1
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Ji H, Knutson PC, Harrington CM, Ke YT, Ferreira EM. The Analysis of Two Distinct Strategies toward the Enantioselective Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Gelsenicine. Tetrahedron 2023; 134:133278. [PMID: 37034426 PMCID: PMC10077972 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A full account of a formal enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-gelsenicine is described. Separate strategies based on catalytic cycloisomerization as the central step are considered. One plan involves chirality transfer from enantioenriched substrates, while the other employs asymmetric catalysis. The chirality transfer strategy is less effective, while in the latter, phosphoramidite- and bisphosphine-gold complexes are tested and ultimately provide a key intermediate in high enantiopurity in our Gelsemium alkaloid syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Phil C Knutson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | | | - Yan-Ting Ke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Eric M Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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2
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Giovanardi G, Balestri D, Secchi A, Cera G. Diametric calix[6]arene gold(I) catalysts for intramolecular cyclopropanations of 1,6-dienynes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6464-6472. [PMID: 35894952 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a solid-state structural investigation of diametric calix[6]arene-based phosphine gold(I) cavitands which are characterised by two specific, different 1,2,3-alternate conformations in solution and in the solid state. The effect of the specific orientation of phosphines, with respect to macrocycles, was studied in intramolecular cyclopropanation of 1,6-dienynes. The general applicability of these catalysts was disclosed, delivering a family of polycycles with high yields and functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giovanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Davide Balestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Secchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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3
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Rivers M, Carden RG, Widenhoefer RA. Substituent Effects and the Mechanism of Gold to Alkene Benzylidene Transfer Employing a Gold Sulfonium Benzylide Complex. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Rivers
- Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Robert G. Carden
- Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ross A. Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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4
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Cera G, Giovanardi G, Secchi A, Arduini A. Merging Molecular Recognition and Gold(I) Catalysis with Triphoscalix[6]arene Ligands. Chemistry 2021; 27:10261-10266. [PMID: 34002908 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of novel triphosphine calix[6]arene ligands. These supramolecular wheels, with recognition features governed by the hydrogen-bonding domain, were employed to synthesize multitasking trinuclear gold(I) complexes as a new platform for the synthesis of interwoven (pseudo)rotaxane species. In parallel, the multivalent, metal-bonded upper rim displayed catalytic features promoting highly selective gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions of 1,6-enynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Cera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giovanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Secchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Arturo Arduini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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5
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Abstract
Three- and four-membered rings, widespread motifs in nature and medicinal chemistry, have fascinated chemists ever since their discovery. However, due to energetic considerations, small rings are often difficult to assemble. In this regard, homogeneous gold catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to construct these highly strained carbocycles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of all the major advances and discoveries made in the gold-catalyzed synthesis of cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, cyclobutanes, cyclobutenes, and their corresponding heterocyclic or heterosubstituted analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina Garcı A-Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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6
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Kim N, Widenhoefer RA. Formation of Cyclopropanes via Activation of (γ-Methoxy)alkyl Gold(I) Complexes with Lewis Acids. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kim
- Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ross A. Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry, French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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7
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8
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Wang Y, Cai PJ, Yu ZX. Mechanistic Study on Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Dienediynes Involving Aliphatic C-H Functionalization and Inspiration for Developing a New Strategy to Access Polycarbocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2777-2786. [PMID: 31950827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we developed a gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization of dienediynes to synthesize the fused 6,7,5-tricyclic compounds. This reaction involves aliphatic C-H functionalization under mild conditions with high regio- and diastereoselectivities. Herein, we present a combined density functional theory (DFT) and experimental study to understand its mechanism. The reaction starts with a 6-endo-dig cyclization to generate a cis-1-alkynyl-2-alkenylcyclopropane. Then, a Cope rearrangement takes place to give a seven-membered-ring allene intermediate, whose central carbon atom possesses vinyl cation character and thus is highly reactive toward aliphatic C-H insertion. After the C-H insertion, two successive [1,2]-hydride shifts then occur to give the tricyclic product and to complete the catalytic cycle. Notably, steric effect induced by the bulky ligand is found to be important for the diastereocontrol in the C-H insertion step. DFT calculations suggested that the malonate-tethered substrate utilized in our previous work may undergo an undesired 5-exo-dig cyclization under gold catalysis, which could be the reason why the desired fused 6,7,5-tricarbocyclic product was not generated. These mechanistic insights then guided us to design substrates with a shortened carbon tether in the present work to inhibit the exo-dig cyclization so that the tandem cyclopropanation/Cope rearrangement/C-H functionalization could occur to construct polycarbocycles containing a seven-membered ring. This prediction was supported by new experiments, providing a new strategy to access fused 5,7,5-tricyclic and 5,7,6,6-tetracyclic carbocycles. In addition, how the substituents affect the chemoselectivity was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Pei-Jun Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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9
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Carden RG, Widenhoefer RA. Gold Sulfonium Benzylide Complexes Undergo Efficient Benzylidene Transfer to Alkenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11026-11030. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Carden
- French Family Science Center Duke University Durham NC 27708-0346 USA
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10
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11
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Muratore ME, Konovalov AI, Armengol-Relats H, Echavarren AM. Diastereospecific Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization Cascade for the Controlled Preparation of N- and N,O-Heterocycles. Chemistry 2018; 24:15613-15621. [PMID: 30066978 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of oxime-tethered 1,6-enynes with a cationic gold(I) catalyst demonstrates a great potential for the synthesis of a range of heterocycles in a diastereospecific fashion. The control of the configuration of the oxime and the alkene of the enyne moiety is the key to selectively obtain dihydro-1,2-oxazines, isoxazolines or dihydropyrrole-N-oxides as single diastereoisomers. As supported by DFT calculations, these cascade reactions proceed stepwise, by the intramolecular addition of the O or N atom of the oxime onto cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene intermediates. In this study, a rare [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of nitrones is also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Muratore
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andrey I Konovalov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Helena Armengol-Relats
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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12
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Alyabyev SB, Beletskaya IP. Gold as a catalyst. Part II. Alkynes in the reactions of carbon–carbon bond formation. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Carreras J, Pereira A, Zanini M, Echavarren AM. Variations on the Theme of JohnPhos Gold(I) Catalysts: Arsine and Carbene Complexes with Similar Architectures. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Carreras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Pereira
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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14
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Trost BM, Kalnmals CA. Sulfones as Synthetic Linchpins: Transition‐Metal‐Free sp
3
–sp
2
and sp
2
–sp
2
Cross‐Couplings Between Geminal Bis(sulfones) and Organolithium Compounds. Chemistry 2018; 24:9066-9074. [PMID: 29543985 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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15
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Gold(I)-Catalysis for the Synthesis of Terpenoids: From Intramolecular Cascades to Intermolecular Cycloadditions. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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16
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Ito S, Shinozaki T, Mikami K. Stereoselective Catalytic Synthesis of Alkynylated Phosphaethenes Leading to Activation-Free Gold Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama 152-8552, Japan Meguro, Tokyo
| | - Tomokazu Shinozaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama 152-8552, Japan Meguro, Tokyo
| | - Koichi Mikami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama 152-8552, Japan Meguro, Tokyo
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17
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Hines JM, Eason JJ, Siebert MR. One Lump or Two? A Plurality of Pathways in Gold(III)-Catalyzed Cyclization Transforming Propargyl Acetates to a Carene-like Bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Hines
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
| | - Jesse J. Eason
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
| | - Matthew R. Siebert
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
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18
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Kim N, Brooner REM, Widenhoefer RA. Unexpected Skeletal Rearrangement in the Gold(I)/Silver(I)-Catalyzed Conversion of 7-Aryl-1,6-enynes to Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-enes via Hidden Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Rachel E. M. Brooner
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ross A. Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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19
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Calleja P, Pablo Ó, Ranieri B, Gaydou M, Pitaval A, Moreno M, Raducan M, Echavarren AM. α,β-Unsaturated Gold(I) Carbenes by Tandem Cyclization and 1,5-Alkoxy Migration of 1,6-Enynes: Mechanisms and Applications. Chemistry 2016; 22:13613-8. [PMID: 27527611 PMCID: PMC5132047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,6-Enynes bearing OR groups at the propargyl position generate α,β-unsaturated gold(I)-carbenes/ gold(I) stabilized allyl cations that can be trapped by alkenes to form cyclopropanes or 1,3-diketones to give products of α-alkylation. The best migrating group is p-nitrophenyl ether, which leads to the corresponding products without racemization. Thus, an improved formal synthesis of (+)-schisanwilsonene A has been accomplished. The different competitive reaction pathways have been delineated computationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Calleja
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Óscar Pablo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Beatrice Ranieri
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Morgane Gaydou
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anthony Pitaval
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Moreno
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mihai Raducan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institut of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel⋅li Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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20
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Cao Z, Zhu H, Meng X, Tian L, Sun X, Chen G, You J. Gold-Catalyzed Reaction of ortho-Alkynylarylaldehydes with Conjugated Dienes: An Efficient Access to Highly Strained Tetracyclic Bridgehead Olefins. Chemistry 2016; 22:9125-9. [PMID: 27123861 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented access to strained tetracyclic bridgehead alkenes by reaction of easily accessible ortho-alkynylarylaldehydes with conjugated dienes is described. The process involves a chemo- and stereo-selective, gold-catalyzed, tandem intermolecular [3+2] cycloaddition/Prins-type ring-closing reaction that allows generating structural complexity in a straightforward manner. This approach for the preparation of anti-Bredt compounds is synthetically superior to those previously reported: the procedure is easy to implement, operates under mild experimental conditions, is efficient, and exhibits a good substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Laijin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Jinmao You
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
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21
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Liddon JTR, James MJ, Clarke AK, O'Brien P, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. Catalyst-Driven Scaffold Diversity: Selective Synthesis of Spirocycles, Carbazoles and Quinolines from Indolyl Ynones. Chemistry 2016; 22:8777-80. [PMID: 27124236 PMCID: PMC5084754 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Medicinally relevant spirocyclic indolenines, carbazoles and quinolines can each be directly synthesised selectively from common indolyl ynone starting materials by catalyst variation. The high yielding, divergent reactions all proceed by an initial dearomatising spirocyclisation reaction to generate an intermediate vinyl-metal species, which then rearranges selectively by careful choice of catalyst and reaction conditions.
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22
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Harris RJ, Widenhoefer RA. Gold carbenes, gold-stabilized carbocations, and cationic intermediates relevant to gold-catalysed enyne cycloaddition. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4533-51. [PMID: 27146712 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cationic gold complexes in which gold is bound to a formally divalent carbon atom, typically formulated as gold carbenes or α-metallocarbenium ions, have been widely invoked in a range of gold-catalyzed transformations, most notably in the gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,n-enynes. Although the existence of gold carbene complexes as intermediates in gold-catalyzed transformations is supported by a wealth of indirect experimental data and by computation, until recently no examples of cationic gold carbenes/α-metallocarbenium ions had been synthesized nor had any cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition been directly observed. Largely for this reason, there has been considerable debate regarding the electronic structure of these cationic complexes, in particular the relative contributions of the carbene (LAu(+)[double bond, length as m-dash]CR2) and α-metallocarbenium (LAu-CR2(+)) forms, which is intimately related to the extent of d → p backbonding from gold to the C1 carbon atom. However, over the past ∼ seven years, a number of cationic gold carbene complexes have been synthesized in solution and generated in the gas phase and cationic intermediates have been directly observed in the gold-catalyzed cycloaddition of enynes. Together, these advances provide insight into the nature and electronic structure of gold carbene/α-metallocarbenium complexes and the cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition. Herein we review recent advances in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Harris
- French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0346, USA.
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Newcomb ET, Knutson PC, Pedersen BA, Ferreira EM. Total Synthesis of Gelsenicine via a Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:108-11. [PMID: 26716762 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of (±)-gelsenicine is reported. The synthetic route is highly efficient (13 steps), featuring (1) a pivotal metal-catalyzed isomerization/rearrangement process that forges the central core of the molecule and (2) two facile C-N bond-forming steps that establish the flanking heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Newcomb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Phil C Knutson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Blaine A Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Eric M Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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24
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Serra J, Whiteoak CJ, Acuña-Parés F, Font M, Luis JM, Lloret-Fillol J, Ribas X. Oxidant-Free Au(I)-Catalyzed Halide Exchange and Csp2–O Bond Forming Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13389-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Christopher J. Whiteoak
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ferran Acuña-Parés
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Font
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M. Luis
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Julio Lloret-Fillol
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
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25
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Activation of Alkynes for the Construction of Molecular Complexity. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9028-72. [PMID: 25844920 PMCID: PMC4580024 DOI: 10.1021/cr500691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1308] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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26
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7321-32. [PMID: 26061916 PMCID: PMC4531321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of 1,n-enynes catalyzed by gold(I) proceed via electrophilic species with a highly distorted cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like structure, which can react with different nucleophiles to form a wide variety of products by attack at the cyclopropane or the carbene carbons. Particularly important are reactions in which the gold(I) carbene reacts with alkenes to form cyclopropanes either intra- or intermolecularly. In the absence of nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes lead to a variety of cycloisomerized products including those resulting from skeletal rearrangements. Reactions proceeding through cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates are ideally suited for the bioinspired synthesis of terpenoid natural products by the selective activation of the alkyne in highly functionalized enynes or polyenynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Li DY, Wei Y, Shi M. Gold(I)-Catalyzed 1,3-O-Transposition Reactions: Ynesulfonamides to Ynamides. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Qian D, Zhang J. Gold-catalyzed cyclopropanation reactions using a carbenoid precursor toolbox. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:677-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00304g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances in gold-catalyzed selective cyclopropanation divided by the type of carbenoid precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyun Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemsitry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemsitry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
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Kamimura A, Yamane Y, Yo R, Tanaka T, Uno H. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Optically Active 1,4-Oxazepan-7-ones. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7696-702. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501254x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kamimura
- Department
of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yu Yamane
- Department
of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8611, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Yo
- Department
of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Department
of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8611, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of enynes are probably the most representative carbon-carbon bond forming reactions catalyzed by electrophilic metal complexes. These transformations are synthetically useful because chemists can use them to build complex architectures under mild conditions from readily assembled starting materials. However, these transformations can have complex mechanisms. In general, gold(I) activates alkynes in the presence of any other unsaturated functional group by forming an (η(2)-alkyne)-gold complex. This species reacts readily with nucleophiles, including electron-rich alkenes. In this case, the reaction forms cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates. These can come from different pathways depending on the substitution pattern of the alkyne and the alkene. In the absence of external nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes can form products of skeletal rearrangement in fully intramolecular reactions, which are mechanistically very different from metathesis reactions initiated by the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of a Grubbs-type carbene or other related metal carbenes. In this Account, we discuss how cycloisomerization and addition reactions of substituted enynes, as well as intermolecular reactions between alkynes and alkenes, are best interpreted as proceeding through discrete cationic intermediates in which gold(I) plays a significant role in the stabilization of the positive charge. The most important intermediates are highly delocalized cationic species that some chemists describe as cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes or gold(I)-stabilized cyclopropylmethyl/cyclobutyl/homoallyl carbocations. However, we prefer the cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene formulation for its simplicity and mnemonic value, highlighting the tendency of these intermediates to undergo cyclopropanation reactions with alkenes. We can add a variety of hetero- and carbonucleophiles to the enynes in the presence of gold(I) in intra- or intermolecular reactions, leading to the corresponding adducts with high stereoselectivity through stereospecific anti-additions. We have also developed stereospecific syn-additions, which probably occur through similar intermediates. The attack of carbonyl groups at the cyclopropyl carbons of the intermediate cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes initiates a particularly interesting group of reactions. These trigger a cascade transformation that can lead to the formation of two C-C and one C-O bonds. In the fully intramolecular process, this stereospecific transformation has been applied for the synthesis of natural sesquiterpenoids such as (+)-orientalol F and (-)-englerin A. Intra- and intermolecular trapping of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes with alkenes leads to the formation of cyclopropanes with significant increase in the molecular complexity, particularly in cases in which this process combines with the migration of propargylic alkoxy and related OR groups. We have recently shown this in the stereoselective total synthesis of the antiviral sesquiterpene (+)-schisanwilsonene by a cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration/intermolecular cyclopropanation. In this synthesis, the cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration is faster than the alternative 1,2-acyloxy migration that would result in racemization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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31
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Wang Y, McGonigal PR, Herlé B, Besora M, Echavarren AM. Gold(I) carbenes by retro-Buchner reaction: generation and fate. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:801-9. [PMID: 24358986 PMCID: PMC3898715 DOI: 10.1021/ja411626v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The fate of the aryl gold(I) carbenes generated by retro-Buchner reaction of ortho-substituted 7-aryl-1,3,5-cycloheptatrienes is dependent on the constitution of the ortho substituent. Indenes and fluorenes are obtained by intramolecular reaction of highly electrophilic gold(I) carbenes with alkenes and arenes. According to density functional theory calculations, the gold-catalyzed retro-Buchner process occurs stepwise, although the two carbon-carbon cleavages occur on a rather flat potential energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paísos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paul R. McGonigal
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paísos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bart Herlé
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paísos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Besora
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paísos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paísos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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32
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Hashmi ASK, Bechem B, Loos A, Hamzic M, Rominger F, Rabaa H. Gold Catalysis: Biarylphosphine Ligands as Key for the Synthesis of Dihydroisocoumarins. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed phenol synthesis was successfully used in the synthesis of dihydroisocoumarins for the first time. A large number of gold(i) complexes were prepared and tested; only complexes based on the biarylphosphine motif were successful.
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35
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Rao W, Chan PWH. Gold-catalyzed [2+2+1] cycloaddition of 1,6-diyne carbonates and esters with aldehydes to 4-(cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)-1,3-dioxolanes. Chemistry 2013; 20:713-8. [PMID: 24323953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic method to stereoselectively prepare 4-(cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)-1,3-dioxolanes in good to excellent yields by gold(I)-catalyzed [2+2+1] cycloaddition of 1,6-diyne carbonates and esters with aldehydes is described. The cascade process involves 1,2-acyloxy migration followed by cyclopropenation and cycloreversion. This leads to an unprecedented [2+2+1] cycloaddition of the resulting alkenylgold carbenoid species, examples of which are extremely rare, with two aldehyde molecules at catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol %. The usefulness of this cycloisomerization chemistry was further demonstrated by the transformation of one example to the corresponding phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Rao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6791-1961
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36
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Vriamont C, Devillers M, Riant O, Hermans S. Catalysis with Gold Complexes Immobilised on Carbon Nanotubes by π-π Stacking Interactions: Heterogeneous Catalysis versus the Boomerang Effect. Chemistry 2013; 19:12009-17. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Wang C, Sperry J. Total syntheses of the dipyrrolobenzoquinone (+)-terreusinone enabled by an evaluation of 4-methylpent-1-yn-3-ols in the Larock indole synthesis. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Zalesskiy SS, Sedykh AE, Kashin AS, Ananikov VP. Efficient general procedure to access a diversity of gold(0) particles and gold(I) phosphine complexes from a simple HAuCl4 source. Localization of homogeneous/heterogeneous system's interface and field-emission scanning electron microscopy study. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3550-9. [PMID: 23276227 DOI: 10.1021/ja311258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Soluble gold precatalysts, aimed for homogeneous catalysis, under certain conditions may form nanoparticles, which dramatically change the mechanism and initiate different chemistry. The present study addresses the question of designing gold catalysts, taking into account possible interconversions and contamination at the homogeneous/heterogeneous system's interface. It was revealed that accurate localization of boundary experimental conditions for formation of molecular gold complexes in solution versus nucleation and growth of gold particles opens new opportunities for well-known gold chemistry. Within the developed concept, a series of practical procedures was created for efficient synthesis of soluble gold complexes with various phosphine ligands (R3P)AuCl (90-99% yield) and for preparation of different types of gold materials. The effect of the ligand on the particles growth in solution has been observed and characterized with high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) study. Two unique types of nanostructured gold materials were prepared: hierarchical agglomerates and gold mirror composed of ultrafine smoothly shaped particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Zalesskiy
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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40
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Nuti E, Santamaria S, Casalini F, Yamamoto K, Marinelli L, La Pietra V, Novellino E, Orlandini E, Nencetti S, Marini AM, Salerno S, Taliani S, Da Settimo F, Nagase H, Rossello A. Arylsulfonamide inhibitors of aggrecanases as potential therapeutic agents for osteoarthritis: synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 62:379-94. [PMID: 23376997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aggrecanases, in particular aggrecanase-2 (ADAMTS-5), are considered the principal proteases responsible for aggrecan degradation in osteoarthritis. For this reason, considerable effort has been put on the discovery and development of aggrecanase inhibitors able to slow down or halt the progression of osteoarthritis. We report herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of arylsulfonamido-based hydroxamates as aggrecanase inhibitors. Compound 18 was found to have a nanomolar activity for ADAMTS-5, ADAMTS-4 and MMP-13 and high selectivity over MMP-1 and MMP-14. Furthermore, this compound proved to be effective in blocking ex vivo cartilage degradation without having effect on cell cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Nuti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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41
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Leng B, Chichetti S, Su S, Beeler AB, Porco JA. Synthesis of a novel chemotype via sequential metal-catalyzed cycloisomerizations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1338-43. [PMID: 23019468 PMCID: PMC3458758 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequential cycloisomerizations of diynyl o-benzaldehyde substrates to access novel polycyclic cyclopropanes are reported. The reaction sequence involves initial Cu(I)-mediated cycloisomerization/nucleophilic addition to an isochromene followed by diastereoselective Pt(II)-catalyzed enyne cycloisomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Leng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Soriano E, Marco-Contelles J. A DFT-Based Analysis of the Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1-Siloxy 1,5-Enynes to Cyclohexadienes. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6231-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301057j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Soriano
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3,
28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3,
28006-Madrid, Spain
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43
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Miege F, Meyer C, Cossy J. Gold(I)-catalysed cycloisomerisation of 1,6-cyclopropene-enes. Chemistry 2012; 18:7810-22. [PMID: 22588697 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The gold(I)-catalysed cycloisomerisation of appropriately substituted 1,6-cyclopropene-enes proceeds through regioselective electrophilic ring opening of the three-membered ring to generate an alkenyl gold carbenoid that achieves the intramolecular cyclopropanation of the remote olefin. This strategy allows straightforward, highly efficient and diastereoselective access to a variety of substituted 3-oxa- and 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes, as well as to bicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-ol derivatives. Since the isopropylidene group in the resulting cycloisomerisation products can be subjected to ozonolysis, 3,3-dimethylcyclopropenes behave as interesting surrogates for α-diazoketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Miege
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS (UMR 7084), 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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44
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Mazzone G, Russo N, Sicilia E. Homogeneous Gold Catalysis: Hydration of 1,2-Diphenylacetylene with Methanol in Aqueous Media. A Theoretical Viewpoint. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om2012369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di
Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni
Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036
Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di
Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni
Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036
Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Dipartimento di
Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni
Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036
Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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45
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Kronig S, Theuergarten E, Daniliuc CG, Jones PG, Tamm M. Anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes that contain a weakly coordinating borate moiety. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:3240-4. [PMID: 22337636 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Kronig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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46
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Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbenes That Contain a Weakly Coordinating Borate Moiety. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201108813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Wang C, Sperry J. Total Synthesis of the Photoprotecting Dipyrrolobenzoquinone (+)-Terreusinone. Org Lett 2011; 13:6444-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2027398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christy Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
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López-Carrillo V, Huguet N, Mosquera Á, Echavarren AM. Nature of the Intermediates in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclizations of 1,5-Enynes. Chemistry 2011; 17:10972-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Ito S, Zhai L, Mikami K. Combination of sp2- and sp3-Type Phosphorus Atoms for Gold Chemistry: Preparation, Structure, and Catalytic Activity of Gold Complexes That Bear Ligated 2-Silyl-1,3-diphosphapropenes. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:3077-83. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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