1
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Muratov K, Gagosz F. Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203452. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
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2
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Rong Wong Z, Schramm TK, Loipersberger M, Head-Gordon M, Toste FD. Revisiting the Bonding Model for Gold(I) Species: The Importance of Pauli Repulsion Revealed in a Gold(I)-Cyclobutadiene Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202019. [PMID: 35261142 PMCID: PMC9173747 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the bonding of gold(I) species has been central to the development of gold(I) catalysis. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of the first gold(I)-cyclobutadiene complex, accompanied with bonding analysis by state-of-the-art energy decomposition analysis methods. Analysis of possible coordination modes for the new species not only confirms established characteristics of gold(I) bonding, but also suggests that Pauli repulsion is a key yet hitherto overlooked element. Additionally, we obtain a new perspective on gold(I)-bonding by comparison of the gold(I)-cyclobutadiene to congeners stabilized by p-, d-, and f-block metals. Consequently, we refine the gold(I) bonding model, with a delicate interplay of Pauli repulsion and charge transfer as the key driving force for various coordination motifs. Pauli repulsion is similarly determined as a significant interaction in AuI -alkyne species, corroborating this revised understanding of AuI bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Rong Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Tim K. Schramm
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Department of Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1 Aachen, 52074 (Germany)
| | - Matthias Loipersberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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3
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Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Wong ZR, Schramm TK, Loipersberger M, Head‐Gordon M, Toste FD. Revisiting the Bonding Model for Gold(I) Species: The Importance of Pauli Repulsion Revealed in a Gold(I)‐Cyclobutadiene Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Rong Wong
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Tim K. Schramm
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Matthias Loipersberger
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Martin Head‐Gordon
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307 Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307 Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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5
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Sharma K. Mechanistic Study on Gold(I)-Catalyzed Unsaturated Spiroketalization Reaction. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178619666220105151953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The mechanism of metal-catalyzed spiroketalization of propargyl acetonide is explored by employing DFT with the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) method. Acetonide is used as a regioselective regulator in the formation of monounsaturated spiroketal. The energies of transition states, intermediates, reactants and products are calculated to provide new insight into the mechanism of the reaction. The energetic features, validation of the observed trends in regioselectivity are conferred in terms of electronic indices via FMO analysis. The presence of acetonide facilitates a stepwise spiroketalization as it masks the competing nucleophile, and thus hydroxyl group present, exclusively acts as a nucleophile. The vinyl gold intermediate 3 is formed from 2 via activation barrier TS1. This is the first ring formation, which is 6-exo-dig cyclization. The intermediate 3 is converted into allenyl ether 4, which isomerizes to the intermediate oxocarbenium ion 5 via activation barrier TS2. The intermediate 5 cyclizes to 6 via TS3. This is the second ring formation. The intermediate 6 on protodeauration turns into 6,6-monounsaturated spiroketal 7. It is concluded that acetonide as a protecting group serves the purpose, and thus a wide range of spiroketals can be prepared, regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, Haryana, INDIA
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6
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Wodrich MD, Corminboeuf C. Methoxycyclization of 1,5‐Enynes by Coinage Metal Catalysts: Is Gold Always Superior? Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research – Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research – Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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7
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Yang S, Alix A, Bour C, Gandon V. Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX 3 Salts: A Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5507-5522. [PMID: 33769800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The concept of alkynophilicity is revisited with group 13 MX3 metal salts (M = In, Ga, Al, B; X = Cl, OTf) using M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) calculations. This study aims at answering why some of these salts show reactivity toward enynes that is similar to that observed with late-transition-metal complexes, notably Au(I) species, and why some of them are inactive. For this purpose, the mechanism of the skeletal reorganization of 1,6-enynes into 1-vinylcyclopentenes has been computed, including monomeric ("standard") and dimeric (superelectrophilic) activation. Those results are confronted with deactivation pathways based on the dissociation of the M-X bond. The role of the X ligand in the stabilization of the intermediate nonclassical carbocation is revealed, and the whole features required to make a good π-Lewis acid are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Yang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Aurélien Alix
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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8
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Abstract
Three- and four-membered rings, widespread motifs in nature and medicinal chemistry, have fascinated chemists ever since their discovery. However, due to energetic considerations, small rings are often difficult to assemble. In this regard, homogeneous gold catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to construct these highly strained carbocycles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of all the major advances and discoveries made in the gold-catalyzed synthesis of cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, cyclobutanes, cyclobutenes, and their corresponding heterocyclic or heterosubstituted analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina Garcı A-Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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9
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Banerjee S, Ambegave SB, Mule RD, Senthilkumar B, Patil NT. Gold-Catalyzed Alkynylative Meyer–Schuster Rearrangement. Org Lett 2020; 22:4792-4796. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somsuvra Banerjee
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. HomiBhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Shivhar B. Ambegave
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Ravindra D. Mule
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. HomiBhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Beeran Senthilkumar
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. HomiBhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Zuccarello
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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11
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Applications of metal and non-metal catalysts for the synthesis of oxygen containing five-membered polyheterocylces: a mini review. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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12
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Abstract
The mechanism of addition of nucleophiles to the π-acid complexed alkynes has been studied
successfully by the assessment of energy of intermediates and activation parameters. To elucidate
the origin of stereoselectivity and predict the reaction pathways, the geometry optimizations of reactants,
products, intermediates and transition states, were calculated by using density functional theory
(DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) method. The reaction mechanism of hydration of alkynes in the
catalyzed synthesis of bis-spiroketal by DFT calculations is explored. The pyranyl enol ether was
formed regioselectively by the first ring closure. Further, bis-enol ether was formed by second 6-exodig
addition. Then, dehydration, followed by dehydrative ring closure finally gave bis-spiroketal product.
It is concluded that one of the most feasible reaction pathways comprises pyranyl enol ether and
bis-enol ether formation as intermediates. The final cyclization step of product formation is endothermic.
In terms of stereochemistry, the trans-product is found to be energetically more stable than cisproduct
and hence supports the electivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, Haryana, India
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13
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Zang W, Wei Y, Shi M. Gold(i)-catalyzed cascade cyclization of O-tethered 1,7-enynes bearing a cyclopropane moiety: construction of multi-substituted furans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8126-8129. [PMID: 31237577 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03735g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization of O-tethered 1,7-enynes bearing a cyclopropane moiety has been reported in this communication, affording multi-substituted furans in moderate to good yields. The reaction proceeded through an intramolecular O-nucleophilic addition and 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement followed by ring-opening of the cyclopropane unit along with the further reaction with electrophiles. The C-C bond cleavage of a strained cyclopropane moiety in the presence of a gold catalyst and the aromatization provided the driving force for this cascade cyclization. The practical transformations of the obtained diiodinated furan have also been indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Alyabyev SB, Beletskaya IP. Gold as a catalyst. Part II. Alkynes in the reactions of carbon–carbon bond formation. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Oki Y, Nakada M. Research on Au(I)-catalyzed ene-yne cycloisomerization for construction of quassinoid scaffold. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Zhukhovitskiy A, Kobylianskii IJ, Wu CY, Toste FD. Migratory Insertion of Carbenes into Au(III)-C Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:466-474. [PMID: 29260868 PMCID: PMC5765531 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Migratory insertion of carbon-based species into transition-metal-carbon bonds is a mechanistic manifold of vast significance: it underlies the Fischer-Tropsch process, Mizoroki-Heck reaction, Ziegler-Natta and analogous late-transition-metal-catalyzed olefin polymerizations, and a number of carbonylative methods for the synthesis of ketones and esters, among others. Although this type of reactivity is well-precedented for most transition metals, gold constitutes a notable exception, with virtually no well-characterized examples known to date. Yet, the complementary reactivity of gold to numerous other transition metals would offer new synthetic opportunities for migratory insertion of carbon-based species into gold-carbon bonds. Here we report the discovery of well-defined Au(III) complexes that participate in rapid migratory insertion of carbenes derived from silyl- or carbonyl-stabilized diazoalkanes into Au-C bonds at temperatures ≥ -40 °C. Through a combined theoretical and experimental approach, key kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural details of this reaction manifold were elucidated. This study paves the way for homogeneous gold-catalyzed processes incorporating carbene migratory insertion steps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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17
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Feng YJ, Chen YH, Huang SL, Liu YH, Lin YC. Cyclization Reactions of Aryl Propargyl Acetates with Tethered Epoxide Induced by Ruthenium Complex. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:3027-3038. [PMID: 28980768 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of the ruthenium complex [Ru]Cl ([Ru]=Cp(PPh3 )2 Ru; Cp=η5 -C5 H5 ) with several aryl propargyl acetates, each with an ortho-substituted chain of various length containing an epoxide on the aromatic ring and with or without methyl substitutents on the epoxide ring, bring about novel cyclizations. The cyclization reactions of HC≡CCH(OAc)(C6 H4 )CH2 (RC2 H2 O) (R=H, 6 a; R=CH3 , 6 b, where RC2 H2 O is an epoxide ring) in MeOH give the vinylidene complexes 5 a-b, respectively, each with the Cβ integrated into a tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-6-ol ring. A C-C bond formation takes place between the propargyl acetate and the less substituted carbon of the epoxide ring. Further cyclizations of 5 a-b induced by HBF4 give the corresponding vinylidene complexes 8 a-b each with a new 8-oxabicyclo-[3.2.1]octane ring by removal of a methanol molecule in high yield. For similar aryl propargyl acetates with a shorter epoxide chain, the cyclization gives a mixture of a vinylidene complex with a tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol ring and a carbene complex with a tricyclic indeno-furan ring. For the cyclization of 18, with a longer epoxide chain, opening of the epoxide is required to afford the vicinal bromohydrin 22, then tandem cyclization occurs in one pot. Products are characterized by spectroscopic methods as well as by XRD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jhen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
| | - Yi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
| | - Shou-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
| | - Ying-Chih Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan), Fax: (+886) 223636359
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18
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Álvarez-Pérez M, Frutos M, Viso A, Fernández de la Pradilla R, de la Torre MC, Sierra MA, Gornitzka H, Hemmert C. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization-Dimerization Cascade of Benzene-Tethered 1,6-Enynes. J Org Chem 2017. [PMID: 28650170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented stereoselective domino reaction of 1,6-enynes with an aryl ring at C3-C4 in the presence of gold(I) catalysts at low temperature is described. This process involves a novel 5-exo-dig cycloisomerization-dimerization sequence to afford formal Diels-Alder adducts that undergo a smooth gold-catalyzed double bond migration at room temperature. In addition, the first examples of the gold mesoionic carbene mediated [2+2+2] cycloaddition of these enynes with benzaldehyde are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Álvarez-Pérez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Frutos
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Viso
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Fernández de la Pradilla
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María C de la Torre
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sierra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Catherine Hemmert
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT , F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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19
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Mekareeya A, Walker PR, Couce-Rios A, Campbell CD, Steven A, Paton RS, Anderson EA. Mechanistic Insight into Palladium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10104-10114. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aroonroj Mekareeya
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - P. Ross Walker
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Almudena Couce-Rios
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Craig D. Campbell
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Alan Steven
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Techology and Development, Charter Way, Macclesfield,
Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Robert S. Paton
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Edward A. Anderson
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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20
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Kim N, Brooner REM, Widenhoefer RA. Unexpected Skeletal Rearrangement in the Gold(I)/Silver(I)-Catalyzed Conversion of 7-Aryl-1,6-enynes to Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-enes via Hidden Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kim
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Rachel E. M. Brooner
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ross A. Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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21
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Zhang X, Sun X, Fan H, Li P, Lyu C, Rao W. Gold-Catalyzed Chemoselective Synthesis of Heterocycles from 3-(2-Azidophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ols and Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; 210037 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; 210037 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hui Fan
- School of Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; 213164 Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; 210037 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Chang Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; 210037 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; 210037 Nanjing P. R. China
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22
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Stevenson SM, Newcomb ET, Ferreira EM. C-C Bond Migration in the Cycloisomerization of 1,6-Enynes. Org Chem Front 2016; 3:1228-1235. [PMID: 28239480 DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00224b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A full account of our investigation of C-C bond migration in the cycloisomerization of oxygen-tethered 1,6-enynes is described. Under Pt(II) and/or Ir(I) catalysis, cyclic and acylic alkyl groups were found to undergo 1,2-shifts into metal carbenoid intermediates. Interestingly, this process does not appear to be driven by the release of ring strain, and thus provides access to large carbocyclic frameworks. The beneficial effect of CO on the Pt(II) and Ir(I) catalytic systems is also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | | | - Eric M Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
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23
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Harris RJ, Widenhoefer RA. Gold carbenes, gold-stabilized carbocations, and cationic intermediates relevant to gold-catalysed enyne cycloaddition. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4533-51. [PMID: 27146712 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cationic gold complexes in which gold is bound to a formally divalent carbon atom, typically formulated as gold carbenes or α-metallocarbenium ions, have been widely invoked in a range of gold-catalyzed transformations, most notably in the gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,n-enynes. Although the existence of gold carbene complexes as intermediates in gold-catalyzed transformations is supported by a wealth of indirect experimental data and by computation, until recently no examples of cationic gold carbenes/α-metallocarbenium ions had been synthesized nor had any cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition been directly observed. Largely for this reason, there has been considerable debate regarding the electronic structure of these cationic complexes, in particular the relative contributions of the carbene (LAu(+)[double bond, length as m-dash]CR2) and α-metallocarbenium (LAu-CR2(+)) forms, which is intimately related to the extent of d → p backbonding from gold to the C1 carbon atom. However, over the past ∼ seven years, a number of cationic gold carbene complexes have been synthesized in solution and generated in the gas phase and cationic intermediates have been directly observed in the gold-catalyzed cycloaddition of enynes. Together, these advances provide insight into the nature and electronic structure of gold carbene/α-metallocarbenium complexes and the cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition. Herein we review recent advances in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Harris
- French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0346, USA.
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24
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Deng X, Ni SF, Han ZY, Guan YQ, Lv H, Dang L, Zhang XM. Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of (E)-1,6-Enynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6295-9. [PMID: 27061132 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective rhodium(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction of challenging (E)-1,6-enynes is reported. This novel process enables (E)-1,6-enynes with a wide range of functionalities, including nitrogen-, oxygen-, and carbon-tethered (E)-1,6-enynes, to undergo cycloisomerization with excellent enantioselectivity, in a high-yielding and operationally simple manner. Moreover, this Rh(I) -diphosphane catalytic system also exhibited superior reactivity and enantioselectivity for (Z)-1,6-enynes. A rationale for the striking reactivity difference between (E)- and (Z)-1,6-enynes using Rh(I) -BINAP and Rh(I) -TangPhos is outlined using DFT studies to provide the necessary insight for the design of new catalyst systems and the application to synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, 518055, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yu Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, 518055, Shenzhen, P.R. China.
| | - Xu-Mu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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25
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Deng X, Ni SF, Han ZY, Guan YQ, Lv H, Dang L, Zhang XM. Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of (E
)-1,6-Enynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; 430072 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; 518055 Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yu Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; 430072 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; 430072 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; 430072 Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; 518055 Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Xu-Mu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; 430072 Wuhan P.R. China
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26
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Mazzone G, Russo N, Sicilia E. Catalytic role of dinuclear σ,π-acetylide gold(I) complexes in the hydroamination of terminal alkynes: theoretical insights. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 11:581-90. [PMID: 26580915 DOI: 10.1021/ct500849m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A detailed density functional theory (DFT) investigation of the hydroamination of 1-octyne with aniline mediated by a σ,π-digold(I) bulky phosphine-based complex was undertaken in order to shed light on the mechanistic aspects of such processes. With the purpose to probe whether the performance that the cationic digold complexes exhibit is superior to those of mononuclear complexes, the same hydroamination reaction was explored by considering separately the reaction of aniline with both the monogold(I) complexes formed by π- and σ-coordination of 1-octyne to the dialkylbiarylphosphine Au(I) precatalyst. The outcomes of the computational analysis presented here show that, when the σ,π-digold alkynide complex can be formed, the reaction is not necessarily assisted by such a complex, as the computed energy barrier is almost equal to that found when the π-coordinated alkyne mononuclear gold complex is involved in the hydroamination process. The catalytic assistance of the Au(I)-σ-alkynyl complex, instead, can be surely excluded as the hydroamination product is formed by overcoming an energy barrier significantly higher than that computed when both σ,π-digold and π-coordinated alkyne monogold complexes assist the reaction. Moreover, regardless of the implicated gold(I) species, the investigated mechanism accounts for the Markovnikov selectivity of the reaction, confirming the experimental evidence. The proposed mechanisms for the conversion of Au(I) π-coordinated alkyne complexes into the corresponding σ,π-digold alkynide complexes were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria , I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria , I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.,Division de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria, Departamento de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa , Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340 Mexico
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria , I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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27
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Hansmann MM, Melen RL, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Wadepohl H, Stephan DW, Hashmi ASK. Cyclopropanation/Carboboration Reactions of Enynes with B(C6F5)3. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15469-77. [PMID: 26580316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stoichiometric reaction of B(C6F5)3 with 1,6-enynes is shown to proceed via initial cyclopropanation and formal 1,1-carboboration. Depending on the substitution on the alkene moiety, subsequent ring-opening of the cyclopropane affords either cyclopentane or cyclohexane derivatives in which the C6F5 and B(C6F5)2 adopt a 1,4-positioning. Mechanistically, this transformation involves π-activation of the alkyne moiety, which triggers cyclopropanation, followed by carboboration. Both the cyclopropanation and subsequent ring-opening are shown to be stereospecific. Both cyclopropanation and 1,4-carboborated products were employed as Lewis acid components in frustrated Lewis pair activation of H2 and CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Hansmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Wu Z, Retailleau P, Gandon V, Voituriez A, Marinetti A. Use of Planar Chiral Ferrocenylphosphine-Gold(I) Complexes in the Asymmetric Cycloisomerization of 3-Hydroxylated 1,5-Enynes. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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29
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Mi Y, Zhou T, Wang KP, Lee D, Xia Y. Mechanistic Understanding of the Divergent Cyclizations ofo-Alkynylbenzaldehyde Acetals and Thioacetals Catalyzed by Metal Halides. Chemistry 2015; 21:17256-68. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Activation of Alkynes for the Construction of Molecular Complexity. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9028-72. [PMID: 25844920 PMCID: PMC4580024 DOI: 10.1021/cr500691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1311] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical
Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països
Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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31
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Dorel R, Echavarren AM. Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7321-32. [PMID: 26061916 PMCID: PMC4531321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of 1,n-enynes catalyzed by gold(I) proceed via electrophilic species with a highly distorted cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like structure, which can react with different nucleophiles to form a wide variety of products by attack at the cyclopropane or the carbene carbons. Particularly important are reactions in which the gold(I) carbene reacts with alkenes to form cyclopropanes either intra- or intermolecularly. In the absence of nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes lead to a variety of cycloisomerized products including those resulting from skeletal rearrangements. Reactions proceeding through cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates are ideally suited for the bioinspired synthesis of terpenoid natural products by the selective activation of the alkyne in highly functionalized enynes or polyenynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research
of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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32
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Muratore ME, Homs A, Obradors C, Echavarren AM. Meeting the challenge of intermolecular gold(I)-catalyzed cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:3066-82. [PMID: 25048645 PMCID: PMC4676923 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of gold(I)-catalyzed intermolecular carbo- and hetero-cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes has been more challenging than their intramolecular counterparts. Here we review, with a mechanistic perspective, the most fundamental intermolecular cycloadditions of alkynes and allenes with alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Muratore
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Anna Homs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
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33
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Brooner REM, Robertson BD, Widenhoefer RA. Mechanism of 1,3-Hydrogen Migration in a Gold Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptene Complex: The Role of Brønsted Acid in the Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 7-Aryl-1,6-Enynes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. M. Brooner
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Bradley D. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Ross A. Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry,
French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
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34
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Kaminsky L, Clark DA. Ruthenium Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Silicon-Tethered 1,7-Enynes To Give Exocyclic 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2014; 16:5450-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5026926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry,
1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Daniel A. Clark
- Department of Chemistry,
1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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35
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Ramiro Z, Bartolomé C, Espinet P. Protection of the Gold(I) Catalyst by AsPh3in Reactions of Enynes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Feng Y, Tsai F, Huang S, Liu Y, Lin Y. Cyclizations of Aryl Enynes Containing Propargyl Alcohol and Diallylamine Groups to Yield Indolecarbaldehydes Induced by Ruthenium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Jhen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Fu‐Yuan Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Shou‐Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Chih Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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37
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Zhou T, Xia Y. Substrate-Dependent Mechanisms for the Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Silyl-Tethered Enynes: A Computational Study. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500499s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- College
of Chemistry and
Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College
of Chemistry and
Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Tokimizu Y, Oishi S, Fujii N, Ohno H. Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of (Azido)ynamides: An Efficient Strategy for the Construction of Indoloquinolines. Org Lett 2014; 16:3138-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5012604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tokimizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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39
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Abstract
Cycloisomerizations of enynes are probably the most representative carbon-carbon bond forming reactions catalyzed by electrophilic metal complexes. These transformations are synthetically useful because chemists can use them to build complex architectures under mild conditions from readily assembled starting materials. However, these transformations can have complex mechanisms. In general, gold(I) activates alkynes in the presence of any other unsaturated functional group by forming an (η(2)-alkyne)-gold complex. This species reacts readily with nucleophiles, including electron-rich alkenes. In this case, the reaction forms cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene-like intermediates. These can come from different pathways depending on the substitution pattern of the alkyne and the alkene. In the absence of external nucleophiles, 1,n-enynes can form products of skeletal rearrangement in fully intramolecular reactions, which are mechanistically very different from metathesis reactions initiated by the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of a Grubbs-type carbene or other related metal carbenes. In this Account, we discuss how cycloisomerization and addition reactions of substituted enynes, as well as intermolecular reactions between alkynes and alkenes, are best interpreted as proceeding through discrete cationic intermediates in which gold(I) plays a significant role in the stabilization of the positive charge. The most important intermediates are highly delocalized cationic species that some chemists describe as cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes or gold(I)-stabilized cyclopropylmethyl/cyclobutyl/homoallyl carbocations. However, we prefer the cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene formulation for its simplicity and mnemonic value, highlighting the tendency of these intermediates to undergo cyclopropanation reactions with alkenes. We can add a variety of hetero- and carbonucleophiles to the enynes in the presence of gold(I) in intra- or intermolecular reactions, leading to the corresponding adducts with high stereoselectivity through stereospecific anti-additions. We have also developed stereospecific syn-additions, which probably occur through similar intermediates. The attack of carbonyl groups at the cyclopropyl carbons of the intermediate cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes initiates a particularly interesting group of reactions. These trigger a cascade transformation that can lead to the formation of two C-C and one C-O bonds. In the fully intramolecular process, this stereospecific transformation has been applied for the synthesis of natural sesquiterpenoids such as (+)-orientalol F and (-)-englerin A. Intra- and intermolecular trapping of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes with alkenes leads to the formation of cyclopropanes with significant increase in the molecular complexity, particularly in cases in which this process combines with the migration of propargylic alkoxy and related OR groups. We have recently shown this in the stereoselective total synthesis of the antiviral sesquiterpene (+)-schisanwilsonene by a cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration/intermolecular cyclopropanation. In this synthesis, the cyclization/1,5-acetoxy migration is faster than the alternative 1,2-acyloxy migration that would result in racemization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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40
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Matsuda T, Sakurai Y. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Ring-Expanding Spiroannulation of Cyclopropenones with Enynes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2739-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500045n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Matsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakurai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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41
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Zhou Q, Li Y. 1,3-Cationic Alkylidene Migration of Nonclassical Carbocation: A Density Functional Theory Study on Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,5-Enynes Containing Cyclopropene Moiety. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1505-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ja410734e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxue Li
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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42
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Obradors C, Echavarren AM. Intriguing mechanistic labyrinths in gold(I) catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:16-28. [PMID: 24176910 PMCID: PMC4162457 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many mechanistically intriguing reactions have been developed in the last decade using gold(I) as catalyst. Here we review the main mechanistic proposals in gold-catalysed activation of alkynes and allenes, in which this metal plays a central role by stabilising a variety of complex cationic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Obradors
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel. li Domingo s/n , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
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43
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Lebœuf D, Gaydou M, Wang Y, Echavarren AM. Intermolecular reactions of gold(i)-carbenes with furans by related mechanisms. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00130c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The intermolecular gold(i)-catalyzed reactions of propargyl carboxylates, 1,6-enynes, or 7-substituted 1,3,5-cycloheptatrienes with furans afford cyclopentenones, polyenes or polycyclic compounds by related mechanisms initiated by the electrophilic addition of gold(i) carbenes to furans followed by ring-opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lebœuf
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Morgane Gaydou
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yahui Wang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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44
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45
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Arumugam K, Varghese B, Brantley JN, Konda SSM, Lynch VM, Bielawski CW. 1,6-Enyne Cyclizations Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Supported Gold Complexes: Deconvoluting Sterics and Electronics. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Giffin KA, Harrison DJ, Korobkov I, Baker RT. Activation of C–F and Ni–C Bonds of [P,S]-Ligated Nickel Perfluorometallacycles. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400933k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitie A. Giffin
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Harrison
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ilia Korobkov
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - R. Tom Baker
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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47
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Zhou T, Xu L, Xia Y. Noninnocent counterion effect on the rearrangements of cationic intermediates in a gold(I)-catalyzed alkenylsilylation reaction. Org Lett 2013; 15:6074-7. [PMID: 24215400 DOI: 10.1021/ol4029644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mechanistic DFT study of the gold(I)-catalyzed alkenylsilylation reaction of a silyl-tethered 1,6-enyne system is reported. A novel pathway involving bistriflimide counterion-assisted rearrangements of carbocation and silyl cation intermediates corroborates the experimental observations. The results suggest the important role of the counterion in modulating the reactivity of cationic intermediates in gold catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
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48
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Sanjuán AM, Martínez A, García-García P, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Sanz R. Gold(I)-catalyzed 6-endo hydroxycyclization of 7-substituted-1,6-enynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2242-9. [PMID: 24204437 PMCID: PMC3817472 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclization of o-(alkynyl)-3-(methylbut-2-enyl)benzenes, 1,6-enynes having a condensed aromatic ring at C3–C4 positions, has been studied under the catalysis of cationic gold(I) complexes. The selective 6-endo-dig mode of cyclization observed for the 7-substituted substrates in the presence of water or methanol giving rise to hydroxy(methoxy)-functionalized dihydronaphthalene derivatives is highly remarkable in the context of the observed reaction pathways for the cycloisomerizations of 1,6-enynes bearing a trisubstituted olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Sanjuán
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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Nunes dos Santos Comprido L, Hashmi ASK. Catalytic Oxidative Cyclisation Reactions of 1,6-Enynes: A Critical Comparison Between Gold and Palladium. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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50
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Ohno H. Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of Alkynes for Construction of Polycyclic Compounds. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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