain pairs experience attractive dipolar interactions when adsorbed as neighbors in the normal morphology monolayer. The repulsive and attractive forces spontaneously drive formation of a patterned monolayer at the solution-HOPG interface. Each molecule adsorbs in its own row, sandwiched between two rows of the complementary anthracene. These studies demonstrate the viability of using weak dipolar interactions to control molecular placement and monolayer morphology and to pattern multicomponent monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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28
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Alkyl Chain Length Defines 2D Architecture of Salophen Complexes on Liquid–Graphite Interface. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Surin M, Samorì P, Jouaiti A, Kyritsakas N, Hosseini M. Molecular Tectonics on Surfaces: Bottom-Up Fabrication of 1D Coordination Networks That Form 1D and 2D Arrays on Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Surin M, Samorì P, Jouaiti A, Kyritsakas N, Hosseini MW. Molecular Tectonics on Surfaces: Bottom-Up Fabrication of 1D Coordination Networks That Form 1D and 2D Arrays on Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:245-9. [PMID: 17136789 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Surin
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS/CNRS 7006, Université Louis Pasteur, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67083 Strasbourg, France
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